1905. 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
7o7 
MANCHESTER'S DAIRY NOTES. 
Scours in Calves; Hard-wood Ashes. 
I am feeding my calves warm separated 
milk, just as soon as it is run through, and 
they have the scours very badly. What can 
I do for them? What are hard-wood ashes 
worth for top-dressing for newly seeded mea¬ 
dow ? s. 
Tupper Lake, N. Y. 
Perhaps you arc overfeeding the calves, 
as this is a frequent cause of this trouble. 
Overfeeding is fully as harmful as under¬ 
feeding, as they arc unable to take care 
of so much food and indigestion results. 
Keep the calf pails clean, especially in hot 
weather. Feeding from dirty pails will 
scour the calves. I have heard of calves 
scouring when fed warm separator milk 
which was very frothy, as quickly drink¬ 
ing this full of air seemed to get too much 
air in the stomach. Scraping this off 
avoided the trouble. Hard-wood ashes 
are good for top-dressing, and the lime 
especially good for the soil, sweetening it, 
being very beneficial where clover is 
grown. They are valuable for the potash 
and the lime, and contain a little phos¬ 
phoric acid. The average analysis is 
about six per cent potash and two per 
cent phosphoric acid. They are worth $6 
to $8 per ton, depending upon quality and 
distance they must be hauled. 
Ration for Milch Cow. 
Please advise as to ration for a Jersey 
cow. The main object is the largest quan¬ 
tity of milk; weight of cow about 700 pounds. 
We have Alfalfa hay (also a small quantity 
of green Alfalfa), light and heavy bran 
(heavy bran has more flour), cornineal, lin¬ 
seed and cotton-seed meals. Not an economi¬ 
cal ration, but much milk desired. b. s. 
Redlands, Cal. 
Almost all the feeds you mention are 
rich in protein, so cornmeal and a ration 
made up of these will be apt to be too 
narrow; that is, not a sufficient amount 
of carbohydrates to balance it. Alfalfa 
alone is almost as good as wheat bran, 
and when one has plenty of that very lit¬ 
tle grain should be needed. I should, 
however, try a mixture of equal parts 
cornmeal. bran and linseed, feeding five 
or six pounds to cow in full flow of milk, 
beside what Alfalfa she would eat clean. 
This will not be a strictly balanced ra¬ 
tion, but ought to make milk. When 
feeding the green Alfalfa we should cut 
out the grain and a little cornmeal. 
Breeding for Cream. 
What breed of bull is best to breed up a 
herd of better creamers from Ayrshire cows? 
New York. k. 
To raise better butter cows we should 
use either a Jersey or Guernsey sire se¬ 
lected from a good family. It will prob¬ 
ably be easier to get such from the Jer¬ 
seys at a more reasonable price as they 
are more plentiful. Get a purebred ani¬ 
mal whose dam was or is a good, per¬ 
sistent milker, and whose milk is rich 
in butter fat. As has often been said, a 
good bull is half the herd, and a poor 
bull much more than half the herd, so 
take considerable care in selecting your 
bull. A good many crosses inherit the 
poor qualities of both parents, and none 
of their good ones. If you can find a 
good butter-producing family of Ayr- 
shires, and 1 believe there are such, it 
might be well to select a bull to head 
your herd from such a family, as it 
seems easier to make improvement in the 
same breed rather than by crossing. 
Raising a Sucking Calf. 
Will you tell me how to rear a calf which 
has been sucking the dam since It was born? 
I bought cow and calf four weeks ago, and 
as the dam is a fine cow and the calf gives 
promise of making a fine cow I would like 
to raise it. I)o you think I could get it to 
take milk from a calf feeder? w. c. v. 
Annar.dale. N. J. 
I should not want a calf that 1 was 
to raise to suck its dam for four weeks, 
as it would be apt to be too fat, and 
well on the way to a veal calf. If not 
too fat now to raise it can readily be 
broken to use a calf feeder. Skitn-milk 
should be used in place of whole milk, 
making the change gradually. Calf feed¬ 
ers should be kept very clean, and this 
requires care, as they are apt to be found 
dirty and filthy. We have heard objec¬ 
tions to the use of feeders that the heifers 
would be suckers, but we have not been 
troubled in this manner. If you have not 
a feeder the calf can be taught to drink 
from the pail. This requires a little more 
tact and patience, but gives about as good 
results. H. G. MANCHESTER. 
