1905. 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
473 
QUESTIONS FROM TENNESSEE. 
A. B. K., Jackson, Tenn .—In making a 
plant or vegetable house of glass on one side 
and prepared cloth on the other, on which 
side would you use glass? Do you think 
such a house would be a success In this 
latitude? What plants do well here with 
partial shade? I thought of planting celery 
and corn in rows beside it—the rows to run 
north and south. How do you think celery 
would succeed In that way? 
If I wanted to build a plant house 
partly covered with prepared cloth, I 
would build what is called a three-quarter 
house running east and west. On the 
south side use the glass, two 3 by 6-feet 
sash high, the lower sash resting on 
frame 12 inches from the ground, the 
upper sash fixed so that it could be used 
as ventilator, and on north side would 
use the cloth, extending down eight feet. 
This, with the walk dug out, and the 
plant bed about the level of outside 
ground, makes a good house. As to 
planting corn and celery in alternate 
rows, I don’t see where the gain is. If 
A. S. Iv. intends to earth up his celery, he 
will need as much space for his celery 
row as for his corn. The shade of the 
corn, I think, will neither benefit nor in¬ 
jure his celery. I prefer each in separate 
field. w. G. 
Wilmington, N. C. 
We have no experience with prepared 
cloth houses, but have used cloth as a 
cover for cold frames in which to winter 
early cabbage plants. With the addition 
of tight board covers in the coldest wea¬ 
ther it answered this purpose well. I am 
of the opinion, however, that a house of 
prepared cloth and glass would be far less 
satisfactory in Tennessee than in the lati¬ 
tude of Vicksburg and Montgomery. 
While our mean climate would indicate 
the success of such a covering, we have 
extremes occasionally that would result 
disastrously. Early celery succeeds well 
throughout the State where a water sup¬ 
ply is assured, and where plenty of well- 
rotted manure can be supplied. I have 
found no unusual methods necessary. 
Tennessee Station, ciiarles a. keffer. 
The shipping facilities, markets and 
climate of Tennessee are unknown to me, 
and consequently cannot advise as to 
crops. Prepared cloth is not a success, 
three-yard sheeting being preferable in 
all cases as a covering for cold frames. 
The combination of glass and cloth is 
not advisable, as after going to the ex¬ 
pense of glass safety demands strong and 
durable support, and crops under glass 
should not be endangered by flimsy ad¬ 
juncts liable to be destroyed by the first 
heavy storm. I should not consider cel¬ 
ery a crop for glass, but the plan as 
outlined in the inquiry is worth a trial. 
North Carolina. w. H. B. 
A COVER CROP IN RASPBERRIES . 
One of our readers In Connecticut asked us 
to name some crop that can be raised be¬ 
tween raspberries, after the crop of berries 
has been gathered. lie wants this crop to 
furnish humus, so that he can get along by 
the use of chemical fertilizers alone. He 
wants something that will not live over 
Winter, and thus prove a nuisance to be got 
rid of by plowing. Crimson clover would 
not answer In this case. 
Crimson clover is just the ideal crop for 
this purpose; nothing else so good, and I 
cannot understand why you say it would 
not answer in this case. Oats and turnips 
would be next best I think, j. H. hale. 
R. N.-Y.—He does not want a crop that 
lives over Winter. 
I have not been obliged to experiment 
in such a case, but would suggest oats or 
buckwheat. I have used oats on straw¬ 
berries for mulch when other material 
could not be had. Any material that will 
decay so fast as to leave nothing to plow 
or cultivate under in the Spring will not 
supply the humus needed. I would sug¬ 
gest after using the fertilizer that he 
mulch heavily, and when partly decayed 
cultivate in. c. knapp. 
Illinois. 
In a general way we are looking for a 
solution of the same question; the best 
way to furnish humus to the soil. Possi¬ 
bly cow peas might be as good as any¬ 
thing, although valuable time is lost to 
the growth of the cow pea in waiting for 
the gathering of the berry crop before 
planting the seed. I should prefer to try 
on a small scale, unless one was satisfied 
that even the past growth and develop¬ 
ment obtained was as well as one could 
do with anything else. The past two 
years we have planted cow peas for the 
purpose named. The first year they were 
a total failure, not enough warm weather 
for them. Last year they were a great 
success, getting a growth nearly waist 
high, and heavy. Planted in June, growth 
was made till killing frosts towards Oc¬ 
tober 1. The roots of these cow peas 
were a mass of nodules, which are pre¬ 
sumed to mean an addition of large quan¬ 
tities of nitrogen to the soil. Some of 
these cow peas were plowed under about 
October 1; the remainder are now on the 
soil surface. Possibly the inquirer might 
sow Cow-horn turnips to advantage—if 
.soil is already fairly fertile, allowing same 
to lie on the ground and decay. Last 
season as an experiment we sowed, in ad¬ 
dition to the cow pea ground, several 
acres with a mixture of Cow-horn turnip 
seed, Crimson clover and Red clover, ex¬ 
pecting the turnips would afford protec¬ 
tion to the young clover plants through 
the Winter. We got a great growth of 
turnips, which were mostly left on the 
ground. j. norris barnes. 
