5l2 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
July 1, 
CONTENTS. 
The Rusal New Yobkek, July 1, 1905. 
FARM TOPICS. 
Nitro-Culture Not Needed .501, 502 
Some Problems with Alfalfa . 502 
Effect of Lime Upon Crops . 502 
How Alfalfa Hunts Water . 503 
Questions About Onion Sets. 504 
A Woman’s Farm Notes .. 505 
Reseeding to Crimson Clover. 505 
Hound or Square Silo . 505 
Hope Farm Notes . 507 
Crop Prospects . 509 
German Potato Culture . 509 
LIVE STOCK AND DAIRY. 
Breeding and Care of Colts. 501 
Selling Dairy Products. 502 
Sorghum for Horse Feed . 502 
Bad Outlook for Fat Cattle. 514 
Horse-Breeding Notes. 514 
Ailing Hens .. • 514 
The New Milk Law . 515 
Canadian Dairy Standards . 515 
Preserving Eggs in Barrel . 515 
Drainage From a Horse Barn . 515 
HORTICULTURE. 
Notes on the Cranberry Business... 
Public Spraying in Canada . 
Potash; Fertilizing Young Trees ... 
Spraying With Compressed Air . 
The Home of Big Strawberries . 
An Orchard Problem . 
Poison for Striped Melon Bugs. 
Cause of Double-Flowered Blackberrie 
Notes From the Rural Grounds. 
Prospects for Cultivated Ginseng . . . 
Fruit Prospects in Massachusetts ... 
WOMAN AND HOME. 
From Day to Day . 510 
Canning Vegetables . 510 
A Bachelor’s Cosy. 510 
'The Rural Patterns . 510 
Cocoanut Fat for Cooking . 511 
Home Dressmaking Hints. 511 
A Homemade Down Quilt. 511 
MISCELLANEOUS. 
A Convenient Bathroom . 502 
Investigation of Iron and Steel . 503 
Editorials. 508 
Events of the Week .. 509 
Publisher's Desk . 513 
Products, Prices and Trade . 513 
Humorous. 516 
503 
503 
503 
504 
504 
505 
505 
506 
509 
509 
MARKETS 
Prices current at New York during week 
ending June 23, wholesale except otherwise 
noted. The prices of grain, butter, cheese 
and eggs are based on the official figures of 
the Produce and Mercantile Exchanges, with 
such revision as outside deals noted appear 
to warrant. Prices of other products are 
from reports of dealers, inquiries and obser¬ 
vation of sales in 1 He various market sec¬ 
tions. Where possible these figures are the 
average of several sales. 
GRAIN. 
Wheat. No. 1, Northern Duluth — to 1.18% 
No. 2, red. new. — @1.06% 
No. 3, Northern Manitoba.. — @1.01 
Corn, No. 2, mixed. — @ 62% 
Oats, mixed . — @ 35 
Rye .’. — @ 66 
Barley . —• @ 48 
FEED. 
Wholesale at New York.. 
City bran . — @19.50 
Middlings .21.00 @21.50 
Red dog . — @22.50 
Linseed meal . — @30.00 
Cotton-seed meal . — @26.00 
Retail Western New York. 
Spring bran .21.00 @23.00 
Middlings .24.00 @26.00 
Red dog .25.00 @27.00 
Corn and oats.25.00 @27.00 
Linseed meal . — @35.00 
HAY AND STRAW. 
Prices given are for large bales. Small 
bales 50 cents to .$1 per ton less. 
Hay. prime . —• @ 82% 
No. 1 . 75 @ 80 
No. 2 . 65 @ 70 
No. 3 . 55 @ 60 
Clover and clover mixed.... 50 (a 55 
Straw, long rye. 70 @ 75 
Short and oat. 40 @ 60 
MILK. 
New York Exchange price $1.11 per 40- 
quart can. netting two cents per quart to 
shippers in 26-cent freight zone where there 
are no additional station charges. 
BUTTER. 
Creamery, extras, lb. 
20 %@ 
— 
Firsts . 
19% @ 
20 
Seconds . 
18 
@ 
19 
Thirds . 
17 
@ 
17% 
State dairy, half-tubs, extras. . 
19% @ 
20 
Tubs, firsts . 
1 8 % @ 
19 
Tubs, seconds . 
Western imitation creamery, 
17 
@ 
18 
extras . 
18 
@ 
19 
Firsts . 
10 
@ 
17 
Western factory, firsts. 
