358 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
April 
Ruralisms 
NOTES FROM THE RURAL GROUNDS 
Spraying for San Jose Scale. —Scale 
control is plainly the most serious prob¬ 
lem confronting the New Jersey orchard- 
fruit grower. # It cannot yet be claimed 
that any really effective and practical 
means of controlling this dreadful pest 
has been developed. All the spraying 
mixtures proposed have objectionable 
qualities. The few that can be relied on to 
kill the scale are quite likely to injure the 
tree, and those not harmful to trees do 
not appear greatly to disturb the scale. 
Last Spring we sprayed all infested trees 
with liver of sulphur-lime solution, one- 
half pound each to the gallon of water, 
applied fresh and hot. No trees were in¬ 
jured, and the peaches were apparently 
cleared of leaf-curl fungus, but the scales 
were so little harmed that they multiplied 
and crusted our apple, pear and cherry 
trees, and to a less extent overspread the 
peaches and plums. The Rural Grounds 
have never experienced such a disastrous 
increase of the pest. As radical means 
seemed necessary to check further spread 
the trees were again sprayed in October, 
as soon as the leaves were off, with potash 
whale-oil soap, two pounds to the gallon. 
This is a strong solution and will only go 
well through the nozzles while warm. 
The infected trees were most carefully 
coated, except a few reserved for the 
limoid-kerosene treatment this Spring. As 
far as field inspection can go at this writ¬ 
ing, the scales appear entirely destroyed 
o.i the soap-sprayed trees, but most flower 
buds, a large proportion of fruit spurs, 
many twigs and even some considerable 
branches have also been killed, the injury 
appearing greatest where the scale-crusts 
are thickest. Whether this injury is il- 
together due to the soap or the action of 
the severe Winter cold on the devitalized 
tissues under the scale crusts is not evi¬ 
dent, but more wood appears killed on 
the soap-sprayed trees than on similar 
ones unsprayed. The severest inj ury, con¬ 
trary to our usual experience, is shown 
by young pear trees of European varie¬ 
ties. 
The Kerosene-Ltmoid Wash. — We 
sprayed the reserved trees—some of each 
class—March 15 and 25 with kerosene- 
limoid wash, about 18 p^r cent kerosene. 
This is surely an ideal method of dis¬ 
tributing kerosene. Nine quarts of kero¬ 
sene and 10 pounds limoid were mixed 
to a smooth paint with a wooden paddle, 
and 40 quarts or 10 gallons of water 
stirred in. The mixture was rather 
flocculent, but the oil and lime seemed 
perfectly incorporated with the water, and 
sprayed in a very satisfactory way with 
the use of moderate pressure. As the 
mixture dried on the trees the coating ap¬ 
peared very uniform. The early applica¬ 
tion was followed in 12 hours by heavy 
and continuous rains, which washed off 
much of the coating, the last spraying by 
a week of warm, dry weather The effect 
on the scale remains to be seen; it is only 
evident now that the trees do not show 
any injury from this wash. Leaf and 
flower buds appear to be coming out in 
quite a normal way. We can only hope 
that the scales will be cleared off. A 
careful reading of the bulletins on K.-L 
mixtures issued by the Delaware Exper¬ 
iment Station does not greatly encourage 
the idea that scale can be destroyed by a 
single application, even of the 20 -per-cent 
dilution, but rather that repeated spray¬ 
ings of mixtures cortaining a lower per¬ 
centage of oil may be needed during the 
Summer months. Mixtures containing 
not over 10 per cent of kerosene may be 
sprayed when the foliage has hardened in 
midsummer without much injury, and is 
very effective in killing the larvae and 
young scales, but cannot be relied on to 
clear off the adults. Whether trees will 
endure repeated applications in one season 
of oily or caustic insecticides is not fully 
demonstrated. The margin of resistance 
to insecticides between the Pernicious 
scale and tree tissues is narrow, and the 
latter’s power of growth in some local¬ 
ities does not seem eaual to the damage 
caused by frequent spraying. If the K.-L. 
mixture proves generally successful 
against the scale it will be a great boon, 
as it is a convenient preparation to handle. 
The Bleeding Heart. —The fine illus¬ 
tration on page 355, Fig. 149, engraved 
from an English photograph, very well 
shows the graceful outlines of the ever- 
welcome herbaceous plant, Dielytra spec- 
tabilis, popularly known as bleeding heart. 
It is one of the choicest hardy plants ever 
received from the Orient, being a native 
of eastern Siberia. It is now everywhere 
cultivated in temperate climates. No cot¬ 
tage or farm garden can be considered 
complete without a vigorous clump of 
bleeding heart, with its neat foliage and 
profuse drooping panicles of rosy-purple 
heart-shaped flowers. It likes a deep but 
light and rich soil, and well repays a lit¬ 
tle extra culture and fertilization. It is 
easily increased by division of the clump 
in early Spring. There are several other 
species of Dielytra of considerable beauty, 
but of minor cultural importance. We 
have laboriously grown the yellow-flow¬ 
ered D. chrysanth. of California from 
seed, and find it of little value in our 
locality. The color is good, but the 
blooms are small and stiffly carried, while 
the plant is of very doubtful hardiness.* 
One can make no mistake, however, in 
planting the common bleeding heart. 