COTTON SEED MEAL FOR DAIRY 
COWS. 
When fed by a careful feeder cotton¬ 
seed meal is one of the best milk produc¬ 
ing feeds and is at current prices of feed 
stuff perhaps the cheapest source to get 
protein. Fed in connection with other 
grain feeds, such as wheat bran, corncob 
or cornmeal, it should be fed with a small 
vessel, holding about what you desire to 
feed each cow. I do not advise feeding 
over two pounds at a feed, and perhaps 
less, say one or V /2 pound. This should 
be carefully measured and fed on top of 
other grain feeds. I find two pounds cot¬ 
ton-seed meal fed as above, with two to 
six pounds wheat bran per day, two feeds, 
with cows on pasture, gives excellent re¬ 
sults, keeps the cow in good condition and 
increases the flow of milk. Unless the 
pasture is very good, in this case, I know 
of no feed that will produce more or bet¬ 
ter milk than clover, Timothy and Blue 
grass mixed pasture alone, but with 
grain feed and pasture the cows do not 
consume so much grass. On most farms 
pasture grass is cheaper than grain; thus 
the pasture grass will produce milk at less 
cost than grain and pasture. 
In my practice keeping my farm 
stocked to its full capacity, I feed some 
grain every day in the year. When pas¬ 
ture is abundant, 1 think the only benefit 
in feeding grain is to get the cows to 
come to the stable and keep them content¬ 
ed. As we are compelled to feed grain 
part of the time, to stop altogether throws 
the cows out of fix, and it takes several 
days or even weeks for them to get over 
it. The objection to cotton-seed meal and 
all highly nitrogenous feeds is that when 
fed too much it has a tendency to cause 
garget or congestion of the milk secret¬ 
ing organs. To summarize, cotton-seed 
meal is a cheap'source of protein feed, 
but we should not feed over four pounds 
per day. Clover, Timothy and Blue grass 
pasture is the cheapest and best feed for 
dairy cows. The object in feeding grain 
in .Summer is to make the cows come to 
stable, go to stalls and remain quietly, and 
to supplement the pasture. 
Ohio. l. p. BAILEY. 
DUCKS WITH RHEUMATISM. 
Will you tell me if you can what ails my 
ducks and what to do for them? They are 
taken with lameness, get entirely unable to 
use their legs, and will not eat; there is mat¬ 
ter in the eyes, and at. times they seem to 
he in great pain. The first was taken two or 
three weeks ago. and others are getting the 
same way. All but one are last year's ducks 
and that one is feathered out nicely. They 
are Pekin ducks. I have been feeding a 
mash of cornineal and bran ; keep sand and 
water in their runs, and put in green feed 
and break up green apples for them. 
Waverly, N. Y. a. g. k. 
Your ducks seem to have a bad attack 
of rheumatism, with an accompanying 
cold. Are their quarters damp at night? 
Although ducks are water fowl, they ap¬ 
preciate warm dry places for night. Wash 
the eyes clean with warm water contain¬ 
ing a little carbolic acid, about one per 
cent. Mix equal parts cayenne pepper, 
mustard and ginger in lard about as stiff 
as you can work it, then add flour to 
make a stiff dough; make into pellets 
one inch long as thick as an ordinary lead 
pencil, open the bird’s beak and drop 
down the throat, once a day. Two doses 
or so should show an improvement. Put 
a little pulverized charcoal in the mash. 
Change the feed a little to tempt the 
birds to eat again. If they have been sick 
very long it would be better not to retain 
them for breeding purposes, as their vi¬ 
tality must be badly weakened. Prevent 
another attack by keeping their night 
quarters as dry as possible. h. t. 
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(Signed) Lona and C. W. Acton. 
Write for catalog Y-153. It explains 
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WEST CHESTER, PA. 
TORONTO, CAN. CHICAGO, ILL. 
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