938 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
December 30, 
Live Stock and Dairy 
THE BERKSHIRE HOG. 
I have no doubt that the majority of the 
readers of The R. N.-Y. who are farmers 
and stockmen will agree that of the vari¬ 
ous kinds of live stock bred and reared 
on the farm none is more profitable year 
in and year out than the hog. The farm 
papers of the Western States particularly 
refer to him as the “mortgage-lifter”—a 
money maker. It seems to be the view of 
some farmers, however, that a hog is a 
hog, regardless of the great difference 
there is between the scrub and the pure¬ 
bred, and between the various different 
breeds; yet there is as great a difference 
as between the “plug” and the well-bred, 
magnificent trotter and draft horse. It is 
no longer necessary to keep a hog two 
years, nor even one, to bring him to a 
marketable weight. Rather, for the high¬ 
est profit, he should be matured in eight 
to 10 months, from Spring until Fall, as 
he will grow better during the warm 
months and on cheaper food, if pasturage 
is provided him. 
I know of no hog which so well fills 
the bill for the general farmer and feeder 
as the improved Large English Berkshire, 
for the reason that, while they grow to 
very large size, they can be fitted for the 
market at any time and take on, for the 
food consumed, as large gain as any other 
breed. The boars often attain to 800 
pounds, and. in some instances, 1,000; 
those of medium size generally weigh 600 
to 700. The larger sows weigh as high as 
800; those in the medium class 500 to 600. 
These weights refer to animals well grown 
and in good flesh. The pigs can be fed to 
400 and 500 pounds in 10 to 12 months, and 
when properly handled always top the 
market. Being of a broad, deep body, 
broad and heavy in ham, shoulder and 
back, the Berkshire is of the proper con¬ 
formation to weigh well and to gain in 
weight rapidly. lie is an active hog, and 
on that account likely to be in the best 
of health. He is a good feeder, and as a 
pasture hog excels. The Berkshire boar 
crossed with grade sows always impresses 
his rpialities on the offspring, showing 
strong, pure blood. I make these few re¬ 
marks for the purpose of drawing the at¬ 
tention of the farmer to swine-raising as 
a profitable feature of his business, and 
to suggest a few of the reasons for the 
popular favor which has been accorded 
the Berkshires. c. E. stahle. 
Pennsylvania;_ 
HOW TO SHIP LIVE STOCK. 
During the extreme cold weather which 
generally prevails in this northern lati¬ 
tude from about the first of December to 
the first of March, I consider it advisable 
to send all stock, old or young, by ex¬ 
press, just as far as possible. This is 
especially true where a limited number 
is to be shipped. From the strictly eco¬ 
nomic standpoint, the freight rate is gen¬ 
erally a little lower than express, but I 
find in many instances exceptions to this 
general rule, and there are many cases 
where the express rate on a calf or a cow 
will be found a little lower than the 
freight rate between two given points. 
Where one is sending only one or two 
animals, old or young, in Winter, they will 
be very apt to contract severe colds if 
sent by freight. Blanketing does not en¬ 
tirely provide against this contingency. On 
the other hand, the cow or calf, sent by 
express, will be loaded into a car, kept at 
a suitable temperature, and if definite in¬ 
structions are given, the express company, 
as a rule, will feed and water, and will try 
to avoid leaving the stock exposed upon 
the platforms, when they are transferred 
from one line to another. Great care 
should be taken, however, in sending con¬ 
centrated feeds, as the express messenger is 
not always conversant with feeding and is 
quite liable to give two or three feeds in 
one. My plan is to have each feed in a 
separate sack, marked “one feed.” I also 
have a pail attached to the crate with in¬ 
structions how often to water and how 
much to give at a time. 
Of course, all stock sent by express 
must be substantially crated. The crate 
which I have adopted is one which will 
allow the animal to stand or lie down, 
and it is cut down in front with a bunk or 
feed box, so that the cow has perfect 
freedom of the head and can eat her hay 
and grain as handily as she could in a 
swing stanchion. It is also convenient 
for watering where it would be simply im¬ 
possible if the cow were enclosed in a 
solid crate. I favor padding the inside of 
the crate, for valuable stock. It is im¬ 
possible to provide against rough treat¬ 
ment at times, and it will be found that 
this padding of the crate will greatly pro¬ 
test the animal. The certificate of tuber¬ 
culin test for stock, over one year old, 
and the letter of instructions to the ex¬ 
press messengers, should be securely at¬ 
tached to the crate. 
If one is to make a consignment of a 
carload of cows, they may be sent safely 
by freight, even in extremely cold weather. 