_ w. v. F. 
Shortening Season of Corn. 
C. II., Jacksonville, Pa .—If we take equal 
amounts of the two varieties of corn, Shen¬ 
andoah Yellow, season 10U days, l’ride of the 
North, season 80 days, and mix it thoroughly, 
then plant the corn in this mixed proportion, 
will this have the tendency to shorten the 
season of Shenandoah Yellow, or are we work¬ 
ing against the laws of Nature? 
Ans. —There would probably be no gain 
in earliness the first season by planting to¬ 
gether the above two varieties of corn dif¬ 
fering 20 days in maturity. The result 
would be a mixture of hybrid and normal 
grains of each variety on the same cobs, 
but each variety would probably ripen its 
cobs at about the natural time. If this 
mixed seed, however, should be sown the 
second and succeeding years, there would 
likely be an average gain in earliness of 
about 10 days over the Shenandoah Yel¬ 
low, or, in other words, the new hybrid 
variety would be nearly intermediate be¬ 
tween the parents and could be fixed by 
three or more years’ consecutive selection. 
The above opinion is the result of much 
experience in breeding corn. 
Disease on Berries. —We plaut but one 
variety of the blackberry here in quantity— 
the Snyder, and this is rust-proof. It is sup¬ 
posed here that there is no cure for orange 
rust except to plow up the patch. Get un¬ 
infected planls and set them in a new place. 
Yet 1 know of one man who digs out Infected 
plants, sails the ground for several feet 
around, and claims success in this treatment. 
I have sprayed berry fruits but two seasons, 
a carbolic acid spray for thrips In the blos¬ 
som of strawberries and several thorough 
sprayings for anthracnose in raspberries. I 
raised an enormous crop of strawberries where 
1 had expected failure, but could see no bene¬ 
fit from the Bordeaux spray I used on rasp¬ 
berries. 1 have never tried it, hut think it 
probable that Bordeaux applied at proper 
times would prevent the spot and rust of 
the strawberry leaves, but should expect fail¬ 
ure in using it against the blight of black¬ 
berries. RENJ. BUCKMAN. 
ANSBACHER’S 
PURE PARIS GREEN 
Guaranteed by half a century’s 
successful use. Since 50 years « 
thousands of experienced Farm¬ 
ers rely upon it to save their Crops 
and Fruits. Absolutely pure—full 
strength—deadly sure iu results. 
Other makes of Paris Green, 
while possibly “pure,” will burn 
or scorch the foliage, thereby re- . 
ducing your yield per Acre or 
Tree. Often they don’t even kill 
the “bugs.” 
Ansb&cher’s Pari* Green is made 
by a special process. The only 
Paris Green on the market which 
is absolutely pure—Full strength! 
— Deadly in results ! — yet Per¬ 
fectly Harmless to Foliage! 
Reject Inferior Substitutes. 
Write to-day for free copy of 
illustrated booklet: “How to 
Use Paris Green in the Field and 
Orchard” and complete Spray¬ 
ing Calendar. When writing, 
please mention Dealer’s name. 
A. B. ANSBACHKR &, CO., 
5 Murray St., New York. 
HURST’S ORCHARD SPRAYER 
Sprays Everything—Trees, Potatoos, Truck, or¬ 
chards and small patches 
equally well. Rows, 4 at a 
time, 20 acres a day. Even 
2-acre growers say: "Pays 
itself first season.” First 
order (where no agent) se¬ 
cures Wholesale price. Ten 
days’ free trial or will take 
extra yield one acre as pay. 
Write to-day for one free in 
each locality. 
H. L. HURST MFG. CO., Dept C, Canton, O. 
“ All kinds ” Sprayers, Barrels, etc., at about one- 
half if you write at once. 
What sprays 
do you use ? 
Bowker’s 
are best 
are carefully and scientifically made 
ilvWauov combinations, many of them prepared 
on government formulas, and all of them are specifics 
for the pest to be destroyed. Not one remedy for all 
ills, but each the most effective of its kind. All ready 
to use by adding water. 
ariQIIP for instance, kills all insects 
dlC9 which chew, such as codling- 
moth, canker-worms, elm-leaf beetle, gypsy and 
brown-tail moths, etc. The most powerful insec¬ 
ticide known. Sticks like paint to foliage; not washed 
off by heavy rains. 2-lb. sample, 50c. Enough for 75 
gallons spray, $1. Enough fora large orchard, $4.25. 
