848 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
November 25, 
NOTES FROM THE RURAL GROUNDS 
Rose, Frau Karl Druschki.— Of the 
making of new roses, as of books, “there 
is no end,” Hundreds of new varieties 
are sent out each year by home and for¬ 
eign raisers. An almost incredible num¬ 
ber of varieties have been cultivated and 
named since the rose first found its way 
into the ornamental garden. Of a list of 
1,000 named sorts, compiled in 1835, grown 
and highly appreciated at the time, scarce¬ 
ly one is in cultivation to-day. Varieties 
of exquisite finish and great beauty are 
constantly produced, but only the merest 
fraction of the number find a permanent 
place in cultivation. The overwhelming 
defect of most new roses is lack of suffi¬ 
cient vigor in plant to endure the strain of 
commercial propagation and the mishaps of 
amateur cultivation. New kinds of super¬ 
lative all-’round merit, however, are pro¬ 
duced at uncertain intervals. Thus with¬ 
in the last 15 years such generally success¬ 
ful garden varieties as Clothilde Soupert, 
blush white; Gruss an Teplitz, crimson 
scarlet; Mme. Caroline Testout, bright 
pink, as well as Crimson and Philadelphia 
Ramblers, deep crimson, have been intro¬ 
duced. The beautiful cream white Kai- 
serin Augusta Victoria should perhaps be 
included in the number, but that it is be¬ 
ing superseded by the lovely pure white 
hardy rose, Frau Karl Druschki, raised by 
a German grower, and first sent out under 
the name of Schneekcenigen (Snow 
Queen), which was found properly to be¬ 
long to an older and forgotten variety. 
Frau Karl Druschki is said to be a seed¬ 
ling of Merveille de Lyon, formerly the 
finest and most reliable of white hardy 
roses, and is much freer in bloom as well 
as far more perfect in bud and (lower than 
its parent. It appears to succeed wherever 
Remontant or Hybrid Perpetual roses can 
be grown, and does not exact special care, 
though liberal culture will always be re¬ 
warded by greater profusion and higher 
finish in the blooms. Fig. 308, page 841, 
from an English photograph, fairly repre¬ 
sents ordinary blooms of Frau Karl Dru¬ 
schki, such as can be grown in any garden 
where the requirements of choice roses are 
looked after. There is little fragrance in 
these beautiful flowers, but they are other¬ 
wise perfect in every way. The plant is 
a strong and free grower, with dark, 
healthy foliage. It should have deep, rich 
and well-drained soil, and be at all times 
exposed to full sunlight. Any rose worth 
growing would appreciate similar treat¬ 
ment, but white varieties appear to need 
more light for the perfect development of 
their buds than those of darker shades. 
We have grown Frau Karl Druschki three 
years, and have been rewarded with more 
I have planted and raised a pole bean—the 
name of which I do not know—but which is 
used as a string bean, with a long, flat and 
yellow pod, very much like the Golden Wax. 
I gathered some of the ripe beans last Fall 
and planted 25 hills of them last Spring. 
The first planting did not grow ; and having 
plenty of seed, I replanted with success. 
At the time of the first planting, I also 
planted 25 hills of Lima beans which I 
bought at a seed store. These came up 
promptly and grew well. When the beans 
formed upon the vines, the Lima l)ean vines 
produced the other kind of beans; and of 
the 25 hills of Lima beans, there are no 
Lima beans growing. There are two hills of 
Lima beans only, and they are where the 
other kind was planted. Can you explain this? 
Instances of wholesale reversion of a 
given variety of garden vegetable, propa¬ 
gated by seeds, to another and quite dis¬ 
tinct form, though rare, are not wanting. 
This transmutation or reversion to a more 
primitive type has been observed in toma¬ 
toes, celery, turnips, cabbages and other 
vegetables, as well as beans, though the 
instances are not all so plainly marked as 
this reversion of yellow-podded or Golden 
Wax bush beans to plants bearing ordi¬ 
nary round green pods. Garden bush 
beans are dwarf-growing forms of Pliase- 
olus vulgaris, which in its natural state is 
a tall climber with round green pods. 