15 % @ 
16 
Seconds . 
14% @ 
15 
Lower grades . 
13% @ 
14 
Renovated, extras . 
— @ 
17 
Firsts . 
15% @ 
16% 
Packing stock, No. 1. 
15 
@ 
15 % 
No. 2 . 
14 
@ 
14% 
EGGS. 
Fancy, selected, white. 20 @ 
Fresh gathered, white, choice. 19 @ 
Fresh gathered, extra mixed.. 18%@ 
Fresh gathered, good to choice 17 @ 
Western, choice to fancy.... 17 @ 
Western, average best. 15% @ 
Western, com. to fair. 14 @ 
Western, poor to fair. 11 @ 
Kentucky, fresh gathered. 13 @ 
Tennessee and other S’n. 13 @ 
Southern, poor to fair. 10 @ 
CHEESE. 
Full cream, small, fine. 9% 
Small, fair to choice. 8%; @ 
Light skims, choice. 7Yt @ 
Part skims, prime. 0% @ 
Full skims . 1 @ 
21 
19% 
19 
18 
17% 
16 
15 
13 
14% 
14 
12 % 
9 Vi 
7% 
6 % 
DRIED FRUITS. 
Apples, evaporated, fancy.... 7 @ — 
Evaporated, choice . 6 @ 6% 
Evaporated, com. to good... 4%@ 4% 
Sun dried, Can., quarters... 3%@ 4% 
Sun dried, Ohio . 2 % @ 3 
Chops, 100 lbs.1.40 @1.50 
Cores and skins. 100 lbs.... 90 @1.00 
Raspberries, 1904, per lb. 23 @ 24 
Huckleberries, 1904 . 10 @ 11 
Blackberries, 1904 . 7 @ 7% 
Cherries, 1904 . 13% @ — 
FRESH FRUITS. 
Apples, Spy, bbl.3.00 @6.00 
Baldwin . 3.00 @3.75 
Russet, Roxbury .3.00 @3.75 
Russet, Golden .3.00 @3.50 
No. 2 stock .1.50 @2.50 
Plums, Georgia, carrier. 75 @1.25 
Peaches, Fla. & Ga. 24-qt. carl.00 @2.00 
Cherries, Up-river, 8-ll>. basket 25 @ 50 
Strawberries, Md. & Del., qt.. 3 @ 7 
South Jersey . 3 @ 9 
Hilton & Irvington, fancy.. 10 @ 16 
Upper Jersey, poor to prime 3 @ 8 
Staten Island, quart. 6 @14 
Up-river, quart . 6 @ 13 
Western N. Y. 13 @ 14 
Blackberries, N. ('., quart. ... 5 @ 8 
Delaware and Maryland.... 7 (a 10 
Raspberries, red. pint. 5 @ 7 
Black caps, pint. 4 @ 6 
Huckleberries, N. C., quart.. . 9 @ 14 
Gooseberries, quart .. 5 @ 6 
Currants, cherry, lb. 10 @ 12 
Muskmelons, Fla., bu. crate.. 25 @1.50 
Georgia, crate . 50 @1.75 
Watermelons, Florida, 100. ..18.00 (a 40.00 
Florida, carload ..125.00 @275.00 
HOI’S. 
Choice . 27 @ 29 
Medium to prime. 24 @ 26 
Ordinary . 22 @ 23 
Olds . 10 @ 12 
German crop . 50 @ 60 
VEGETABLES. 
