212 
THE'RURAL NEW-YORKER; 
March lo, 
$9 per ton In some 
ported. The Italians 
giug, or working in 
PRODUCTS, PRICES AND TRADE . 
Somkthing over 8,000 carloads of oranges, 
lemons and grape fruit have been shipped 
from California this season. 
'I’llR catined tomato market is weaker than 
for some time past. Speculative interests are 
thought to l>e back of this talk of dull trade, 
tin* object being merely to scare the smaller 
holders into selling. Engagements of crops at 
canning districts are re- 
and other foreigners, dig- 
factories, are large con¬ 
sumers of canned tomatoes. In a suburban 
grocery I saw one of these men getting three 
cans of tomatoes at 12 cents and three cans 
of five-eent sardines. The storekeeper said 
that he sold large quantities of the two named 
articles to these people, several of whom 
“bunked” in one room, worked' In a factory 
and lived on bread, sardines and tomatoes. 
This spec.' .; brand of five-cent sardines are 
herrings, swimming in cotton seed oil. 
A case of considerable interest has just 
been decided by the United States Supreme 
Court, 'i'he question involved the rights of 
railroads carrying fruit from the Pacific 
coast to route the shipments by whatever 
connecting eastern lines they saw fit, after 
leaving their own terminals. The highest 
court reverses decisions of lower tribunals and 
upholds the railroads in their contention. 
The Supreme Court states that In the cases 
Involved no viplatlon of interstate commerce 
provisions was shown, but it does not deny 
that with such latitude the railroads might 
easily violate the law. There is some ques¬ 
tion as to whether the shippers would get 
any better service on the whole by paddling 
their own canoe to the extent of routing their 
shipments through according to their own 
ideas, but the case in point seems not to 
have been typical of conditions as shippers 
and the Interstate Commerce Commission 
view them. 
How to. Read Eggs.— “Are there any 
books on candling preserving, marketing, and 
how to tell a strictly fresh egg?" x*. c. T. 
Illinois. 
We know of nothing covering ths sub¬ 
ject except in the most general way. The 
egg candler's skill is gained through long and 
keen observation, and the most essential 
points in the trade are matters that be could 
not put Into words. The only way that he 
could pass tills exact knowledge on to another 
would be to fjliow the learner the eggs and 
tell him that such and such appearance 
means so and so. and even with this careful 
Instruction he would need considerable ex¬ 
perience before lie could read eggs with any 
certainty. Of course this does no.t refer to 
eggs containing black spots or those badly 
shriveled or settled to- one side, points that 
anyone would notice at first glance. The 
best way to study eggs is to take some that 
one knows are, say, new laid, a month old, 
and good, fair and inferior storage stock, 
and look through them at the best light at 
iiand. The experts In this city use an elec¬ 
tric light bulb hanging in a tin can with a 
round hole in the side, doing the work in a 
dark room. The egg is held up to this open¬ 
ing and turned about until every part is 
seen. A thick brown shell is harder to look 
through, but even this becomes transparent 
before such a light. A good kerosene lamp 
may be used in the. same way, but a candle 
does not give enough light, so that the term 
candling is a misnomer. Hie chief methods 
of preserving eggs are by cold storage, lim¬ 
ing and holding in a solution of silicate of 
sodium, one part to nine of water. The cold 
storage method is by far the most largely 
used, hundreds of thousands of dozens being 
put in cold houses every year. 
Averaging Sai.es. —This plan of making 
returns for a number of goods of ono kind, 
sold on the same day is quite largely fol¬ 
lowed by commission men. and is understood 
and accepted by many shippers, A commis¬ 
sion man receives 50 baskets of string beaus, 
for instance, sells part of them in the morn 
ing and the remainder at other times during 
the day as he has opportunity, at varying 
prices, owing to slack demand or deterfora 
tlon in quality. He makes out the returns 
at the average price for the whole lot, and 
the net amount that the shipper get is just 
the same as though he had an exact item¬ 
ized accounts of what the separate lots sold 
for. 1 have heard this practice defended by 
shippers, who understood the conditions, and 
knew that they did not lose anything by it. 