New Haven Co., Conn. 
I do not see why corn, or oats, sown 
broadcast, would not be a good cover; or 
yet better the White Egg or other turnips, 
if the crop was allowed to remain and 
decay on the ground. Beans, which per¬ 
ish with the first frost, would have less 
value as a protection than peas, which 
hold their leaves longer. I had occasion 
years ago to note that where 50 bushels 
of turnips (ruta baga) were spread rather 
too thickly on some good soil in Ver¬ 
mont, the succeeding wheat crops 
lodged, and so did the two crops of grass 
which followed them, showing high fer¬ 
tilizing qualities, both immediate and last¬ 
ing. J. W. ADAMS. 
Massachusetts. 
TALKS WITH A LAWYER. 
Ditch Causing Overflow. 
I own eight acres of rich muck land 
which has been too wet for the last three 
years to produce any crop by reason of own¬ 
ers of land adjoihing and below not keeping 
outlet or main ditch open as they used to do. 
The land never used to overflow as long as 
ditch was taken care of. I would like to 
know If I can compel the owners of the 
land through which the ditch runs, which will 
be benefited by it to do their share of the 
work in cleaning ditch, or do I have to do 
It myself? b. s. 
If the owner below B. S. has not been 
the active cause of the filling in of the 
ditch, we do not see that any duty rests 
upon him to keep it open for the benefit 
of B. S. He would have no right to fill 
in the ditch or obstruct it in such a way 
as to throw the waters back upon the lands 
above, but beyond this it seems that he 
is under no obligation to keep the ditch 
open for the benefit of the owners of the 
land above. In such case the overflow 
is caused not by him, but by the process of 
nature, for which he is not responsible. 
Defective Land Transfer. 
A owned a farm of 51 acres; sold six acres 
to straighten line 30 years ago. A dies; 
wills farm to bis wife. She sells to B five 
years ago; makes a deed for 51 acres, the 
original lot of ground, to B, saying nothing 
about the six acres sold by her husband. B 
sells to C his farm of 51 acres, Ignorant of 
the six acres short, making deed as before 
from old original deed for 51 acres. C dis¬ 
covers by tracing lines on original deed that 
three and one-half acres were sold to one 
party and two and one-half acres to another. 
A’s wife made deed for 51 acres when she 
knew this land was sold. What can C do by 
law, having bought the farm fov 51 acres, 
holding deed for land some one else has 
fenced in? Also, what can (’ do if the record 
does not show these transfers for six acres? 
Neither of the parties lias any deed for the 
land, but say they can prove the transfer. 
G. N. K. 
If C received a full covenant and war¬ 
ranty deed, and the tract conveyed was 
six acres short, he could hold the grantor 
liable under the covenants contained in the 
deed. B, his grantor, could in like man¬ 
ner hold A responsible under the deed. 
If, however, A never gave a deed of the 
six acres, it may well be that C is entitled 
to take possession of it, inasmuch as it 
would be difficult for A’s grantee to estab¬ 
lish a title to the six acres in question. It 
does not appear whether the six acres are 
in C’s possession or have been held by A’s 
grantee for the 30 years. If the latter is 
the case, this grantee may have acquired a 
title by adverse possession. The first 
thing to ascertain is, whether a deed of 
the six acres was ever in fact given by A; 
if not, whether the six acres have been 
held adversely by the adjoining owner 
under the claim of title for 30 years. If 
it turns out that C has lost his right to the 
six acres either because of a conveyance, 
or because a title gained by adverse pos¬ 
session, then C should seek to hold his 
grantor liable for the value of the six 
acres under the deed warranting the title 
to him. 
Impassable Highways. 
