1905. 
649 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
GREENHOUSE WORK IN SEPTEMBER 
Fall Propagation. —The month of Sep¬ 
tember brings ns to a busy period in the 
work of the greenhouse, for there are 
many things that should be attended to 
before this month closes. Cuttings should 
be taken from some of the tender bed¬ 
ding plants before there is any danger of 
frost, and if the space in the greenhouse 
is not quite ready for such use, many 
such cuttings may be put in shallow boxes 
of sandy soil and placed in a cold frame, 
where they may he temporarily protected 
from the weather. Among the plants that 
may be treated in this manner are the 
Alternantheras. those brightly-colored fol¬ 
iage plants that are so largely used in 
formal beds. These cuttings may be kept 
in a partly shaded frame until the wea¬ 
ther becomes promising for frost, and the 
boxes should then be brought into the 
greenhouse, where they may remain with¬ 
out potting until toward Spring. This 
method produces better stock than the 
practice of lifting the old plants from 
the garden in the Fall, and then divid¬ 
ing them in the Spring. Cuttings of 
Coleus taken at this time will root in a 
few days, and will give the grower more 
satisfaction as stock plants than to keep 
over the old plants, but it must be re¬ 
membered that both Alternanthera and 
Coleus are tender plants, and should be 
given a place at the warm end of the 
greenhouse. Some Abutilons, Acalypha 
and heliotrope should be lifted from the 
ground, pruned back quite severely, and 
then potted into five-inch or six-inch 
pots, these cut-back plants requiring but 
little water until they start to grow again. 
Some geranium cuttings should also be 
taken, and these should have most of 
their foliage cut off. and then may be pot¬ 
ted at once into small pots and kept mod¬ 
erately dry, and in a few weeks will be 
nicely rooted. It will doubtless be neces¬ 
sary to lift some of the old plants of the 
geraniums also, in order to provide an 
abundance of cuttings in the Spring, but 
this may he deferred until somewhat later, 
when they should be potted into small 
pots and placed beneath the greenhouse 
benches until they are needed. 
Freesias are among the useful bulbs 
for Winter forcing, and these are started 
into growth in either pots or shallow 
boxes; as the bulbs are small they should 
be planted rather closely and only buried 
just beneath the surface of the soil. But 
Freesias will not endure rapid forcing, 
and they should therefore be planted early 
and placed in a cold frame, where they 
can be kept moist and induced to make 
a slow' but steady grow-th, being brought 
into the greenhouse before severe weather 
sets in. 
Lilies. —Some of the early Easter lily 
bulbs may be had during this month, and 
from the fact that these bulbs are not im¬ 
proved by a long exposure to the air, it 
is best to pot them up as soon as they 
are received from the dealer, although it 
will not be necessary to start the Easter 
crop very early this season, for that glad 
festival in 1906 will be dated April 15. 
Bulbs of the Easter lilies are sorted into 
several sizes by the dealers, and many 
growers favor the smaller sizes of bulbs 
for early forcing; for example, those 
measuring five to seven inches in circum¬ 
ference, while the main Easter crop is 
largely composed of seven to nine-inch 
bulbs, and those who desire extra size 
specimens will grow r the extra-sized, or 
nine to 11-inch bulbs, these last being 
much more costly in proportion than are 
the lower sizes. It is a question in dis¬ 
pute among growers as to whether the 
lilies should be potted at once into the 
pots in which they are to flow'er, or 
whether they should be placed in four- 
inch pots at first, and then repotted into 
larger pots in the early Spring, the latter 
method being very largely practiced of 
late years, and having the advantage of 
saving space in the early stages of the 
operation. But in either case these bulbs 
should be potted in rich soil, but without 
fresh manure, the latter sometimes caus¬ 
ing decay of the bulbs. 
The Carnations should be nicely estab¬ 
lished in the greenhouse bench by this 
time, and will soon require supporting by 
wire stakes or one of the many devices 
for this purpose, for the flower stems 
must be kept straight and upright in order 
to produce a quality that will satisfy a 
critical buyer. 
