1905. 
Hope Farm Notes_ 
Farm Notes— The potatoes are all out. 
We expect to store what we need for our 
own use—or a little more, and sell the rest 
before Christmas. Sweet potatoes are very 
cheap just now, and it is fair economy for 
us to eat sweet potatoes and sell our crop 
of white ones. In some years ibis would not 
pay, but this season the combination is right. 
The potatoes were plowed out with a shovel 
plow, then the ground was scratched over 
with potato forks, and harrowed with a 
Now it is in line shape for rye 
every piece of cultivated ground 
some live crop covering it for 
In former years we have 
yellow turnips and raised line 
"rear I was induced to broad- 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
747 
spring-tooth 
seeding, for 
should have 
Winter. . 
drilled our 
crops. This . 
cst. Yellow Globe, 
turnips grow just 
being assured that these 
as well broadcast. As a 
result we have a few small turnips. I will 
not broadcast yellow turnips again. Yom 
friends fooled you. did they? Ao— 1 looieil 
invself I have no doubt they did just as 
they said, but they sowed the turnips on 
clean, mellow soil. We sowed them on hard 
soil that was not very clean. A drought 
baked the soil so that the turnips stood 
still while the crab grass choked them, it 
K more in the man and the soil than In the 
turnips’ . . As soon as the potatoes 
were 1 out we started picking the Green ng 
apples. The fruit never was bettei, though 
the trees are old and must have been badly 
neglected for years. They are in a thick sod 
crow in." over a rocky ledge. Early in April 
they were thoroughly sprayed with lime and 
sulphur, and at blooming time they were 
sprayed again with Bordeaux and 1 aris-gieen. 
The grass was cut and hauled out for hay 
and about 500 pounds per acre of feitilizer 
used broadcast. The fruit is excellent. We 
tint! little if anv scale except upon one tiee. 
The apples are picked and hauled at once 
to the cellar, where they are put in bins 
At present prices I expect to sell most of 
our fruit before Christmas. ... I haye 
spoken of finding the dreaded scale on cm- 
rants. Fruit growers seem to think it liaidei 
to kill this pest on currants than on any other 
fruit. Many of them will not try. but cut the 
bushes out at once. I shall try to save mine. 
We expect to cut out and burn the woist 
steins and rub the rest over with a solution 
of whale oil soap or resin and kerosene. A 
man can wear a leather glove, carry a pan 
full of the solution, and with a doth easily 
wipe off each stem. It seems to me better 
than trying to spray the bushes, and certainly 
worth trying. 
Good Literakv Diet. —Some farmers have 
a notion that their methods of farming ate 
the only right ones, and that those who 
do differently are not farmers at all. I have 
learned to believe that the best farmer is the 
man who can adapt his farm to the products 
best suited to his customs. Such products 
mav be butter, sunflowers, hens, dogs or 
anything you like. I have a letter from a 
woman in California who has a small moun¬ 
tain ranch. She has built cabins on it and 
rents (hem to city people for the Summer 
season. This may not be "farming, but it 
probably is the most business-like use foi 
tho land under these conditions. This woman 
writes among other things : 
"I take The R. N.-Y.: I consider it the 
bread butter and baked apples of my literary 
diet wholesome, nourishing and palatable. 
I read every word of it weekly, and agree 
with most of your ideas, except maybe, the 
kerosene-oil-in-dishwater suggestion. Mill 
trv it some day. but fancy it would leave a 
flavor. If you and your family ever take a 
trip to California would gladly give you a 
Winter’s rent of one of my cabins.” 
Think of it—“bread and butter and baked 
apples !” That is near enough to a balanced 
ration to suit most of us. I am quite will¬ 
ing that readers should hunt elsewhere for 
raw meat, spices and "strong" food which 
makes people weak in the end. As for the 
kerosene in dishwashing—there is the point 
exactly. When people have their minds set 
upon finding a "flavor they will certainly 
batch one out. I would like to pass a 
Winter in a California cabin, but we plan to 
stay at home hereafter. 
Dishwashing— This brings up the old 
subject again. When I talked washing ma¬ 
chine a dozen people came forward to defend 
"the wooden hired girl." The only animated 
dishcloth I have heard of yet is described in 
a clipping sent from North Carolina. Here 
are the essential parts of it:—We are told 
that this machine is used in some of the 
great hotels and that it costs .<700! 
’ “The principle of the dishwashing ma¬ 
chine is three great tubs, with two pipes in 
each Through the bottom pipe pours boil¬ 
ing water. Through the top pipe the soiled 
water constantly flows off. In the center of 
.each tub an iron whirligig is kept whirling 
tumultuously bv electric power, churning the 
water into a torrent of soapsuds, white as 
lather. Now along overhead comes sliding 
a dishpan on a travelling crane. '1 lie pan 
is made of strong iron wire, and holds from 
two to four dozen pieces, according to the 
size. Tim operator grabs a pulley chain, 
down goes th,e dishnan, souse-souse into the 
lboiling soapsuds. Over and over again it 
souses, then -along: it goes and dives into the 
first rinsing tub, then the second rinsing, then 
along the crane it travels to the drain board. 