Potatoes, Rose, No. 1, bbl.... 1.00 @1.50 
South’ll, Chili white. No. 1... 75 @1.12 
Southern, Chili red, No. 1.. 75 @1.00 
Southern, seconds. 50 @ 60 
Southern, culls . 40 @ 50 
Old, iu bulk, 180 lbs. 75 @1.00 
Asparagus, Colossal, doz.1.75 @2.25 
Extra prime.1.50 @1.75 
Prime .100 @1.25 
Culls . 50 @ 75 
Beets. L. I., 100 bunches.1.50 @2.00 
Carrots, old, bbl.1.50 @2.25 
Long Island. 100 bunches. -.1.00 @2.00 
Cabbage, Norfolk, bbl. 15 @ 50 
Eastern Shore, bbl. or crate 50 @ 75 
Cauliflowers, hothouse, doz. .. 75 @1.50 
Cucumbers, Southern, bu. 75 @1.25 
Corn, Southern, 100.1.00 @2.00 
Celery, State and W’n, doz... 20 @ 90 
Egg plants, Florida, bu. ......1.00 @2.00 
Lettuce .nearby, bbl. 50 0/1.00 
Mushrooms, lb. 10 @ 75 
Mint, 100 bunches.1.00 @3.00 
Onions, Southern, white, bu... 75 @1.00 
•l X-1 , n line, ... . • ■ ■ ■■■ > 
Oyster plants, 100 bunches...2.00 @3.00 
Parsnips, bbl.1.00 @ — 
Peppers.. Fla.. 24-qt. carrier.. 1.00 @1.50 
Peas, Jersey, Telephone, bu... 75 @1.25 
Jersey. June . 50 @ 75 
Long Island . 50 @ 60 
Radishes, nearby, 100 bunches 50 @ — 
String beans, N. C.. bu. 10 @ 50 
Norfolk, wax, half-bid. 10 @ 50 
Norfolk, green, half-bbl. 25 @ 65 
Jersey, wax .1.12 @1.50 
Jersey, green .1.25 @1.50 
Spinach, nearby, bbl. 30 @ 50 
Squash, marrow, new, bbl.... 75 @1.25 
Southern, white, bbl.1.50 @2.25 
Yellow, crook-neck. bbl... 1.50 @2.50 
'Turnips, ruta baga, bbl.1.00 @1.75 
White. 100 bunches. 1.00 @ — 
Tomatoes, Fla., carrier.. 50 @ 75 
Savannah, 24-qt carrier... .1.00 @1.75 
North Carolina and Virginia 75 @1.25 
LIVE POULTRY. 
Spring chickens, Western, 11). . — @22 
Southern . — @ 20 
Fowls, Western . — @ 13 
Turkeys, old. lb..... — @ 13 
Ducks. Western, average, pair. 70 (a 80 
Southern, average, pair..... 00 ffl 65 
Geese, Western, average, pair. 1.00 @1.25 
Southern, average, pair. —1.00 
Live pigeons, pair. — @ 25 
DRESSED POULTRY. 
Turkeys, W’n. average best... 
Western, mixed, fair to good 
Western, poor . 
Chickens. Pliila. broilers, 3 to 
4 lbs. to pair, lb. 
17 % @ — 
I ’ennsyl vania 
W’n, broilers 
broilers. 
dry picked... 
W’n, broilers, scalded, 3 lbs. 
and over to pair lb... 
W’n. broilers, under 3 lbs. to 
pair . 
Southern, broilers, scalded.. 
Fowls. Western, medium size. 
Western, heavy weights.... 
Fowls & chickens, poor to fair 
Spring ducks, lb. 
Squabs, prime, large, white, 
dozen . : 
Mixed 
Dark 
Bulls 
15 
@ 
16 
13 
@ 
14 
30 
@ 
40 
28 
@ 
30 
• >;> 
@ 
25 
23 
@ 
— 
18 
@ 
22 
16 
@ 
IS 
— 
@ 
12% 
12 
@ 
12% 
10 
@ 
12 
17 
@ 
18 
.50 @2.75 
.12 @2.25 
Culls 
Sheep 
Lambs 
Hogs 
@1.62 
LIVE STOCK. 
> steers 
.7.00 
@7.65 
fn l 10 
.1.70 
(a 3.25 
.4.50 
(a 7.25 
g 
(ii 7.25 
.2,50 
@ 7.50 
@5.90 
TOBACCO. 
Connecticut broadleaf tillers.. 5 @ 10 
Seconds . 25 @ 35 
Fine wrappers. 60 @ 70 
N. Y. State fillers. 3 @ 5 
Average running lots. 5 @12 
Pennsylvania broadleaf Bs.... 13 @ 14 
Va. shipping com. lgs. 6 @ 6% 
Com. to med. leaf. 7%@ 8% 
Med. to good leaf. 9 @ 10 
Good to fine leaf. 11 %@ 12 % 
Louisville hurley com. lugs... 10 @ 11 Vi 
Med. to good lugs. 11%@ 13% 
Com. to good leaf. 10 @ 15% 
FARM CHEMICALS. 
Prices given are for ton lots. Single bag 
lots 10 to 25 per cent higher. Nitrate of 
soda scarce and temporarily high. 
