1906. 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
41 
LAYING OUT BUILDING. 
D. J. C., Tewksbury, Mass., is having 
some difficulty in squaring his sills for his 
buildines. While having some experience 
on construction work, we used the 6-8 
and 10 foot plan. First, decide just where 
the building is to stand, then drive two 
stakes far enough apart, say 10 feet, more 
than the distance required for sill, and 
draw a line tight. Then drive one stake. 
No. 3, and make line fast, then draw line 
across first line just where end sill is de¬ 
sired, and just stick stake temporarily and 
make line fast. Then take some twine 
three inches long and tie around each line 
below the surface of the soil, when it 
is planted, that it docs not start into 
growth until after the upper part has 
started, which is in warm soil. These up¬ 
per roots then take the lead and keep it, 
and the lower part of the long root, if 
planted, nearly always remains practically 
dormant or finally dies. I have exam¬ 
ined many that were exactly in this con¬ 
dition. Cherry trees are rarely propagat¬ 
ed or top-worked by grafting, and the 
same is true of plums and other stone 
fruits, because budding succeeds better 
with them. The pear is as easily grafted 
as the apple, but young trees of it are us¬ 
ually propagated by budding. 
H. E. VAN DEMAN- 
The Tramp: “Please, ma’am, could 
youse gimme er bite to eat?” The Lady: 
“I haven’t a thing in the house to eat.” 
The Tramp: “Well, I ain’t one uv dem 
kind uv guys wot’ll stand eroun’ and see 
er woman starve, ma’am. Gimme a ole 
baskit an’ I’ll hustle eround an’ steal 
separately at the cross, then measure from 
cross, using a 10-foot pole, six feet on one 
line and eight feet on the other, using the 
twine to mark each distance. Then go 
to stake temporarily set and swing out 
or in until the distance between the six- 
foot mark and the eight-foot is exactly 
10 feet; then if sills are carefully laid you 
will have a square building as far as the 
sills go, as shown in diagram. This 6-8 
and 10 foot plan can be doubled if de¬ 
sired. If sills are fairly straight you can 
use to answer the same purpose as the 
line, which is much quicker. Plowever, 
where a cellar is desired you can square 
the walls by line only. ioht. j. allen, 
Delaware. 
NON-FREEZING WATER TANK. 
A very simple device for keeping water 
from freezing is to make a tank of gal¬ 
vanized iron two or three inches narrower 
at the bottom than at top, and set it in 
a wooden box, without a bottom. Set 
the whole directly on the stringers of the 
well, and plank up to it on each side. 
Then the warm air from the well, strik¬ 
ing against the bottom of tank and side, 
keeps the water warm. A cover to the 
box is a good thing. a. chase. 
Budding and Grafting , Questions . 
J. M. S., Carson , Totea .—M ill wood of the 
current year's growth starting from the 
principal branches of an old but healthy 
apple tree, make suitable scions for grafts? 
Should scions always be of the current 
year, or will older wood answer as well? 
What is the advantage gained in whole-root 
grafts over piece-root in pear and plum? 
Are cherries ever propagated by grafting? 
If not, why not? Would you advise budding 
pear, plum and cherry in preference to 
grafting? If so, why? 
Ans. —The new growth of healthy trees 
is good for use in propagating, no matter 
how old the trees may be. The scions 
should be of one year’s growth, but older 
wood may be used for grafting in case of 
necessity, although it does not do very 
well because it is not so vigorous as young 
wood. Whole roots of seedlings are never 
used i-n reality, for making roc/t grafts, 
but only the upper part of them, and rare¬ 
ly more than about six inches of them 
in any case. This T have been told by 
some of those who the most loudlv advo- 
sumthin’ fer youse an’ me.”—Chicago 
News. 
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14 Barclay Street, New York. 
\\ 
cate planting “whole-root grafted” trees. 
I hese upper cuts make better trees than 
the entire roots or shorter pieces of them, 
as I know by repeated trials in making 
the grafts and then growing them up to 
bearing age in the nursery and orchard. 
All my experiments of this kind were 
with apple roots and scions, and not with 
the pear or plum, and I do not know of 
an y “whole-root” experiments with the 
latter fruits. The reason the upper cut of 
about six inches of the seedling or stock 
is as good as or better than the full length 
of it is because the lower part is so far 
'ESTED SEED" 
T 
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EARLIEST POTATOES 
If you w ish to be first in market, gain two to threo 
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DARLING & BEHAN, 24 Michigan St., P»toskey, Mich. 
<&>Z 
After 
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. j. n. GREGOKT 
* SON, 
Marblehead, 
Mass. 
0 % 
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Wo mnko 
a specialty of 
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27 Grand St., 
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seed: 
1906 
Harden Book 13 
Enables you to plan, plant and grow 
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224 pages of descriptive matter with over . 
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Poppy and Sweet Peas. 
HENRY A. DKEEIt, a ] 
714 Chestnut St., r J 
Philadelphia, Pa. 
Two Grand Prizes St Louis Exposition. 
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J. M. THORBURN& CO., 
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r iH 
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SEEDS GROW! ££;££ 
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ACME 
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An Ideal Harrow" by 
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