88o 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
December 9, 
BRIEF FERTILIZER TALKS. 
Wintering Manure For The Carden. 
For my garden I am able to obtain from 
neighbors’ stables a large quantity of manure, 
but I have no shelter for it, and it is too 
coarse to spread on a garden without de¬ 
composing. J have quite a quantity decom¬ 
posed last Summer ready to spread on my 
garden next Spring. I wish to use it on 
strawberries, asparagus beds, and around 
grapevines. 1 wish to ask what valuable 
elements, and to what extent, have I lost, 
and how under the circumstances can loss 
without large outlay be avoided? c. a. hale. 
It would be impossible to say what pro¬ 
portion of the plant food in such manure is 
lost. In some cases 50 per cent is leached 
out. A rough shelter of old boards or even 
brush over the manure will prevent leach¬ 
ing. If possible make the pile on hard soil, 
scooping out a saucer-shaped place to the 
clay. As the pile is made, stamp the manure 
down hard and leave the top in a hollow or 
dish shape to hold water. In making up the 
pile use all the waste or bedding possible, 
and keep it (irmly stamped. Use sods, kitchen 
wastes, slops, etc., in making up the pile 
and be sure that enough water falls upon it 
to keep ii moist without leaching away 
from it. (Jive a rough shelter by setting up 
posts and putting boards or brush across. 
If possible fork it over at least once during 
the Winter. 
expected. Can you give me a better combina¬ 
tion. with the amount to use per acre? I 
shall have 10 cords of stable manure per 
acre this year. h. c. p. 
Bangor, Me. 
Let us see what you had in this mixture. 
Phos. 
Nitrogen Acid Potash 
1,000 lbs. acid phosphate... 120 
1,000 lbs. muriate. 500 
1,000 lbs. tankage.70 120 
1,000 lbs. bone meal.75 250 
200 nitrate .32 
Total 4,200 .177 490 500 
This gives a fertilizer analysis 4.2 per cent 
nitrogen, over 11 phosphoric acid, and about 
12 of potash. With 10 cords of stable man¬ 
ure this ought to have given good results 
for most crops. The best suggestion we can 
make is to use a larger proportion of nitrate 
of soda as truck crops grow rapidly and 
require more soluble nitrogen than either 
tankage or ground bone can furnish. In this 
mixture the bone is useful as a drier, as the 
acid phosphate and muriate are apt to stick 
together or “cake." We would use 600 pounds 
of nitrate and 400 of tankage making two 
tons. Of this mixture 800 pounds per acre 
ought to answer with the manure. 
FRUIT NOTES. 
Akkbia Quinata. — I was glad to hear 
about the Japanese vine Akebia quinata. page 
762. I planted this and Actinidia polygama 
several years ago, but have seen no fruit 
yet. Perhaps Bridle & Latham can supply 
the “long felt want" in that direction. 
Illinois. b. buckman. 
Wood Ashes For Peach Trees. * 
I would like to know how much wood 
ashes, made from slabs of all kinds of 
native timber. I can safely put under ray 
peach, pear and apple trees. They have 
been set nine and 11 years. The peaches 
averaged 1 V> bushel to a tree last year, but 
were not as large fruit as I would like to 
grow, and I want to feed my trees some way, 
so as to produce larger fruit. I have been 
scattering some manure right from horse 
stable over the ground this Winter. I can 
buy the ashes for 50 cents per load, all I can 
haul in two-horse wagon, and being on the 
old National Pike 35 miles east of Indian¬ 
apolis, that means two tons per load. 
Knightstown, lud. j. c. o. 
We would put the limit at two tons per 
acre of wood ashes. We have heard of 
larger quantities being used, but we would 
not advise it. Of course the ashes will be 
scattered evenly all over the acre and well 
harrowed in. You have a bonanza in such 
cheap ashes. Such a load would cost us 
delivered nearly $20. The ashes alone may 
not increase the size of your fruit greatly. 
They furnish lime, potash and phosphoric 
acid, while nitrogen is the element required 
to increase the size. Stable manure will help 
or you can grow clover or cow peas in the 
orchard. 
Nitrate of Soda Alone. 
Will you give me your opinion upon nitrate 
of soda as a fertilizer for corn, potatoes and 
grass? IIow much would you use in a half 
acre for potatoes, with no other fertilizer or 
stable manure, and how much on an acre of 
corn well coated with stable manure? r. 
Chesterfield, Mass. 
Nitrate of soda is very useful when you 
want nitrogen alone. There is nothing else 
in the nitrate that will do you any good. It 
is not good economy to use it alone on corn 
or other crops, because they need potash and 
phosphoric acid as well as nitrogen. Nitrate 
of soda alone often gives good results on 
grass or grain, but for corn or potatoes we 
would not use it alone unless we were sure 
that the soil already had enough potash ard 
phosphoric acid. 