Nitrate of soda. — 53.00 
Muriate of potash. — @43.00 
Acid phosphate . •— @13/10 
Kainit . — @12.50 
Dried blood . — @48.00 
Copper sulphate, bbl. lots. lb. — @ 5% 
Sulphur in bbl. lots, lb. —- @ 2% 
The Value of Leached Ashes. 
II. II. D., Midland, Mich .—On page 455 I 
note an artice on the fertility of the land 
that appeals to me as being one of the best 
articles on the subject that 1 have ever seen. 
I have used more than one thousand tons of 
hard-wood ashes, but I have proved again 
and again that leached ashes on my land are 
superior to the unleaclied. I presume the 
reason for this is that my land is lacking in 
lime and not lacking in potash. I have 
proved this so many times that there is no 
doubt about a large amount of potash in un- 
leaehed ashes being detrimental to my land, 
although a small amount in the leached ashes 
has produced no ill effed, and it may be de¬ 
cidedly beneficial. „ In any case, the combina¬ 
tion of lime, phosphates and small amounts 
of potash in leached ashes will increase a 
clover crop in some cases more than two tons 
to the acre, whereas unleached ashes will 
not do so. 
Ans.— We liave never heard of just 
such a case before. A fair comparison of 
leached and unleached ashes is given as 
follows: 
Pounds in one ton. 
Phosphoric 
Lime. Potash. Acid. 
Unleaclied ashes. 650 100 32 
Leached ashes. 560 14 16 
As all understand, “leaching” means 
soaking water through the ashes so that 
most of the potash and part of the phos¬ 
phoric acid is soaked or leached out. The 
leached ashes contain more water than 
the unleached. We have not heard of a 
case before where leached ashes have 
proved superior. 
Farm Help Wanted. 
IT. IT. Ii,, lloanolcc, Va .—I noticed that 
through your columns farm hands had been 
secured direct from the immigrant associa¬ 
tion. I would like to hire two youths, or 
young men, for general farm work; must 
be large enough <o plow with “big plow,” 
sober and industrious. I would prefer youths 
17 or 18 years old, who want to make farm¬ 
ers of themselves. 
Ans.— There is a free labor bureau in 
this city conducted by various immigrant 
aid societies. The object of the bureau is 
to find work for deserving foreigners. We 
have obtained help there,' both ^-ood and 
inferior. You can address W. H. Meara, 
Free Labor Bureau, Battery Park, New 
York. You will have to advance the 
money for railroad tickets, your security 
being the checks for baggage. Hands are 
demanding high wages, and will not be 
likely to consider any inducement beyond 
the money they can make. 
Making a Cellar Water-Tight. 
E. /’. /’., Worcester Co., Mass .—I have a 
cellar with nine-inch walls of crushed rock 
and cement that was not put in right, and 
it is porous. We have lined it with one 
part cement to three sand wash one to 
three inches thick, and still it is somewhat 
porous. What shall we do to make it water¬ 
proof? Would painting with coal tar when 
the wails are dry fill up the pores? Would 
several applications of thin mixture of clear 
cement and water with a whitewash brush 
be of any use? 
Ans. —If E. P. P. used good cement it 
would seem that it ought to be watertight. 
Atmospheric moisture condensing upon 
the walls under certain conditions is some¬ 
times attributed to porosity. It is usually 
not very difficult to keep a cellar dry by 
cementing, provided the outside water 
pressure does not, in places, cause break¬ 
age. There is the great difficulty. For 
porosity, as is indicated, I would take vul¬ 
canite cement (or any other good brand 
of Portland) and make a paint by the ad¬ 
dition of water, and brush on as suggest¬ 
ed. Apply two coats, and do it when 
water is not seeping through the walls. 
Coal tar might be effective, but I think it 
would not be suitable for a cellar on ac¬ 
count of odor. G. DAVIS. 
When you write advertisers mention The 
R. N.-l r . a»d you’ll get a quick reply and 
“a square deal.” See guarantee, page 8. 
DCAnV WnVA/ 250 bushels 1905 crop CRIMSON 
nCAUl HUVT. CLOVER SEEDS, Delaware 
grown. No weeds. E. G. PACKARD. Dover, Del. 
IMPROVED LARGE ENGLISH BERKSHIRES. 
PENNA. BERKSHIRE CO., Fauuettsburg, Pa. 
AYRSHIRE BULLS, COWS AND HEIFERS. 
As 1 am over stocked, I will sell four Bulls from 
one year old down to six weeks old: all from the be»t 
Dairy Stock in America with long teats. Also two 
fine Heifer Calves and two Cows. 1 can furnish pairs 
not related. Address, C. E. HATCH, V. S., Gaines¬ 
ville, Wyoming County, N. V. 