The plan originated in attempts to satisfy 
shippers unfamiliar with the market and 
methods that seem necessary to dispose of 
the goods. These people would not under¬ 
stand how the market price could vary so 
widely between morning and noon. If beans 
are worth $1 per basket in early morning, 
why should they be sold at 75 cents two 
hours later? The reason that they were 
worth $1 was that there were buyers on hand 
who were willing to pay that. When these 
dollar buyers disappear, the next crop mav be 
75-cent people, and the dealer, after refusing 
several of these 75-cent offers, concludes that 
he must take this or have the beans held 
over. Just how long he can safelv hold is 
one of the hardest points that the dealer has 
to decide. But there are complicatons about 
this averaging business, and some commission 
men use it as a cloak to cover their laziness 
or crooked work. The produce commission 
business has some of the hardest working and 
most level-headed men in all trades, but it 
also harbors the worst lot of crooks out 
of jail, and the most positively shiftless peo¬ 
ple that ever escaped dying of laziness. 1 
have seen such men sit arctund and let stuff 
spoil so that it had to go to the garbage 
dump, when just a little stirring around 
would have found buyers for it. If a dealer 
lets the last end of a lot of produce spoil, 
se!ls_ it at a bad bargain or gives it away 
to his friends, a little skilful averaging will 
cover the fault and make a fair showing to 
the shipper. When a dealer gets several 
lots of produce of about the same grade from 
one locality, it is not probable that he will 
sell it all to equal advantage. So averaging 
again comes in handy, and he makes one whose 
stuff sells for the highest figure divide with 
his less fortunate neighbor. “What else can 
I do?" said one commission man. “If I re¬ 
turn B. a lower price than his neighbor A., 
for the same kind of stuff sold on the same 
day, B. would give me fits, and no amount of 
explaining could convince him that he had 
not been buncoed.” I have heard shippers, 
also, in market garden sections defend this 
last-named practice, stating that they gained 
as much as they lost during the season, and 
believed that it was the easiest way and 
nearest fair to all concerned. h. 
BUSINESS BITS. 
is man- 
lie gladly 
Those who are studying (he lighting prob¬ 
lem will do well to lortk into the merits of 
the Wonder Lighting Outfit. This is an elec¬ 
tric light outfit in sizes anywhere from six to 
100 lights, it is claimed that anyone can 
operate it and the gasoline engine used in 
connection with the plant can be used for 
other purposes when light is not required. 
K. M. Cornwell Co., Syracuse, N. Y 
ufacturer and full information will 
furnished to any of our readers. 
Having made satisfactory trials of “Bon- 
ora," the new household plant fertilizer, on 
the Rural Grounds we can safely endorse the 
claims made by the Bonora Chemical Com¬ 
pany, 584 Broadway, New York, in their 
advertisement. We are personally acquainted 
with the writers of some of tile published 
testimonials, and know them to be exports in 
their profession, and men who would not 
recommend anything that had not proved 
highly satisfactory in their own hands. 
We wish to call the attention of our read¬ 
ers to the advertisement of the Williams 
Bump Company in this issue. The Williams 
Patented Bump is a very superior pump and 
sold at a very low price; quality considered, 
and is guaranteed by the manufacturers to 
give satisfaction to every user. A brass drain 
cock prevents freezing. The stock is made 
of steel and will last for years. The base 
being adjustable is another most desirable 
feature. If you need a new pump it will pay 
you to write to the factory of the Williams 
Bump Co., Indianapolis. Ind., before ordering. 
Think what a change it must be from the 
tiresome labor of old-fashioned garden plant¬ 
ing by hand, to be able to open the ground, 
plant and cover seed at any desirable depth 
or spacing, at a single operation and at an 
easy walking gait ! Yet (his is just what 
is made possible by the use of tin- Iron Age 
Implements made by the Bateman Manufac¬ 
turing Co. of Grenloeh. N. .1. And the change 
In the methods of cultivation is no less than 
in the work of planting. Every farmer or 
gardener will find a vast amount of valuable 
information in the New Iron Age Book, which 
will be sent to any address, free. Write to 
the Bateman Manufacturing Co., Box 102 
Grenloeh, N. ,T., for a free copy of this valu¬ 
able book. 
The Cash Supply and Mfg. Co. of Kala¬ 
mazoo, Michigan, make a specialty of feed 
cookers which are very necessary for the pur¬ 
pose of cooking lime, sulphur and salt solu¬ 
tion for spraying orchards in order to kill out 
the San Jose scale. The Cash Supply & Mfg. 
Co. have sold a great many cookers in Mich¬ 
igan where they had more or less trouble 
with the San Josd scale for the past three 
or four years, and they especially recommend 
their kettle cooker or their Eureka steam 
cooker. The mixture does not affect the cast 
iron used in the kettle cookers, nor the 
wooden barrel used with the steam cooker. 
These cookers can be used for many purposes 
on tlie farm besides cooking the spraying mix¬ 
tures. 
27 YEARS’ EXPERIENCE 
is behind every 
CALDWELL 
TANK AND TO W ER 
WE BUILD. 
Our Tanks art* tight ami durable. 
Our Towers* will stnml in any Btorm. 
