928 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
December 30* 
FARMERS’ CLUB 
[Every query must be accompanied by 
the name and address of the writer to in¬ 
sure attention. Before asking a question, 
please see whether it is not answered in 
our advertising columns. Ask only a few 
questions at one time. Put questions on a 
separate piece of paper.! 
Black Walnut for Timber. 
F. M., Vienna, N. J .—Will you answer the 
following in regard to planting Black walnuts 
for timber. The field I want to plant them 
on is in sod. Should the ground be planted 
with some crop before, so as to get it in 
better condition? What is the time to plant, 
Fall or Spring? Should the nuts be cracked 
before planting? Is there any special variety 
to plant? 
Ans. —In planting Black walnut or any 
other nut tree seeds for timber purposes 
it is best to plant on ground that has 
been put in good condition by growing 
some crop the previous season. The nuts 
may be planted either in the Fall or 
Spring, but in the latter case should be 
stratified or packed in moist sand and kept 
over Winter in some cool place where they 
will not dry out. The nuts should never 
be cracked before planting, as this would 
be almost certain to kill the germs. If 
the soil is in good condition it is prob¬ 
ably best to plant as soon as the nuts are 
gathered in the Fall. 
Culture of Dewberries. 
F. C. G., Bridgton, Me .—I wish you would 
say something about dewberries in Ruralisms. 
On page 226 Mr. Moon describes a trellis, 
but I would like to know about the best 
method of pruning to yield the most satis¬ 
factory berries for garden culture, and he 
does not say whether lie prunes at all, or 
how high he makes ills trellis. It seems to 
me I should prefer that method to staking. Is 
the quality of the dewberry equal to the 
blackberry ? 
Ans. —The most common way is to 
drive a stake three or four feet high be¬ 
tween two hills and tie the young canes 
from each hill to the top of the stake, 
cutting their loose ends back to about one 
foot above the stake. The fruit is then 
borne above the new growth, kept clean 
and can be easily picked. The young 
canes are allowed to run over the ground 
at will during the growing season, and the 
next year are tied to the top of the stake, 
while the old fruiting ones are cut away, 
just as in pruning blackberries and rasp¬ 
berries. Dewberries as a rule are less 
hardy than other varieties of blackberries. 
We find all the improved kinds winter-kill 
severely on the Rural Grounds. We re¬ 
gard the quality of the dewberry fruit as 
much better than any of the blackberry 
fruits. They are larger and ripen earlier, 
thus finding a ready market, but the yield 
is seldom as great as with the best kind 
of blackberries. 
What Is a Straight Line? 
D. J. €., Tewksbury, Mass .—What is a 
straight line, or how can I tell a straight 
line? It there any other way besides guess¬ 
ing or sighting by the eye? If I started to 
build a henhouse 100 feet long and 15 feet 
wide, how would I start to go about it by 
telling whether the lines were straight, and 
how to prove it? Most farmers don’t know 
how to start a henhouse around here, or 
plant a straight line of corn. 
Ans. —Mathematically, a straight line is 
the shortest distance between two points. 
To prove a line is straight, I know of no 
better way than by sighting, upon which 
method D. J. C. does not seem to place 
much reliance. Practically speaking, a ray 
of light travels in a straight course; there¬ 
fore, if the eye is at A and a stake at B, 
and a stake between A and B hides the 
stake at B, it may be truly said to stand 
on line between A and B. He should 
have no difficulty in sighting the lines for 
the sides of a henhouse. Large buildings 
are laid out with engineer’s instruments, 
which is simply sighting by more refined 
methods. The telescope and the cross 
hairs permit of greater precision in locat¬ 
ing stakes in a perfectly straight line. 
Where the lines are of some length and 
the surface of the ground uneven or on 
running land lines, an instrument is very 
convenient, if not indispensable. Running 
a straight line between two points which 
cannot be seen one from the other, owing 
to a hill or some other obstruction, can 
be done without an instrument in the fol¬ 
lowing manner. Begin at A and set 
stakes in a straight line and equi-distant— 
say one hundred feet apart—and in as 
near the direction of B as you can guess. 
(When you arrive at B, we will say that 
you are 10 feet to one side of it. You 
have set 10 stakes, we will say. Then 
start at the stake which is 100 feet from 
A and set it over one foot in the proper 
direction, and it will be in a straight line 
between A and B. The second stake will 
have to be moved over two feet, etc. The 
distance which any stake has to be moved 
over will be determined by the proportion. 
