220 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
March lo, 
KILLING LICE ON CATTLE. 
In Hope Farm Notes, page 133, for 
killing lice you advise the use of tobacco 
in some form. To this I would say 
Don’t! Don’t! Don’t! I am surprised 
that a man who has run on the Prohibi¬ 
tion ticket, and who does not use tobacco 
in any form, should advise using the poi¬ 
sonous stuff even to kill lice. It is 
wicked to use it on animals. I never 
used it but once. When a boy Father had 
a lot of calves that were very lousy, and 
he sent me to a cigar factory to get some 
tobacco stems, to steep them and wash 
the calves. Well, I did so, and by mere¬ 
ly having my hands in the tea 1 absorbed 
so much nicotine that it made me sick, 
and the calves were as sick as the boy. The 
poor things stood with tongues out drool¬ 
ing, and would not eat for a whole day. 
It is bad enough for fool men and boys, 
and I am sorry to say now and then a 
fool woman, to smoke and chew the nasty 
stuff, but from the day I washed the 
calves to this I have not been guilty of 
using it, even on a dog. It is just as 
easy to kill lice as to “fall off a log.” 
If C. does not care for the looks, let 
him scatter the fine coal ashes freely over 
the animals a few times. This is nature’s 
way. When out where they can do so 
the animals will go to a knoll, paw loose 
the dirt and scatter it over themselves. 
The dust smothers the lice and of course 
kills them. If C. will mix crude petrole¬ 
um and fried meat fat, or crude petroleum 
and lard oil, half and half, heat it as hot 
as possible, and not burn the animals, and 
pour a little along the back over the 
shoulders and rub it over the brisket and 
all about the neck it will surely kill every 
louse, no matter what the breed. Or if 
he cards his cattle as he should, and will 
have a dish of crude oil handy and occa¬ 
sionally dip the teeth of cards into it he 
will never be troubled with lice. And 
further than this, if the animals have any 
sort of skin disease the crude oil will 
surely cure it, and it is one of the best 
liniments in the world. He should get 
the very liquid, grass-green oil; usually 
it is sold at hardware and drug stores. 
Mr. Hope Farm Man. people like you, 
and what you say is Gospel to them, so I 
pray you, do not ever advise the use of 
such a poisonous, nasty remedy again, 
even to kill lice. j. s. woodward. 
MODEL FIGURES FOR COMMON 
FARMERS. 
I was somewhat amused at your com¬ 
ments on the flock of hens that were aver¬ 
aging considerably over an egg a day to 
the hen. I like The R. N.-Y. for the 
fact that it has practical men as editors, 
who are wrestling with the same prob¬ 
lems the rest of us are trying to work¬ 
out. Here is one I have been figuring 
on: There has been a story going the 
rounds of the papers for the last year or 
two of a model farm of 15 acres in Penn¬ 
sylvania on which the owner keeps 30 
head of cows, horses and young stock. 
I have seen the account in at least a 
dozen papers, and it is also in the De¬ 
partment of Agriculture Report for 1903, 
and undoubtedly is true. In fact, there 
is nothing remarkable about it except the 
high price he got for his milk. 6% cents 
per quart net the year round. Of course 
it was profitable. He paid off a $7,200 
mortgage in six years, etc., etc. Law¬ 
yers tell us a little difference in the facts 
often makes a great difference in the law. 
Now. take the quotations for milk in The 
R. N.-Y., August 19 last. It was 214 
cents per quart net; February 17, 3 J/j 
cents net. These are probably about the 
two extremes for the last year; the aver¬ 
age was about three cents per quart. The 
17 cows this man milked average 26 gal¬ 
lons, 104 quarts per day the year round. 
If he sold as we would have to, his daily 
income would have been 104 quarts at 
three cents a quart, or $3.12, or $1,138.80 
per year. Then he sold five head of 
young cattle each year. He got $100 each 
for them. No ordinary farmer could 
sell Jersey cows that will average but 
six quarts of milk per day for over $40 
each. I don't care if they are registered 
and can trace an unbroken pedigree back 
to the cow that jumped over the moon, 
but at $40 each, here would be $200 more. 
He also sold 3,300 pounds of hay, which. 
at $15 per ton, a fair average, is $24.75. 
Let us put ourselves in his place and see 
“where we should be at:” 
Received from 104 quarts milk 
per day.$1,138.80 
Received from five head young 
cattle . 200.00 
Received from hay. 24.75 
Total credit .$1,363.55 
Government Report. 
I’aid for concentrated 
feed .$ 625.00 
Estimated. 
1 man 365 days at $1 per 
day . 365.00 
1 boy 365 days at 50c per 
day . 182.50 
Filling silo, 11 men, 3 
teams, 3 days each 
(say) . 50.00 
$1,222.50 $1,222.50 
Net . $ 141.05 
We have estimated these labor expenses 
below what they would cost us, and would 
like to know how long it would take one 
of us to pay off a mortgage of $7,200 with 
$141.05 per year income. We are not 
criticising his methods for his peculiar 
case, with a Government institution at 
hand that was willing to take his milk 
at more than twice the average market 
price. It was profitable, but the above 
figures prove—for an average farmer who 
sells his milk at the average prices—it 
would have been a financial impossibility. 
Almost any of our milk farmers if they 
could be assured 6 Va cents net for their 
milk would soon be keeping two cows to 
the acre and raise all the roughage as he 
did, but with labor high and hard to get 
there is no incentive to go into that kind 
of farming. Cow labor is cheaper than 
man labor, cutting hay into one-half-inch 
lengths does not add a particle to its 
nutriment, and about all the money a 
milk farmer makes is when his cows are 
on pasture. I think Secretary Wilson 
should give us a practicable model farm, 
one that will pay its way under ordinary 
conditions. Stephen a. rooke. 