Large Illustrated Catalogue Free 
BOWKER. INSECTICIDE COMPANY 
BOSTON NEW YORK CINCINNATI 
FERRES FRUIT BOX 
Is cheaper, lighter, stronger and better looking than 
wooden boxes. 
Tlie saving made on express shipments on account of less 
weight will more than pay for the boxes. 
Write us for circulars and prices, also state the kind and 
quantity of fruit you ship. 
The J. W. Sefton Mfg. Co., box is Anderson, Ind. 
GET THE BEST 
A Good Spray Pump earns big 
profits and lasts for years. 
THE ECLIPSE 
is a good pump. As 
practical fruit growers 
we were using the com¬ 
mon sprayers In our 
own orchards — found 
their defects and then in¬ 
vented THE ECLIPSE. Its 
success practically forced us 
into manufacturing on a 
large scale. You take no 
chances. We have done all 
the experimenting. 
Large fully illustrated 
Catalogue and Treatise 
on Spraying—FREE. 
MORRILL & MORLEY, Benton Harbor, Mich. 
E. C. Brown Co., 
jluvv 3 cti <x ume, «uiy 
width, with 
Rrnu/n’e traction 
DlUWn S COMPRESSED 
AIR SPRAYER. 
Constant pressure up to 150 lbs. 
Power costs nothing. 100 gal¬ 
lon cypress tank, all brass 
pump. Perfectly adapted also to or¬ 
chard work. We are the largest man¬ 
ufacturer* of spray pumps in the 
world, hand and power,including the 
fainoui “Auto-Spray.” 
Bend for Catalogue. 
268 St ate St.. Rochemter. N.Y^ 
w—mammmm—m—mmrnj 
(i 
FUMA” 
kills Prairie Dogs, 
’ Woodchucks,Gophers, 
and Grain Insects. 
‘The wheels of the 
gods grind slow but 
exceedingly small.” 80 the weevil, but you can stop 
“US- “Fuma Carbon Bisulphide "£’£83 
EDWARD R. TAYLOR. Penn Y»n. N. Y. 
Pure Canada Hardwood Ashes 
The Best, Cheapest and Most Lasting Fertilizer, 
The Joynt Brand is the best 
Joynt’s ashes are all collected from house to house. 
Now is the time to order a carload for this season. 
Write for prices to JOHN JOYNT, 
Lucknow, Ontario, Canada 
Reference: Bradstreet’s Agency 
SAN JOSE SCALE 
and other INSECTS killed by 
GOODS 
Caustic Potash Whale-Oil Soap No. 3 
Endorsed by U. S.Dept. of Agrl. and State Experiment 
Stations. Thissoapisa Fertilizer as well as au Insecti¬ 
cide. 60-lb. kegs. $2.50; 100-lb. kegs,$4.50; half barrel, 
8701b.,3^cperlb; barrel,425 lb., 3hlc. Send for booklet 
JAMES GOOD, Original Maker, 
939-41 N. Front Street. Philadelphia, Pa. 
HARDIE 
"k Spray 
Pump 
I use 
xa Hardit 
DO YOU WANT PERFECT FRUIT? 
Fruit Trees properly sprayed pay bigger 
profits than anything else on the farm. 
Write today J'or our free Book on Spraying, 
which gives all the newest and best formulas 
and tells how the successful fruit growers 
make big money. 
HOOK-HARDIE CO. 
Ill Mechanic St. Hudson, Mich. I 
brings fruits and flowers. We make 
the right appliances. Special adapta¬ 
tion to every need. 
HAND, BUCKET, BARREL KNAP* 
SACK an^ POWER SPRAYERS. 
20styles. Nozzles, hose,attachments,formula*, 
every spraying accessory. Write for free catalog. 
The Doming Co., Salem, O. 
Western Agents, Benton & Uubbsll, Chicago 
The Perfection Sprayer 
Sprays Every thing—Trees, potatoes, etc. Fur¬ 
nished complete with Cart and Barrel. Combined 
hand and horse power. Don’t buy until you get my 
catalogue, FREE. 
Thomas Feppler, Ilox 45, Higlitstown, N. J. 
with 
the 
PRAY 
or GARFIELD KNAPSACK 
"PERFECT AGITATORS. No scorching foliage. 
I No leather nor rubber valves. All styles of Spray 
Pumps. Valuable book of instructions free. 
FIELD FORCE PIMP CO„ 8 11th St., Elmir., N. Y. 
EMPIRE 
KINfiH 
For All Leaf Eating Insects 
spray with 
SWIFT’S 
Arsenate of Lead 
It will not burn. It sticks 
and will not wash off. 
MADE ONLY BY THE 
MERRIMAC CHEMICAL CO., 
BOSTON, MASS. 
Be sure and get Swift’s- If your dealer 
does not handle it, write direct to us. 