Distance from A to B is to the divergence 
at B, as the distance of the stake from A 
is to the amount required to be set over. 
This method will often be found useful 
when it is required to build a straight 
fence between two corners which cannot 
be seen one from the other. 
GRANT DAVIS. 
A Frosted Araucaria. 
G. A. B., Indian Orchard, Mass .—An Arau¬ 
caria cxcelsa two l'eet or more In height was 
carried a short distance on the evening of 
November 14; the persons handling it, not 
realizing how cold it was that night, failed 
to protect it sufficiently, so that the two 
upper tiers of branches had their foliage 
frozen back from four to six inches, also the 
new terminal shoots, about an inch long 
were frozen. The central shoot and main 
part of the branches are still green nearly 
to the tip. Beyond the damaged part the 
plant still looks healthy. It has been kept 
in the dining room in a temperature of 60 
to 75 degrees, watered sparingly, given but 
little sun, and the dead foliage has been 
clipped off. Can we treat this plant in such 
a manner as eventually to restore it to its 
original symmetry and beauty? 
Ans. —Araucarias, like other evergreen 
cone-bearing trees, are always severely 
injured if the terminal buds on the 
branches are harmed in any way. As the 
leader and tip of branches in your speci¬ 
men have been frozen back it is not at 
all likely,that it will ever again grow into 
a good specimen. Side buds may start 
and the tree continue to live, but it is not 
likely that the effect will he-pleasing. It 
will probably be best to throw away your 
specimen and secure a well-formed young 
one, which may be had from most dealers 
in greenhouse plants at a moderate price. 
Currants in Kansas. 
Please tell briefly what care and fertilizing 
is needed for currants; also points in select¬ 
ing a location. G. h. p. 
Olathe, Kan. 
In that latitude the red currants succeed 
best on north and east slopes in deep loamy 
soil. If the north side of fence or building 
Is available, so much the better, as the 
currant suffers from direct exposure to our 
intense southwestern sun. A mulch of leaves 
and leaf mold is its favorite fertilizer, and 
clean culture is essential. t. v. munson. 
Denison, Texas. 
A Michigan Fruit Farm. —We are now 
getting manure from the Union Stock Yards, 
Chicago, 30-ton cars at $21 a car delivered 
on side track one-quarter of a mile from 
us. We are putting it chiefly on land that 
we expect to set to peaches next Sprint, 
We put one car on the apple orchard. There 
is much complaint here about short apple 
crop this year, but we are satisfied. We 
have only one acre of apples, which netted 
us $425 this year, and $150 last year, the 
yield about the same; difference in nrofits 
due to difference in prices. We came from 
Chicago a few years ago and bought this 
run-down farm of 48% acres. J. s. 
Berrien Co., Mich. 
Hay Slings. —Having read what J. D. 
Prickett says in regard to hay slings I wish 
to endorse all he says and add that the time 
he takes Is twice as long as is necessary 
to unload with slings. I have used hay 
slings for 12 years and unloaded many a 
load in seven to ten minutes; three slings 
to the load. I am sorry so few of our 
farmers are familiar with their worth. Too 
much praise cannot be given the slings In 
all places, under all consideration. I have 
personally used them for all kinds of hay, 
loose and bound grain, chaff and straw; 
put whole corn in silo and any kind of 
fodder a man can handle successfully with 
them. Hay loaders so far as used here give 
perfect satisfaction; it is not hilly here. 
Sardinia, N. Y. b. b. 
Eggs In Water Glass. —The commercial 
solution of water glass is a thick, syrupy 
liquid like glycerine. It may be bought in 
one-pound bpttles for 25 cents, but at a 
much lower price per pound in large packages. 
Dilute the liquid with nine times Its bulk of 
clear, fresh water, put in a tall, clean, stone 
jar and place in the eggs as fast as secured, 
taking care that they are perfectly fresh. 
They should only be allowed time to cool off 
thoroughly after being laid. Put in only 
enough to be entirely covered by the liquid, 
and keep the jar well covered in a dark, cool 
place, such as an ordinary good farm cellar, 
until the eggs are wanted for use. We have 
found eggs perfectly good 12 to 18 months 
after being put into the solution, provided 
they were perfectly fresh when put in. It 
will not do to put stale eggs in with others, 
as one bad one may spoil the whole lot. 