Violets —This being attended to, it 
will soon be time to lift the violets from 
the field and to transplant them to their 
Winter quarters, the beds having been re¬ 
newed to a depth of several inches with 
new' soil, and the walls and other rough 
woodwork cleansed by a good coat of 
whitewash. If the weather is bright and 
dry at the time the violets are transplant¬ 
ed it is a good plan to syringe them once 
or twice a day to keep them from wilting, 
but do not keep them in a close atmos¬ 
phere, plentiful ventilation being required 
both day and night, and it is not well to 
syringe them very late in the afternoon, 
for too much moisture on the foliage at 
night may encourage an attack of “spot” 
or somg other fungoid disease. The saf¬ 
est soil to use for the violets is rotted sod 
mixed with one-fifth of well-rotted stable 
manure, and some growers add a small 
proportion of bone dust and wood ashes 
as an additional fertilizer. 
Pot-grown Roses are always in demand 
in the Spring, both of the ever-blooming 
kinds and the Hybrid Remontants, or 
June roses, as they are commonly known, 
and then there are great quantities of 
Crimson Rambler that are forced into 
bloom for Easter. To get the best results 
from these roses the growth should be 
well-ripened and the wood plump and 
firm. While there are thousands of field- 
grown roses that are lifted before frost, 
potted up into six-inch pots and stored in 
a frame or cold greenhouse until the time 
comes to start them into growth, then 
given 10 to 12 weeks’ forcing in a mod¬ 
erate temperature, and find ready sale, yet 
the finest Ramblers and other hardy roses 
that are seen about Easter in our large 
cities are those that have been grown in 
pots for some months at least. Of course 
it costs more to produce these extra fine 
plants, and unless the market will justify 
the extra cost it may be wise to stick to 
the field-grown product. But further hints 
regarding the handling of these pot roses 
may be given at some future time, and at 
this season we would better look to some 
of the needs of the roses that are being 
forced for Winter flowers. These last 
will need more care in ventilation as the 
nights grow cool, for there is always 
some liability to attacks of mildew at this 
season, and even though the foliage does 
not show much of this fungus, it is wise 
to dust the plants over occasionally with 
sulphur. The watering should also be 
done in the morning rather than the after¬ 
noon. thus allowing the foliage to dry off 
before night. w. h. taplin. 
Burbank’s Plums. —On page 534 I notice 
an article on Burbank's fruits, especially re¬ 
lating to Japan plums. A. M. Mettetal, of 
this place, has a small orchard of Japans, 
consisting of Abundauee, Burbank. Gold, 
Early Gold and Early June. Trees been plant¬ 
ed three years. This year every tree had a 
full crop, the fullest crop that I have ever 
seen on trees. In quality the Burbank and 
Early Gold were fine, and also one other that 
he calls Transparent. Abundance. Early June 
and -Gold were poor to medium in quality, ac¬ 
cording to my taste, but they all sold at high 
prices, above any native plums on the mar¬ 
ket, and In preference to California plums. I 
have in my town garden one Wiekson, one 
Gold, and two names lost, but very similar to 
what Mr. Mettetal calls Transparent. The 
Wiekson was reasonably full, also the Gold. 
The others had a few plums; trees third year. 
Never any signs of winter-killing; mercury 
occasionally goes below zero, our elevation 
being 1,650 feet. East Winter was coldest 
Winter known here in many years, but not a 
sign of winter-killing in any of these trees, 
though one grapevine and one small peach 
tree froze for me. The Wiekson were the fin¬ 
est plums in size and quality I have ever 
eaten; so everyone said who ate them. I 
attribute Mr. Mettetal's full crop to his or¬ 
chard being much higher than mine, and es¬ 
caping the danger of early frosts; also his 
trees are headed very close to the ground and 
pruned low, so that the heat from the ground 
keeps the buds from freezing. One trouble 
with these plums, and all others here, as well 
as peaches, is the late frosts catching the 
bloom. This year we had heavy frosts after 
the trees were in full bloom. None of these 
trees was sprayed. In light of these facts I 
consider these plums a success here. 
Johnson City, Tenn. e. e. e. 
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We liave learned something in 65 years 
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