A large, modern box car, properly venti¬ 
lated, will accommodate 16 cows very 
nicely. Each cow should be provided with 
a strong halter and rope, and tied at the 
side of the car, eight on a side. Then 
there should be sent a competent man in 
charge of the stock, one who will remain 
in the car with the stock, from the time 
they are loaded until the time they are 
delivered to the consignee. He should 
have with him sufficient baled shavings 
for bedding, baled hay and feed, pail, 
lantern, shovel, and fork. Great care 
should be observed in feeding the hay, so 
that the wire is all removed from the hay. 
If a piece of broken wire is left in the hay 
and placed in front of the cow, she will 
very likely, in one way or another, man¬ 
age to get it into her stomach, and this, 
sooner or later, will be fatal to the life of 
Tie cow. I lost one cow that was shipped 
to me about a year ago, in this way, and 
1 afterwards found that the wire was first 
encysted in the stomach, but afterwards 
broke loose and entered the heart. 
I favor feeding the hay and grain on 
the floor in front of the cow. Very little 
of the grain will be wasted; some of the 
hay will, but that will work in for bed¬ 
ding. I would not advise using straw for 
bedding the car. There is more or less 
danger of its igniting from sparks that 
may be thrown from passing engines. 
Baled shavings are to be preferred, and 
they should be moistened in front of the 
door at the side of the car. The stock 
should be fed and watered by the man in 
charge, with the same regularity which 
prevailed before they were placed on 
board. Many times stock will refuse to 
eat much grain or drink much water for 
the first day or two, but after that, they 
will, as a rule, eat their ordinary grain 
ration and take their ordinary amount of 
water. There should always be placed in 
the car two barrels nearly filled with 
water, and a float placed on top of each, 
to prevent slopping out. 
The man in charge of the car should 
never fail to inform the engineer who 
hauls the train that he has a carload of 
valuable, registered cattle, giving the num¬ 
ber of the car and asking considerate 
treatment. Many engineers are very 
rough in handling the cars, and where 
there is much switching to be done the 
stock often suffers, but a competent herds¬ 
man will not hesitate quickly to remon¬ 
strate when occasion arises, and if his 
remonstrance is disregarded, will demand 
of the engineer that he either cut the live 
stock car out or handle it properly, and 
if this is not sufficient, be will go to the 
nearest telegraph office and lay the matter 
before the freight manager. The herds¬ 
man should always have a thermometer in 
the car, and trv to keep the temperature 
as even as possible, about 60 to 65 degrees. 
The stock will throw off heat sufficient to 
maintain this temperature in any ordinary 
weather, and where there is a full car¬ 
load, it will be found necessary to let in 
considerable cool air at times, but drafts 
are to be avoided. The cows should be 
lightly blanketed when they are put in 
the car, and the blankets should not be 
removed until they are placed in the sta¬ 
bles, and even then, care should be exer¬ 
cised to see tb- f they do not catch cold. 
1 usually send erson in charge of the 
stock, although ing the busy season, 
1 sometimes have iwo or three men out 
at one time. Each man is provided with 
the rules for shipping stock. He knows 
just how often he may unload his stock, 
if desired, just how often the trainmen 
shall give him an opportunity to water, 
etc. As a general rule, the buyer will do 
well to have the seller provide him with 
a herdsman to accompany the stock and 
to make all necessary arrangements for 
the shipment. When young calves are to 
be shipped in the same car with matured 
animals, they should be placed in one end 
of the car, and a substantial partition 
erected between them and the cattle. 
HORACE L. BRONSON. 
Cortland Co., N. Y._ 
Vv hen you write advertisers mention The 
R. N.-Y. and you’ll get a quick reply and 
“a square deal.” See guarantee, page 8. 
FUR ROBES, COATS, MITTENS 
at first cost. Ship us your cattle, horse, mule and 
animal skins. We tan and manufacture toordor. Soft, 
pliable, wind, water and moth proof. Samples free. 
Galloway coats and robes for sale at wholesale prices. 
Milford Kobe & Tanning Co.,Milford,Indiana 
SPRINGBANK HERD 
of Pedigree BERKSHIRES 
FLORETTA’S litter of Pigs by Grand 
Premier, 8000') farrowed June 12,are beauties. Floretta 
is the dam of the Champion Boar Nutmeg, at N Y 
State Fair in 1903. Grand Premier, 80005, is the best 
bred son of N. H. Gentry’s Lord Premier. 50001. They 
are all for sale—and are champion material—also 
some sows bred for Fall litters. 
J. E. WATSON, Prop. Marbledale, Conn. 
RFfi fl I fi SWINF of a11 ages Both 
IILUi Ui li U i O I* 111L sexes from the right 
place. CEDAR LAWN FARM, Ludlowville, N. Y. 
IMPROVED LARGE YORKSHIRES “ 
hog. Pigs of all ages from imported stock for sale. 
MEADOW BROOK STOCK FARM, Rochester. Mich. 