Lime With Fertilizer. 
Would lime destroy the effects of the nitro¬ 
gen in a chemical fertilizer, if both were 
applied at the same time? f. s. k. 
Pennsylvania. 
No. lime will not destroy the effects of 
nitrogen. When mixed with hen or stable 
manure the lime sets free ammonia so that 
it escapes. When they are used together in 
the soil small loss occurs, because the soil 
holds the ammonia. Phosphoric acid is af¬ 
fected by lime, as we have often explained. 
Acid phosphate gives a form of phosphoric 
acid soluble in water. When lime is used 
with it the two make a chemical combination 
which renders the phosphoric much less sol¬ 
uble. We would not use the two together, 
though ground bone and lime may safely be 
used. 
Fertilizer in Spring For Wheat . 
I have a field that I seeded to wheat 
September 9. I put no manure or fertilizer, 
as my lease expired and I did not know 
whether I would stay another term. Since 
that. I have made up my mind to stay, I pur¬ 
posed top-dressing tho field with manure about 
November. Could I put some fertilizer on 
next Spring? The field or soil is thin, I am 
anxious to get a good crop off it. I under¬ 
stand that fertilizers put on the top are 
no good ; that they should be thoroughly in¬ 
corporated in the soil at seeding time. 
Pennsylvania. e. r. s. 
Yes, you can help the wheat by using fer¬ 
tilizer in file Spring. If .von top-dress with 
manure this Fall you will probably supply 
nitrogen enough to make the crop. You 
will need in that case potash and phosphoric 
acid, and by sowing 50 pounds of muriate 
of potash and 150 pounds of acid phosphate 
per acre you will help the wheat. That is 
the lowest amount we would advise—twice 
as much will pay if you Intend to stay on 
this farm. If in the Spring the wheat does 
not start well, and looks light colored, nitro¬ 
gen is evidently needed. You can save it by 
using 50 pounds nitrate of soda to the acre 
in addition to the other fertilizers. As to 
whether fertilizers put on top of the soil are 
effective depends upon the fertilizer. The 
three chemicals mentioned here are all 
soluble in water and when put on the sur¬ 
face are dissolved and carried down into the 
soil. Others, like bone tankage are not so 
soluble, and must first decay before plants 
can use them. Therefore they should be 
worked into the soil. 
A Mixture For Garden Truck. 
I mixed one-half ton of acid phosphate, 
one-half ton muriate of potash, nne-half ton 
tankage, one-half ton bone meal and 200 
pounds nitrate of soda, and used on garden 
truck 800 pounds per acre, with 10 cords 
stable fborse) manure. Ground is a rocky 
loam, and the result was not as good as 1 
Oats in Orcharp.— Noting the case of 
D. W. S., on page 695, I should say the 
trouble with his trees was the shock of 
growing a fine crop of oats among them. 
Our experience has been that nothing will 
atone for that. w. b. w. 
East Greenwich, R. I. 
Sod-Grown Peaches. —T. II. King of 
Tompkins Co., N. Y., recently sent us a crate 
of beautiful peaches. He says : “They were 
grown on trees set in 1900, well cultivated 
until July, 1904, seeded to clover then. 
Heavy growth this year. Mowed twice and 
left on ground. Peaches colored very much 
better than on trees that were thoroughly 
cultivated this year.” 
Oil Spray. — I have noted the discussion 
in your paper in regard to sprays for orchard 
trees, and 1 want to give you the results of 
an accidental spraying. On April 1, 1899, 
we shot an oil well near our orchard. The 
crude oil was thrown over a tree of Maiden 
Blush, and it was completely drenched, so 
that it dripped oil. The tree was still dor¬ 
mant. Instead of killing the tree, as many 
predicted, it did unusually well, and for 
three years bore immense crops of large, ex¬ 
ceedingly fair fruit. My idea is that if 
crude oil kills trees it is because of the gas 
in the oil. This well was filled before shoot¬ 
ing from a tank of oil which had stood 
until the gas was all evaporated. So if I 
am right, use crude free from gas and you 
get the good results, without the injury. 
Wellsville, N. Y. si. f. u. 