Here the dishes are lifted out by hand, abso¬ 
lutely’ clean and almost absolutely dry. 
needing scarcely the flick of a towel 
for polish. Even if the towel be dis¬ 
pensed with and a plate reach the diner 
with a trace of ’damp upon it. he who has 
seen it passing through those floods of boil¬ 
ing swift flowing, rinsing water will not 
worry. Two minutes serves for the passage 
of each pan of dishes through the tubs, and 
from 700 to 1,200 dishes are washed an 
hour. Sliver and glass have their special 
temperatures, and come up shining." 
'I’he man who sends the clipping writes. 
“Those I have seen in use some years since 
had wire frames revolving on horizontal 
shafts with spray of very hot water forced on 
dishes from above. All these methods re¬ 
quire some form of power and unlimiteu 
hot water." 
That reads well, but it is far beyond the 
reach of any farmer. In houses that are 
steam-heated I think some good mechanic 
could rig a tube into an old washlxnler and 
let live steam in among the dishes, so « s to 
get most of the dirt off. I still think that 
cold dishwater is responsible for some ot 
our trouble, and that a little kerosene would 
ease the work of rubbing. 
Strange Farming. — 1 have spoken above 
of different methods of farming. Seymour 
came here from Canada. In his section the 
entire force of the farm is devoted to pro 
ducing food for cuttle. Milk or cieam is 
about the onlv money crop, and farmers aim 
to supply this and provide as much as pos¬ 
sible of their own food. Here the case is 
entirely different. Few farmers have any 
definite product. A few make milk or grow 
fruit, but most have a little of many things, 
which tlicp sell as best they can to local 
markets. The most surprising thing to a 
stranger is the way people live. '1 he bakers 
wagon runs out among our farms, and prob¬ 
ably 90 per cent of Hie farmer’s wives buy 
more or less bread. It is much the same 
with butcher and grocer. Our section has 
gone all through a period of change, and old 
habits have been swept away. One of my 
neighbors has a farm and makes no eflort 
to grow much besides a good corn crop, lie 
plowed up his strawberries, sold his cows 
and buvs milk, butter, berries and most of 
his vegetables. lie has a good flock ot hens, 
fattens a steer or two and a tew pig> each 
year, and may sell some bay and stalks This 
man works in the city’. Hired labor without 
supervision gave no profit, so he lured men 
by the day to plant, and cut his corn, while 
he can cultivate, hoe and husk it by working 
an hour or so every morning and taking an 
occasional day off. Ilis figures show that he 
is better off to raise corn and grass than lie 
would be to hire help and try to produce 
more. Each year the land becomes more 
valuable for other purposes than farming 
I am not describing this as a model system 
of farming bv any means. It happens to be 
sensible in this case. 1 have no doubt that 
some farmers who will smile at this man 
for buying milk or berries are really growing 
crops which represent loss instead of profit, 
if the difference between cost and income ot 
a crop were as clear as the margin between 
goods which a merchant sells, what a rush 
there would be away from some things we 
raise. 
All Sorts. —1 have many letters^ from 
people who ask about a \N later in l 1 loricla. 
Most of them want work for the season. 
Our own little farm has not turned out to be 
a bonanza yet. When the white potatoes 
were dug Charlie planted sweet potatoes in 
part of the field, and sowed cow peas in the 
other. The sweets did not do well. We 
tested the soil and found it very sour, and 
I have sent down some lime to use on it. 
The cow peas did quite well, and Charlie 
has after some trouble, secured a good crop 
of cow-pea hay. The crab grass comes in 
with the hay and makes a good mixture with 
the cow peas. The whole held will be plowed 
again well limed and fitted for potatoes once 
more. To make a fair statement of condi¬ 
tions, must people who know Florida say we 
located too far north in the State. If Height 
and express rates are proportionately higher 
as you go farther south 1 see little to be 
gained. . . . We have IG of our white 
turkeys left, and they seem disposed to stay 
by us W e are all greatly interested in these 
white beauties. They are great companions. 
Whenever I go out to hoe or weed straw¬ 
berries I am sure to find the entire flock 
located around me. They do not seem to 
scratch or tear up the ground as hens do, 
but they nibble weed seeds, grass and insects 
all dav'long. They Tiave nothing to do with 
the liens. . . We never had finer weather 
for curing the corn fodder. After the week 
of rain the sun came out clear and bright, 
and the fodder has cured like millet. It is 
quite equal to good hay for all the stock. Our 
hay will be short, but I think grain is going 
to be cheaper this W’inter. . . . Many of 
the Prizetaker onions were still growing on 
October 1. They seem likely to keep at it 
until hard frost. We did not start the plants 
in the hotbed this year but drilled the seed 
outside and transplanted from the drill. The 
hotbed plants have often been full size by 
September 1. We can get nearly as large 
an onion by drilling outside if the season is 
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Save Money—Save Yourself 
Some men buy a comfortable rocker to sit in while£*2 * work’ 
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r This Shows the 
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