O fl PIGS, August and September farrow, 
■ ■■ Ui also mature sows. Bred and registered; 
choice stock, prices low. S. T. WITHER, Union 
Deposit, Pa. 
Reg. P. Chinas, Berkshires and C. Whites. 
8 wks. and older, mated not akin. Ser¬ 
vice Boars, have stock returned, re¬ 
fund money if not satisfactory. Reg. 
_ _ Holsteins, Heifers, Bulls and Cows 
in Calf. Hamilton A Co . Erclldoun, Chester Co., Pa. 
O. I. C. PIGS 
Five strains not akin; Aug. and Sept, farrow. 
Registered stock: prices low. 
F. J. SCHWARTZ, East Pharsalia, N. 
BERKSHIRE SOWS. 
ported boar and well bred dams. 
907 Liberty St., Pittsburg, Pa. 
Y. 
A few good ones 
cheap from my iro- 
R. F. SHANNON. 
Large Eng. Berkshires 
Imported and Domestic Strains. Matings not akin. 
Descriptive circulars on application. 
WILLOUGHBY FARM, Gettysburg, Pa. 
LARGE ENGLISH YORKSHIRES 
Imported. Pedigreed. 
FOR ^ A I p— Young stock sired by Boar im- 
1 OAL.L, ported from England l»=t fnii 
ingland last Fall. 
Mothers from-the best Canadian and English families. 
Both sexes, 4 to 12 weeks old.^N EY p a „l, 
Mated not akin.cdLH 
Write for particulars. 
BEAVER LODGE, Ransomville, N.Y . 
QURHPQUIRF RAMC Prize winners. 1m- 
OnnUroninL IlHITIOi ported and home bred. 
Large and heavy wooled. 
NUTWOOD FARMS, R. F. D. 4, Syracuse. N. Y. 
KENTUCKY JACKS 
AND STALLIONS. 
One hundred head of 
Jacks, Jennets, Saddle 
and Trotting stallions. 
for sale reasonable, 
J. F. COOK & COMPANY, Lexington, Ky. 
Branch barn, Marion, Kansas. 
FOR SALE 
■-45 Head of SHETLAND 
PONIES—Blacks, Bays and 
Fancy Spotted. Some fine 
mated teams. Prices, $55.00 to $100,00. 
GEORGE ARNETT, Pony Farm, Springfield, Ohio. 
ALL ABOUT HOLSTEINS 
Send postal card for 64 page illustrated pamphlet, 
describing this great breed of rattle. 
F. L. HOUGHTON, Sec’y, Brattleboro, Vt. 
Pure Bred Holstein-Friesian Bull Calves 
From Registered and Record stock. ALFALFA 
SOIL from lots that have raised alfalfa for the past 
five years. Prices moderate. Write promptly. 
W. W. CHENEY, Manlius, New York. 
CYTDJI LARGE REGISTERED three yearling 
FA I IlH Guernsey Bulls for sale at a bargain. 
MARTIN R. GOOD, What Cheer Farm, Narvon, Pa. 
WOODLAND 
—Shorthorn Cattle and 
Tunis Sheep. W. I. 
WOOD, Williamsport, O. 
Seldom See 
a big knee like this, but your horse 
may have a bunch or bruise on his 
Ankle, Hock, Stifle, Knee or Throat. 
ABSORBINE 
will clean them off without laying 
the horse up. No blister, no hair gone. 
$2.00 per bottle, delivered. Book 10-B 
free. ABSORBINE, JR., for man¬ 
kind, $1.00 Bottle. Removes Soft 
Bunches,Cures YaricoseVeins. Allays 
_ Pain. Genuine mfd. only by 
W. F. YOUNG, P.D.F., 88 MonmouthSt,. Springfield,Mass. 
Tuttle’s Elixir 
Sovereign Horse Remedy 
We offer $100. for any case of 
colic, curb, splint or lameness it 
fails to cure when we say cure is 
possible. Onr great book, "Vet¬ 
erinary Experience,” free. 100 
pages, a perfect guide. Send for copy # 
Tuttle’s Elixir Co., 
i 30 Beverly St., Boston. Mass. 
AS THEY 
sometimes 
ARE 
V 
“SAVE-THE-HORSE” 
Registered Trade Mark 
SFAVIW CTJHE 
Write us before you fire or blister. 
You will then appreciate why our 
written guarantee is a legal, absolutely 
binding contract to protect you. 
“Save-the-Horse” permanently 
cures Spavin, Ringbone (except low 
Ringbone), Curb. Thoroughpin, Splint, 
Shoe Boil, Wind Puff, Injured Tendons 
and all Lameness without scar or loss of 
hair. Horse may work as usual. 
q*e.oo per (Kittle with written guarantee. 