When you write advertisers mention The 
It. N.-Y. and you’ll get a quick reply am 
“a square deal.” See guarantee, page 8. 
No Smoke House. Smoke meat with 
KRAUSER’S LIQUID EXTRACT OF SMOKE. 
Madefrom hickory wood. Givesdeliciousflavor. 
Cheaper, cleaner than old way. Send for cir¬ 
cular. E. Kramer & Bro., Milton, Pa. 
P OTATOES—Carman. Cobbler, Fortune, Hebron, 
Ohio, Jewel, Murphy. C. W. Ford, Fishers, N. Y. 
U SE Hubbard’s Window Sash Lock (Pat 1899). 
best is the cheapest. Write for terms to J). 8. 
Hubbard Son & Co., 259 Third Avo., Bay Shore, N. Y. 
Tomatoes in 113 
a week earlier rMrtrl I W I O 
SSI .50 a 1,000 shipped flat. Form for Folding, 
S>1 OO. P. B. CB08BY, Catonsville, Md. 
CTDAU/QCRBV Dl AWTQ true to name of both 
OlnflVYDtnnT “LAN I O old and new varieties. 
Write for catalogue. J. K. LOSEE, Elnora, N. Y. 
BFIAINTS, 
BLACK VALENTINE 
The best Green Pod for Market Gar¬ 
deners. A good shipper, the pods carry 
well and do not wilt. Catalog Free. 
VAUGHAN’S SEED STORE, 
84 Randolph Street, Chicago. 
14 Barclay Street, New York. 
NIIT TRPF^ Japan Chestnuts and Walnuts, Paragon 
I" U I I ULLO Chestnuts, Ridgely and American. 
MANCHURICA WALNUTS. 
CALIFORNIA PRIVET, extra fine and cheap. 
Fruit trees and small fruits in every kind worth fruit¬ 
ing. Catalogue free. Address, ' 
JOS. H. BLACK,SON & CO., Hightstown.N, J, 
GREEN’S 
Wedding Announcement 
He loved the girl very much, 
That was his business. 
She loved him just as well. 
That was her business. 
They decided to be married. 
That was their business. 
They will need Vines, Plants 
and Trees for their garden, 
That’s OUR business. 
We have a surplus of Asparagus 
plants, Poplar and Apple trees. Send 
for free catalog; also Fruit Magazine. 
GREEN S NURSERY CO., 
Rochester. N. Y. 
No. 4 Wall Street. 
FRUIT TREES THAT GROW 
and hear fruit true to label. Fine assortment of stock. 
All conveniences for packing FRUIT GROWERS 
and DEALERS ORDERS. Can save you 15 to 30 
per cent on large or small orders. Get my prices and 
free catalogue without delay. 
Martin Wahl, Nurseryman, Rochester, N. Y. 
KFRUITBOOK 
’shows in NATURAL COLORS and 
accurately describes 216 varieties of 
fruit. Send for our liberal terms of distri¬ 
bution to planters.—Stark lire’s, Louisiana, Mo. 
HOYT IS AT THE HEAD 
With a large and most complete stock of 
Fruit, Forest, Ornamental and Evergreen 
Ti’ees, Vines, Shrubbery, Roses, California 
Privet, Asparagus and Berry plants. 200 
acres in cultivation with Nursery Trees. 
This stock is healthy and fine, fc end us 
your list of wants and let us price it. 
Satisfaction guaranteed. t end for our 
FREE Catalogue. Address, 
THE STEPHEN HOYT’S SONS CO., 
NEW CANAAN, CONN. 
z% 
if 
ERCKm/S TREES 
Are as good as the best. 50 years’in 
business is our guarantee. 
Catalog Free. 
WARD BLACKBERRIES 
The hardiest and most prolific Blackberry ever grown 
WELCH RASPBERRY 
The most profitable Red Raspberry yet fruited. Also 
a lull line of general nursery stock. Catalogue free, 
JOS. H. BLACK, SON & CO., Higlitstown, N. J. 
P. J. BERCKMJiNS CO., Inc., 
Fruitland Nurseries. AUGUSTA, GA. 
460 acres in Trees and Shrubs. Established 1856w 
Strawberry Plants. 
