J 
QUADRUPEDS. 
9 
harnefs, and fhoes being cheaper, and lhould 
they be lamed or grow old, an old working 
beaft will be as good meat, and fatten as well 
as a young one.f 
There is fcaree any part of this animal with¬ 
out its ufe. ‘The blood, fat, marrow, hide, 
hair, horns, hoofs, milk, creme, butted, cheefe, 
whey, urine, liver, gall, ipleen, bones, and 
dung, have each their particular ufe in manu¬ 
factures, commerce and medicine. 
The fkin has been of general ufe in all ages. 
The antient Britains before they knew a bet- 
* 
ter method, built their boats of ofiers, and 
covered them with the hides of bulls ; which 
ferved for fhort coafting voyages.* When 
tanned and curried, they ferve for boots, fhoes, 
and many other conveniencies of life. Vellum 
is made of calve fkins ; and gold beaters fkin 
is made of a thin vellum, or the finer part of 
the oxes guts. The hair mixed with lime is 
a neceffary article in building. Of the horns 
are made combs, boxes, handles for knives, 
and drinking veffels j and when foftened by 
water, obeys the manufacturer’s hand, and 
is beat into pellucid laminae for the tides of 
lanthorns. 
a 
In medicine they are employed as alexiphar- 
mics, or antidotes againft poifon, the plague, 
or fmall pox. They have been dignified with 
■f- Mortimer's husbandry I. 171. 
* Vitilibus navigiis, coriis circumfutis navigare. Flirt, nat. hift. 
Lib. 4. c. x 6. 
the title of englifh Bezoar j and have been 
found to anfwer the end of the oriental kind : 
The chips of the hoofs, and parings of the 
raw hides, ferve to make carpenters glue. 
The bones are ufed by mechanics, where 
ivory is too expenfive; by which the common 
people are ferved with many neat convenien¬ 
cies at an eafy rate. From the tibia and 
carpus bones is procured an oil much ufed by 
coach-makers and others in dreffing and clean¬ 
ing harnefs, and all trappings belonging to 
a coach; and the bones calcined, afford a 
fit matter for tells for the ufe of the refiner in 
the fmelting; trade. 
The blood is ufed as an excellent manure 
for fruit trees *. And in the bafis of that 
fine color, the PruJJian blue. 
The fat, tallow, and fuet, furnifh us with 
light; and are alfo ufed to prsecipitate the fait 
that is drawn from briny fprings. The gall, 
liver, fpleen and urine, have alfo their place 
in the materia medica . 
The ufes of butter, cheefe, creme and milk, 
in domeflic oeconomy, and the excellence of 
the latter, in furnifhing a palatable nutriment 
for moft people, whofe organs of digeflion are 
weaken’d, are too obvious to be infilled on. 
C 
* Evelyn's Phi!, difc. of Earth, p. 319. 
GENUS 
1 