Get our references in your section. Also 
our illustrated catalogue and pricelist. 
W. E. CALDWELL C0. 
Louisville, Ky. 
NCHOR FENCE 
not cheapest but least 
expensive fence you 
can buy. Most econ- 
lomical, because it outlasts 
them all. Send for Free 
Book. 
Anchor Fence & Mfg. Co., Itept. ]), Cleveland, 
Write 
to-day 
Motsinger Auto-Sparker 
Starts and Runs 
Gas Engines without Batteries. 
Noother machine can do it successfully 
for lack of original patents owned by 
us. No twist motion in our drive 
No belt or switch necessary. No 
^ batteries whatever, tor make ami 
( break or jump-hpark. Water and 
dust-proof. Fully guaranteed, 
^ MOTSfNGKK DEVICE M’P’G. CO. 
68Main Street Pendleton. Ind. U. S.A, 
A SIMPLICITY GASOLINE ENGINE 
PPCC fill TRIAI t‘>any man wlio requires power on 
■ WH I niHL. his farm. To prove that the SIM¬ 
PLICITY wit' do more work at less cost In less time than any 
other power or any other engine, we will let you use it tiist, and 
then If satisfied you can pay Ter It on our easy terms. FREE 
TRIAL PLAN, catalogue showing engine in use, instruction and 
experience hook-, all sent FREE to those who write. Address 
WESTERN MALLEABLE & GREY IRON MFG. 
CO., 30 Chase St., Milwaukee, Wis. 
CAPITAL 
GAS & GASOLINE 
ENGINES 
We will sell a 
sample 3*2 H. P. 
engine at half 
price. _ 
C. H. A. Dissinger & Bro. 
-K 7 - 40 ? piierry Street 
Wrightsville, Penna. 
THE WATERLOO 
GASOLINE ENGINE. 
A POPULAR 
ENGINE AT THE 
RIGHT PRICE. 
Write to-day, 
Waterloo Gasoline 
Engine Co., 
WATERLOO. IOWA. 
ADVANCE 
Gasoline Engines. 
We make a spe¬ 
cialty of Gasoline 
Engines for farm-' 
ers. If you want to 
learn about the 
best farm gasoline 
engine on the mar¬ 
ket write to Geo. 
Pohl Mfg. 
Co., Vernon, N. Y. 
Type A 
Are You a Dairy Farmer, 
a Grain Farmer, a Stock 
Farmer, or a General 
Farmer? 
It doesn’t make any difference 
wliat kind of a farmer you are, 
your farm, your barn and your 
work is different from that of 
your neighbor. If you buy a 
power to do your work, you 
will find that to use that power 
profitably will take a different 
arrangement from any you have 
ever seen on any other farm. 
Instead of buying an engine and 
then finding that it won’t do your 
work,why not take up the 
whole question with Fairbanks 
Farm Power Men? It won’t cost 
you anything to have them solve 
your problem, to show you how 
to use your power so it will 
make money for you. Write 
for their free book ou “Farm 
Power’’ and tell them about 
your farm. See what they have 
to say to you. Just address, 
FAIRBANKS FARM POWER MEN, 
The Fairbanks Co., New York. 
Sea its, trucks, valves and fittings, gas and 
gasoline engines farm machines,machine 
tools, factory power transmission , 
factory supplies. 
Albany, New Orleans, Baltimore, Boston, 
Phils., Pittsburg, Buffalo, Syracuse, 
Hartford, London, England. 
There is no gas en¬ 
gine as simple as an 
Olds—compare it with 
others and this statement 
is proved. The repairs cost 
practically nothing . 
f The Most Economical Engined 
For pumping, sawing wood, feed grinding, 
churning, and all farm work. 
The reason why is interestingly told inour cata- 1 
log mailed on request. Tell us your require¬ 
ments and we will help you figure out what you 
need. Send for our catalog showing Type A (2- 
8 h. p.,) Type G (8-60 h. p.,) Types K and N (12- 
1200 h. p., used with our Gas Producer, it will 
reduce fuel cost 76 per cent.) 
Celebrated Picture Free. 
For 4c in stamps to pay cost of mailing we 
will also send you Rosa Bonheur’s “ Horse 
Fair,” the most celebrated animal pic¬ 
ture in the world, size 16x20 beauti¬ 
fully colored, suitable for framing. 
OLDS GASOLINE ENGINE WORKS. 
QQg Cheitnut St., Laming, Mich. 
LEARN TO BE A JUDGEl 
OF WIRE FENCE. 
The size of the wire and the form of the “knot” 
are the vital points to be considered Ask different 
makers for FREE SAMPLES of these parts, com.pare 
them carefully, and you won’t need advice from any¬ 
body. Our Sample is ready for the asking. 