IIow is the law concerning the supervisor's 
duty to keep roads open? If the snowdrifts 
are soft, so that it is dangerous to drive; 
cannot a traveler tear open the fences and 
go through the fields without liability for 
trespass? z. a. s. 
If the highway becomes impassable, by 
reason of snow or otherwise, the traveler 
may lawfully enter private property at 
the obstructed point in order to pass 
around the obstruction. In so doing he is 
not guilty of a trespass. He must not, 
however, make a greater use of private 
property for this purpose than is necessary 
to enable him to continue on his way. 
But to accomplish this he may lawfully 
open fences that bar his way without lia¬ 
bility on his part. 
“Johnnie, what is a grampus?” “That’s 
a little cat’s grandmother.”—Pennsylvania 
Punch Bowl. 
“If a millionaire was to offer you $100,- 
000 would you ask him if he made it 
honestly?” “No.” Would you question 
his morals?” “No.” “What would you 
do?” “I’d probably fall in a fit.”—Cleve¬ 
land Plain Dealer. 
For the land’s sake, use Bowker’s Fer¬ 
tilizers. They enrich the earth.— Adi'. 
THE PAPEG 
PNEUMATIC 
Ensilage Gutter 
will prepare you a better silatre and All your 
silo In less time, with less power unci with less 
trouble to you than any other blower ensilage 
cutter made. 
It is the most convenient and the easiest to 
operate. It never clogs, never gets out of 
order, never disappoints. Wo guarantee every 
machine to bo perfect and to do the work 
claimed for it. 
If you need an ensilage cutter you need a 
Papec. Send for catalog giving full particulars. 
Papec Machine Co., Box 10, Lima, N. Y. 
BALES 15 IVay HAY 
Our largo feed opening makes it easy for the man 
to get in the largest possible charge. Our power- 
head, with its 9-ineh trip lever arms utilizes every 
pound of tho horse's strength. Our quick rebound¬ 
ing plunger allows two charges to each circle of tho 
team. How with these and many other points 
in tho construction and easy operation of our 
Gem and Victor presses wo bale 15, 18 or even 
20 tons a day, is fully described in our Hay 
Press book. Say Hay Press on a postal with 
your address and we'll gladly mail it with no 
obligation on -}g years’ experience back of 
L yourpa rt / our machines. 
(P-Trte 
Quincy, ill. 
Positive cure for all hog disease 
Pratts Hog Cholera Cure. 
Made by Pratt Food Co., Phila. Over 30 years old. 
" The ‘Recollection of Quality Remains Long SJfter the Trice is Forgotten ." 
Trade Mark Registered. 
“Old Friend Tools” 
Every man feels a certain pleasure in the use of good 
tools. He knows that he can depend upon them to do their 
work and do it well. In time a man will become attached 
to a good tool as to an old friend, so in sympathy do they 
seem to become. 
Keen Kutter Tools are the kind of tools that become old 
friends. They are the dependable, long-service kind. 
There is neither economy or satisfaction in using poor 
tools, they are brittle and break easily, or they are soft and 
require constant sharpening, and they finally have to be 
discarded long before good tools would be worn out. 
There is economy and satisfaction in buying Keen Kutter 
Tools because every Keen Kutter Tool is the best that Lraius, 
money aud skill can produce. 
Keen Kutter Tools have been the statulard of America 
for 36 years and were awarded the Grand Prize at the St. 
Louis Exposition, the only prize of the kind ever given to a 
complete line of tools. The name Keen Kutter covers a 
complete line of tools so that you may buy any kind of tool 
with assurance of absolute satisfaction. 
When, for instance, you buy a bit be sure to get one 
bearing the Keen Kutter name. Made in all leading pat¬ 
terns, highest quality of steel, finest finish aud with long 
cutting lips, insuring long life. 
Some of the other kinds of Keen Kutter Tools are: 
Axes, Adzes, Hammers, Hatchets, Chisels, Screw Drivers, 
Auger Bits, Files, Planes, Draw Knives, Saws, Tool Cabinets, 
Scythes, Hay Knives, Grass Hooks, Brush Hooks, Corn 
Knives, Eye Hoes, Trowels, Pruning Shears, Tinners’ Snips, 
Scissors, Shears, Hair Clippers, Horse Shears, Razors, etc., 
and knives of all kinds. 
If your dealer does not keep Keen Kutter Tools, write us and we 
will see that you are supplied. 
SIMMONS HARDWARE COMPANY, 
St. Louis. U. S. A. 298 Broadway. New York. 