Centuries of cultivation, with attendant se¬ 
lection of desirable departures from the 
type, and frequent cross-breeding of re¬ 
sulting varieties, has produced an endless 
number of variations, of which the mod¬ 
ern dwarf wax-podded beans are extreme 
examples. There seems to be a cycle of 
change or mutation in plant species and 
varieties, too obscure to be formulated by 
present observers, but now recognized by 
our foremost plant physiologists, by which 
a variety or departure from the original 
type tends, under certain little-known con¬ 
ditions, to jump back toward some ances¬ 
tral form. The green-podded bush bean 
is, of course, a step in the way of the de¬ 
velopment of a wax or yellow-pod dwarf 
bean from a green-podded pole bean. 
Why your beans stopped at that precise 
point in their effort at reversion, and why 
they made a wholesale instead of an indi¬ 
vidual break toward a primitive form, 
cannot be satisfactorily answered. The 
garden bean is notoriously unstable, on 
account of its many generations of selec¬ 
tions, and seed growers have no end of 
trouble in keeping their strains pure. 
The Lima bean puzzle is still more hope¬ 
less. The yellow, fiat-podded pole bean 
you have been growing is probably one of 
the countless variations of the European 
Phaseolus vulgaris, but the Lima bean be¬ 
longs to a very distinct species, P. lunatus, 
of South America. It seems impossible 
that one botanical species could be thus 
transmuted to another. This appears to 
be a case of double planting, where the 
unexpected variety came up. Specific dis¬ 
tinctions, as distinguished by botanists, 
are not infallible, as plant-breeding ex¬ 
periments constantly show, but the Lima 
and common pole beans would seem struc¬ 
turally too far apart to have had a com¬ 
mon origin. Varieties within the bounds 
of a given species may imitate each other, 
but true species do not blend or inter¬ 
change their characters except by actual 
cross-pollenization, which does not seem 
probable in this instance. 
good blooms in the garden and under glass 
than from three times the number of 
plants of other large-flowered white kinds, 
such as Kaiserin, Mabel Morrison, Mar¬ 
garet Dickson or Merveille de Lyon. It 
succeeds in all European rose-growing 
countries as well as our own, and appears 
destined to be a general favorite. Like all 
free-blooming hardy roses it should be 
closely pruned in Spring and more lightly 
in midsummer. Summer blooms at times 
are small and scanty, but the buds devel¬ 
oped in Autumn are often surprisingly 
fine. 
A Poser. —W. F., Poughkeepsie, N. Y., 
has had some extraordinary experiences in 
growing beans, and comes to The R. N.-Y. 
for an explanation: 
I have a remarkable fact in bean culture, 
which I would like to have you explain. 
For several years I have grown the Golden 
Wax hush beans in my gat-'den. and no others. 
Every Rummer some of these beans ripen, 
and I gather and preserve them for the next 
year’s planting. This 7 did last year, and 
the beans so gathered I planted last Spring, 
making three plantings, with about two 
weeks between each planting. Instead of 
Golden Wax beans, those produced were 
with round green pods. T have never grown 
that kind of beans in my garden. Gan you 
explain that marvel? Again—for a few years 
Asparagus in Good Shape. —Aspara¬ 
gus has had another favorable growing 
season, and goes to its Winter rest in 
excellent condition. The abundant Au¬ 
gust rains were very helpful in keeping 
the plants in vigorous growth, and wash¬ 
ing off rust spores before they could gain 
a foothold. Few stalks were checked by 
rust until the September drought, and 
probably 75 per cent of our plants re¬ 
mained green until hard November frosts. 
Little effort is made to fight this pest by 
fungicides, but local growers depend on 
extra culture, high feeding and a short¬ 
ened cutting season. The crop was rather 
small last Spring, owing to cold, unfa¬ 
vorable weather, but this, of course, was 
an advantage to the plants. Practically 
only Argenteuil and Palmetto varieties 
are now planted. It is generally believed 
they are far more resistant to rust than 
other kinds, though not by any means im¬ 
mune. Possibly we are getting help from 
some of the parasites that live on the 
rust spores, but the general impression is 
that the brightened prospects are due to 
better treatment, less severe cutting and 
the selection of resistant varieties, coupled 
with rainy growing seasons. Asparagus 
rust spreads with greatest rapidity and is 
most destructive in dry seasons, accom¬ 
panied with morning fogs and long-lying 
dews. With still moisture of this kind 
the spores are able to germinate and en¬ 
ter the tissues of the plants, but frequent 
rains appear to wash them off before they 
are well established. w. v. F. 
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