BONI> STEEL POST COMPANY, ADRIAN, Midi. 
IWANS 
Bes.t earth au; 
Te/iphone Pos 
the work ac 
AUGER 
POST HOLE 
AND WELL 
er in the world. For Fence and 
” oles, W ells, etc. Three times 
complished with an 
ivai am XTIwanAugrer than with 
mmv/^ an y other. Makes 
■ ,„ „ ,-- hole smoothly and 
Iqulokly.ompUei I. very durable. ll.ed by U. S. Ger't. 8,4.6, 
16,7, 8. 9 eud 10 Inch, 92.60 cab; 12 inch, 10.00; 14 Inch , 47.60. B.mpl, 
»4 .peol.l prlo. to introduce. Agent. W.nt«d. Inquire of dealer, or wr't. 
diiMt for p»rttoui.ri. IWAN BROS., Dept.No4 Streator, ILL. 
LLc 
FROST 
WIRE FENCE. 
Heavy, high earbonl 
coiled steel wire and heavy I 
steel stays with Frost steel-1 
w lock fastening. Will never sag,I 
jb^lge nor stretch like woven fence. | 
A'most everlasting. Catalog free. I 
H.B. DRAKK&C0..29 Broadway. N. Y., [ 
The Fkost Wire fence Co..Cleveland, o. 
i 
Standard 
Steel Posts 
ARE TO BE DRIVEN. 
Are 1-3 cheaper than wood posts, 
can be used with plain, bnrb, or 
woven wire fencing. Posts made 
for all requirements; will last 
forever. For grape fields they 
have no equal. Thousands in use 
and thousands sold for imme¬ 
diate delivery. Write for circular, 
price list and reference to 
r J. H. DOWNS, 
•' 235 Broadway, N. Y. City. 
JONES -™ 5 
& GATES 
are HONESTLY MADE through and 
through. Coiled spring wires, heavy 
stays, locks that won't slip, GOOD 
galvanizing. Easy to put up—last 
longest—therefore 
CHEAPEST tN THE END. 
If you are going to buy fences or 
eatalog No. 2. 
international fence A F. CO. 
' 622 Battles Aye.* Columbus, Ohio, 
|^i^LA|«nt^ante^wherewebavenene, 
1 L* 
;AMPLE 
***' 
^ Every wire— ' 
both strand and stay—No. 9 gauge. 
Thickly galvanized. Best grade steel. We mail free sample for inspec¬ 
tion and test. A more substantial, stock-resisting, time-defying fence 
was never stapled to posts. We pay freight on 40 rods. Write for book 
showing 110 styles. lSrown Fence A Wire Co. Cleveland, O. 
|6 To 35cls7 
PER ROD 
DELIVERED! 
LOW COST STOCK FENCES -i 
The BEST FENCE for the LEAST MONEY. PAGEFEMCES 
are made of the strongest spring steel fence wire on the market— 
the only fence wire that holds its coil shape and is self-regulating; 
requires fewer posts than common stock fences; carries a heavier 
coating of galvanizing, and, properly erected, outlasts and outlooks any 
and every other wire fence on the market. You can’t afford to buy fenc¬ 
ing without investigating Page Quality. Write today. « 
PACE WOVEN WIRE FENCE CO., Box 710 Adrian, Mich. 
A Never Failing Water Supply, 
with absolute safety, at small cost may be had by using the 
Improved Rider Hot Air Pumping Engine and 
Improved Ericsson Hot Air Pumping Engine. 
Built by us for more than 30 years and sold in every country in the world Exclu¬ 
sively intended for pumping water. May be run by any ignorant boy or woman. 
80 well built that their durability is yet to be determined, engines which were sold 
30 years ago being still in active service. 
Send stamp for “ C4 ’ Catalogue to nearest office. 
RIDER-ERICSSON ENGINE CO., 
85 Warren St., New York. 239 Franklin St., Boston 
40 Dearborn St., Chicago. 234 Craig St.,West, Montreal,P. q. 
40 North tth St., Philadelphia. 22 Pltt» St., Syduaj, N. a W. 
T.nteute-B.y 71, Havana. Cuba. 
a 
ABENAQUE 
Write for Free Cat. O. 
99 COMBINATION CIRCULAR AND DRAG 
SAW OUTFIT WITH 5 H. P. ENGINE. 
Everything, 
on one set 
of trucks. 
Simple, 
Strong, 
Easy to 
Operate. 
GASOLINE 
ENGINES 
and 
SAW RIGS. 
ABENAQUE MACHINE WORKS, WestminsterSta., VU 