^ Send for copy, also booklet and score* »r 
l etters on every kind of case and lameness. De¬ 
scribe your ow n case. 
At all druggists aud dealers or express paid. 
Troy Chemical Co., Binghamton, N.Y 
IT’S A FACT 
That we now have more young cows of milking age 
than we can possibly stable this coming Winter. 
They are bred to such bulls as DeKol 2d’s Butter 
Boy 3d, Beryl Wayne's Paul DeKol, and the imported 
bull Karel Bos 1st, PRIZE and CHAMPION at the 
New York State Fair. We will make a reduction in 
price in all lines. This is an opportunity you should 
not overlook. Send for further particulars and folder. 
THE STEVENS HERD. Established 1876. 
HENRY STEVENS & SON, 
Brookside Stock Farm, Lacona, N. Y, 
uni CTCIM Dill I FOR SALE. “Adelbert 
nULolLlN DULL Soldene” 392.59. 
Born Oct 15, 1904. Little more black than white. 
Sire, “Soldene Clothilde Artis”, Sire of 9 A. R. O. 
daughters whose dam made 544.7 lbs. milk, 21 
lbs. 13 oz. butter 7 days. 
Dam, "Felicia 3d” at 3 years made 411.7 lbs. milk, 15 
lbs. 14.9 oz. butter. 
This one will please you. Will be sold cheap. 
T. A. MITCHELL, WEEDSFOKT, N.Y. 
R kgist’d Jersey Cattle, Lin¬ 
coln, Shropshire. Hamp¬ 
shire and South Down Sheep; 
Chester White, Poland China 
and Berkshire Pigs; Scotch 
(Collie Dogs and a variety of 
Poultry. Come see my 
stock and make your own 
selections. Send 2c. stamp 
Fancy of Karcka 130891 for New Catalogue. 
EDWARD WALTER, West Chester, Penna 
HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN CATTLE. 
YEARLING BULLS, YEARLING HEIFERS 
BULL CALVES. HEIFER CALVES, 
A. R. O, COWS, ALL AGES. 
Correspondence solicited. Visitors welcomed. 
WingK. Smith, Lakeland Farm, Syracuse, N. Y. 
No More Blind Horses Moon blindness and other 
sore eyes, BARRY CO,,IowaCity. Iowa, have sure cure 
ABEROEEH-AHGUS CATTLE. 
Seven young Bulls now ready for service. Get of 
Imp. ELFLOCK and PRINCE BARBARA. Write 
for pedigree, description and prices. 
MYER & SON, Bridgeville, Del, 
STAR FARM HOLSTEIHS 
Official records from the office of the Supt. of Ad¬ 
vanced Registry: 
1st. Aaggie Cornucopia Pauline Count, No. 29642, son 
of Aaggie Cornucopia Pauline, to-day’s World’s 
Champion Cow. Official record in seven days 
34.31 lbs. butter. 
2nd. Mercedes .Tulip’s Pietertje’s Paul, No. 29830. son 
of the 1900 World’s Champion Cow. Official seven 
day record, 29.34 lbs. butter. 
None but a reckless person will dispute official 
records. These are the TWO GREATEST SER¬ 
VICE BULLS IN THE WORLD, and they head 
STAR EARM HERD. The largest and best herd 
of registered Holsteins in the world. 
300 Head to select from 300 
4 p. c. aSVst* 4,2 p.c, 
illustrated circulars and literature sent free on 
application. 
Horace L. Bronson, Dept. D, Cortland, N. Y. 
PF* I also have for sale the choicest line of grade 
Holsteins ever before offered. 
Holstein-Friesian Bull Cafves 
FOR SALE. 
From choice A. R. O. Dams, and by such sires as 
lleryl Waynes Paul DeKol and Sir Korndyke Manof 
DeKol. We will make attractive prices on these 
youngsters as they must be disposed of to make room 
for our crop of Winter Calves. Write for prices o» 
anything needed in Holstein-Friesians. 
WOODCREST FARM, Rifton, Ulster Co.. N.Y. 
THE BLOOMING DALE HERD OF 
HOLSTEIN-FRIESIANS 
are bred for large Production, Good Size, Strong 
Constitution, Best Individuality. 
If these are the kind you want write or come to see 
them. 125 to select from. Animals of both sex£s 
and all ages to offer at prices that will please you. 
A special offer on some nicely bred Bull Calves. 
A. A. CORTELYOU, Neshanic, N. J 
LSTEIN CATTLE 
i. BERKSHIRE SWIHE 
B. WHITE LEGHORHS 
All of the Very Highest quality. 
If you desire the best to be had at a reasonable price, write us 
at once, stating just what you want. We guarantee perfect 
satisfaction to every customer who trusts us with an order. 
c M KNAPP ft SON. - FABIUS. N. Y. 