Strawberries for Hill Culture. —As I 
intend to run out a portion of my patch in 
hills I am interested in this question. I have 
a theory, based on a limited experience, that 
those standard varieties that do best in 
matted row are not best for hill culture, 
for the reas*mi that such varieties as Ilaver- 
land, Warfield. Dunlap, etc., give an abund¬ 
ance of berries on young plants, but when 
crowded into large old plants, as is neces¬ 
sary to do to keep them in hills, become so 
forward as to be winter-killed. A few years 
ago I put out about two thousand of War- 
field and Bederwood plants in August about 
the same as potted plants; kept them in hills 
and thoroughly cultivated until late in the 
Fall. I thought I should have some very 
fine berries from them, but to my disap¬ 
pointment the crop was short and berries 
inferior, while on the patch I took the 
plants from the crop was the best I ever 
harvested. The only reason I could give 
was that the bloom buds were so advanced as 
to be hurt by the Winter, as they could be 
plainly seen in the Fall. This season I kept 
a few Kelly Rice and Gandy in hills. From 
one hill of Kelly Rice I picked the first of 
September enough bloom buds to make a 
quart of berries, if they had reached average 
size. I do not see how that drain could be 
anything but a loss to the plant. But I 
would like to know what is the experience of 
other growers along the line. e. c. green. 
Ohio. 
White Grubs and Rota toes. —If Prof. 
Sllngerland had realized how fond the white 
grub is of potatoes he would not have advised 
planting them on grub infested land. The 
damage to potatoes in this section this year 
from the white grubs is very great, f. c. c. 
Maine. 
When you write advertisers mention The 
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“a square deal.” See guarantee, page 8. 
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Engines are used than all others com¬ 
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It is light. Write for Catalog 5 on 
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R. H. DEYO & CO.,Binghamton, New York. 
The Best Crops Grow where BE AH LIEU’S seeds go. 
Importer of best French seeds. Potatoes, Gladiolus, 
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rLAY ROSE POTATOES WANTED.-A few 
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Rush’s Patent DISSOLVING PROCESS. 
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A Good Spray Pump earns big 
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is a good pump. As 
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we were using the com¬ 
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success practically forced us 
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Large fully illustrated 
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GREEN’S 
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He loved the girl very much. 
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They decided to be married. 
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They will need Vines, Plants 
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That’s OUR business. 
We have a surplus of Asparagus 
plants. Poplar and Apple trees. Send 
for free catalog; also Fruit Magazine. 
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Rochester, N. Y. 
:1 
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NUT TRFF^ Jai>an Chestnuts and Walnuts, Paragon 
IIU I I 1ILLO Chestnuts, Ridgely and American. 
MANCHURICA WALNUTS. 
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Fruit trees and small fruits in every kind worth fruit¬ 
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SALIMENE 
THE BEST REMEDY FOR 
5AN JOSE SCALE. 
Liquid or Powder Form. Circulars and price on 
application. 
MONMOUTH CHEMICAL WORKS, 
Shrewsbury, New Jersey. 
PRATT’S 
i i 
SCALECIDE PETROLEUM 
Guaranteed to kill the SAN JOSE SCALE with¬ 
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Spring application. Onegal. "Sealecide” to 20 gallons 
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Can be used with a great saving in cost, where 
petroleum or kerosene emulsion is advised. 
Prices—in bills. 50c. per gallon; 10 gallon cans, $0,00; 
5 gal. cans, $3.25; 1 gal. cans. $1.00, f. o. b. N. Y. 
B. G. PRATT CO., II Broadway, New York, U.S.A. 
Itls Worthwhile 
Buy a machine th at does the work 
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automatically with a brush , 
mixes liquid mechanically so that 
oliage is never burned, but gets 
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Empire King, and 
Orchard Monarch 
do these things. They throw finest 
spray, arc easiest to work and they 
never clog. You ought to know 
more about them. Write for in¬ 
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FIELD FORCE I*I MP CO., 
No. 2 11th St. , Ktmirn, W. Y. 
TREES 
ROSES 
HARDY 
PLANTS 
All the Best and Hardiest 
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Drawer F, Rochester, N.Y, 
RUBY RED RASPBERRY. 
This grand berry lias again proven itself to he the 
best for profit. A fine stock ot plants for Fall setting 
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Valley View Fruit Farm, Marlboro, N. Y. 
TREE PROTECTORS 
75c. per IOO-$5 per IOOO 
Send for free samples and testimonials. 
Do not wait until Rabbits and Mice 
ruin your trees. 
WRITE US TO-DAY, 
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Fort Scott, Kails. Box 73. 
WARD BLACKBERRIES 
The hardiest and most prolific Blackberry ever grown 
WELCH RASPBERRY 
The most profitable Red Raspberry yet fruited. Also 
a full line of general nursery stock. Catalogue free, 
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if 
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KFRUIT BOOK 
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Address L. J. FARMER, Box "R”, Pulaski, N. Y. 
KILL-O-SGALE 
Sure remedy for SAN JOSE SCALE 
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THE STORRS ft HARRISON 00,, Box 16, Palnesville, 0. 