When you write advertisers mention The 
R. N.-Y. and you’ll get a quick reply and 
“a square deal.” See guarantee, page 8. 
OLDS 
ENGINE 
/fSwTZARU 
ENCMC 
WITH 
PUMP 
LJACKj 
ARE USED 
BY THE 
u. s. 
GOVERN¬ 
MENT 
Insending outthelrlast specifications for 
gasoline engines for West Point, the U. S. 
War Department required them “to be 
Olds Engines or equal.” They excel all 
others or the U.S. Government would not de¬ 
mand them. 
It requires no experience to run them, and 
Repairs Practically Cost Nothing. 
Send for catalogue of our Wizard Engine, 2 
to 8H. P. ( Jump spark ignition, same as in 
the famous Oldsmobile) the most economical 
small power engine made; fitted with either 
pump-jack or direct-connected pump; suit- 
ble for all kinds of work; or our general 
catalog showing all sizes. 
OLDS 
GASOLINE ENGINE 
WORKS, 
Lansing, Mich. 
New York Agents: R. H. Deyo & Co. Binghamton,N.Y 
CAPITAL 
GAS & GASOLINE 
ENGINES 
We will sell a 
sample 3L H. P. 
engine at half 
price. 
C. H.A. Dissinger & 
400 Cherry Street 
AVriglitsville, Penult. 
THE 
COLUMBUS 
Gas amt Gasoline 
Engines. 
Simple, effective, 
easily started and 
adjusted. 
Columbus Machine Co. 
Columbus, Ohio. 
Send for catalogue 
No. 62. 
PALMER GASOLINE ENGINES 
Three Horse Power, $ 100.00 
Five Horse Power, §5160.00 
Wood Sawing Outfits on 
Wheels 
Thr e Horse Power, $200.00 
Five Horse Power, $260.00 
Send for Catalog. 
PALMER BROS. 
Cos Cob , Conn. 
To Cas Engine Operator* 
Dynamo Ignition. 
Motsinger Auto-Sparker 
No battery to start or run. The original 
•eed-controlled friction-drive Dynamo. 
Driven parallel with engine shaft. No 
bolts. No hoveled pulley or beveled 
fly wheel nocessary. For make and 
break and jump-spark system. Water 
and dust proof. Fully Guarantxkd. 
MOTSINGER DEVICE MFG. C0.,< 
58 Main Street, Pendleton, Iud., U.S.A. 
POPULAR ENGINE AT 
THE RIGHT PRICE. 
Our 3*H.P.“ BEAT ’EM ALL” 
Pumper, only $110. Our 3 Hi to 4- 
H.P. "WATERLOO BOY” 
only $125. Write for illus¬ 
trated catalogue. 
Waterloo Gasoline 
Engine Co. 
Waterloo, ... Iowa. 
WANTED 
HAY AND STRAW 
WRITE FOR QUOTATIONS. 
F. D. HEWITT, 120 Liberty St., N. Y. 
AGENTS 
WANTED to sell our fill 
For particulars write \ll IIS 
Nat. Silo & Lumber Co. *»*■■“*# 
18 Pymatuning St., Linesville, Pa. 
5,000 MONEY-MAKING FARMS for sale through¬ 
out New England and the South; “Strout's Spring 
List,” describing and illustrating hundreds, many 
with stock, tools and growing crops included, mailed 
FREE. E. A. STROUT, Farm Dept. 42, 150 Nassau 
St., New York City, or Tremont Temple, Boston. 
ATTENTION KS 
favor us with your orders. Mail orders a Specialty 
I. HKKZ, Geill. Mgr., 99Montgonieiy St., Jersey City,N. J 
FOR SALE 
-An excellent Fruit and Grain Farm, 
Seneca Lake, near Station; 15 minutes 
from Geneva. Thirty acres fruit; good buildings; 
trout brook; $7,500, worth $10,000. Send 4c. for bul¬ 
letin. 500 farm bargains; New York State. Mention 
this paper. Johnston Real Estate Co., Rochester, N.Y. 
W ANTFn _Dairynlan an<1 Luttermaker for modern 
YY n'l I LU private dairy, good milker, etc.; single. 
Apply giving full particulars to MANAGER HIGH¬ 
LAND FARM, Noroton Heights, Conn. 