New Home, Cardinal, Commonwealth/ Oaks Early, 
Champion, Glen Mary, Win. Belt and 91 others. Lncretia 
and Premo Dewberry. Seeds; Livingstoi's Globe and 
Allen’s Best Tomato. Allen's First Choice and Rocky 
Ford CantaloupeAAUen’s Money Maker,/Early Fortune 
and Peninsula Pr»\e Cucumber. Valuable tested novelties 
and a full line standard garden, field/and flower seeds, 
bulbs, etc Write for'handsome free Atalogue. 17 
W. F. ALLEN, aiallsbjri^y, Maryland. 
TREE PROTECTORS 
75c. per IOO- S5 per IOOO 
Send for free samples and testimonials. 
Do not wait until Rabbits and Mice 
ruin your trees. 
WRITE US TO-DAY, 
Hart Pioneer Nurseries, 
Fort Scott, Kantt. Box 73. 
TIPWRPPDV PLANTS & BLACKBERRY 
UL, it ID-IVIV i PIANTS for SALE. Send for 
prico. MICHAEL N. BORGO, Box 69, Vineland, N.J. 
BERRY PLANTS Raspberry! 
blackberry, &c. I wish to correspond with prospect¬ 
ive buyers. Catalog and valuable information free. 
Address L. J. FARMER. Box “R”. Pulaski, N. Y. 
TS TREES PLEASE 
GcneseeValleygrown.lf>Oacres. Established 
1869. 1 • Not the cheapest but the best.' 1 Catalog free. 
CEO. A. SWEET NURSERY CO., 
I Maple St., Dansviile, New York. 
SAN JOSE SCALE 
and other INSECTS killed by 
GOODS 
Caustic Potash Whale-Oil Soap No. 3 
Endorsed by U. S. Dept, of Agri. and State Experiment 
Stations. This soap is a Fertilizer as well as an Insecti¬ 
cide. 60-lb. kegs. $2.50; 100-lb. kegs, $4.50; half barrel, 
270 lb.,3*hcper lb; barrel,425 lb.,3*4c. Send for booklet. 
JAMES GOOD, Original Maker, 
939-41 N. Front Street, Philadelphia, Pa. 
SALIMENE 
THE BEST REMEDY FOR 
SAN JOSE SCALE. 
Liquid or Powder Form. Circulars and price on 
application. 
MONMOUTH CHEMICAL WORKS, 
Shrewsbury, New Jersey. 
PUTTS “SCALECIDE” pSSleum 
Is CHEAPER and MORE EFFECTIVE than LIME, SULPHUR and SALT in controlling 
Mr. J. H. BAIRD, Supt. Hale Georgia Orchard Co., Fort Valley, Ga., writes: "I am more confident 
each day of the results from Sealecido—to ah inquirers I recommend it." 
For sample, testimonials and prices delivered at your Railroad Station, address 
B. Gr. Pratt Co., 11 Broadway, 2NTox*7" Yorlt, 3XT. Y 0 
PEACH TREES 
Grand iot, grow non the bnnk of Lake Erio, two miles 
from any peaoh orchards, free from borers and all 
other diseases. Large stook of Pear, Plum, Cherry, 
Apple, etc. Immense supply of small fruits, headquarters for 
Ornamental Trees, Shrubs, Plants, Seeds, 
40 acres hardy roses, none better grown, 44 Greenhouses of Palms, Ferns, 
Roses, Geraniums, (annus, etc. Mail size postpaid. Direct deal will insure you 
the best and save you money. Try it. Valuable catalogue free. Fifty-two years. 
1200 Acres. 
THE STORRS & HARRISON 00., Box 16. Paln«svlll«, 0. 
THOROUGHBRED HIGH QUALITY APPLES. 
The BEST KINDS and the BEST TREES in the world. If this is what you want, drop a line to 
_ XlOGrEXlS OKT THE IIT T.T. . 
Tiro Apple Breeder, _Pawswillo, 1ST. Y, 
TREES 
CR PFR inn FRFIfiHT PAIR A PP*e. Bear, Plum, Cherry, Peach ami Carolina 
rt " , Vv, rnUUfll TAIU Poplars, healthy, true to name and fu mi -a ted. 
All kinds of trees and plants at low wholesale prices. Remember we beat all other reliable 
Nurseries in quality and price. Catalogue free. Reliance Nursery, Box 10, Geneva, N.Y. 