New York. 
Aendior 
^ifeeAampjA 
of most 
economical roof¬ 
ing made. 
PAROID 
ROOFING 
(is light slate colored—no tar spark, gas, 
J water, frost, heat and cold proof. Extra I 
I strong. Don’t take an imitation, get the 
igenuine. Used by U. S. Government andl 
lleading farmers every where. Free s&mpiei 
land book of building plans for 2c stamp., 
L Originators of Roofing Kit in every roll.^ 
F. W. BIRD & SON, Makers, 
East Walpole, Mass. 
Chicago, Ills. 
Established 1817 
The International 
Is the only Silo with an Automatic, Self Adjusting 
Hoop. Also has Continuous, Open Front, Air Tight, 
and Easy Operating Door, and a Permanent Ladner, 
always in Position. Made of Selected 2-inch Tank 
Pine. Matched, ready to set up. THE INTER¬ 
NATIONAL SILO CO., Box 91, Jefferson, O. 
Tou 
can pul- 
v e r i z e 
more thor¬ 
oughly and 
spread more 
evenly with the 
Standard 
Manure Spreader 
because it hag a different Beat- 
er, a different Rake and Hood— 
load not thrown high in air and 
blown about. Spreads full width 
and does not vary In width. 
Endgale Moves Away From Load, 
One lever raises endgate and puts en¬ 
tire machine in operation. Non-break- 
able mechanism to change feed. 
Spreads 5 to 35 Loads per Acre, 
Two apron chains. Write for 
catalog describing simplicity 
and strength. 
THE STANDARD HARROW CO., 
Dept. K, Utica, N. Y. 
Maker$ of Harrow e, Cultivar 
tore, Potato HarveeUre, 
Sprayer*, £tc. 
*4— To 
GAIN PER ACRE. 
That’s what a Spreader will do if 
used as it should be< 
If you have 125 loads of manure to spread and you are going to plant 25 acres'of corn or wheat, 
or have a 25 acre meadow we will tell you how you can increase the value of your crop this year 
from $4.00 to $8.00 per acre or more than enough to pay for a spreader. We issue! a 48-page book 
entitled ‘‘Practical Experience With Barnyard Manures,” which explains the whole situation. 
Our Plan is not a theory. It is an actual fact, backed up by actual experiments extending over 
a period of 18 years. To give you an idea of what this book contains, we show results of experi¬ 
ments made with various crops where 5 loads of manure were spread per acre by the old method, 
and 5 loads by the new method, on corn ground. The latter shows a gain of $4.80 per acre. On 
another field and in another state, it shows a gain of $5.00 per acre, and on a clover and timothy 
meadow, a gain of $8.00 per acre. 
This Book will be sent free to anyone writing us. It is worth $100.00 to you, but it won’t cost 
you a cent. If it doesn't do you any good, it won’t do you any harm. Write us now and let us mail 
it to you. It is brimming full of valuable information. 
The Smith Great Western 
Endless Apron Manure Spreader 
Spreads all kinds of manure, straw stack bot¬ 
toms andcommercial fertilizer regardless of their 
condition. Spreads as much in a day as is men 
can by hand. Spreads the largest load in 2 to 4 
minutes. Makes the same amount of manure go 
three times as far and produce better results; 
makes all manure fine and immediately avail¬ 
able for plant life. 
Non-Bunchable Rake forms a hopper, holds 
all hard chunks in contact with beater until 
thoroughly pulverized. 
Endless Apron is one continuous apron, (not 
a Vx apron) therefore always ready to load. You 
don’t have to drive a certain distance to pull it 
back into position after each load or wind it back 
by hand; it is a great advantage in making long 
hauls. 
There Is no Gearing about our Endless Apron 
to break and cause trouble, it is always up out 
of the way of obstructions as it does not extend 
below axle. Spreads evenly from start to finish 
and cleans out perfectly clean. 
Hood and End Gate keeps manure away from 
beater while loading; prevents choking of beat¬ 
er and throwing out a bunch when starting and 
acts as wind shield when spreading. It has a. 
graduating lever and can be regulated while in 
motion to spread thick or thin, 3 to 2S loads per 
acre. 
Light Draft because the load is nearly equally 
balanced on front and rear axles. The team is 
as near the load as it can work. Front and rear 
axles are the same length and wheels track; 
beater shaft runs in ball and socket bearings , 
therefore no friction. Beater is 23 inches in di¬ 
ameter, seat turns over when loading. Machine 
turns in its own length. 
Simplicity. There are only two levers on our 
machine. One which raises the hood, locks it 
and throws the machine in gear at the same time. 
It can then be thrown in and out of gear without 
lowering the hood. One lever which changes 
feed to spread thick or thin, making it so simple 
that a boy who can drive a team can handle it. 
Strength arvd Durability is one of the most 
important points to be considered in a manure 
spreader. The Great Western has a good, strong, 
durable wheel. Extra strong spoke and rim, 
heavy steel tires. Strong, well braced box with 
heavy oak sill . Oak tongue, hickory doubletrees, 
malleable castings, gears and sprockets all keyed 
on. Galvanized hood. Every part is made extra 
strong, regardless of coA. It is made for the man 
who wants the best, made in four sizes, 35 , 50 , 
70 and IOO bushel capacity. 
Guarantee Should any part break, wear out or 
get out of order within one year we replace free 
of charge. Send for free catalog, showing latest 
improvements. It tells how to apply manure to 
secure best results. 
Write just these words on a postal card or in a letter —‘‘Send me your book ‘Practical Ex¬ 
perience with Barnyard Manures'and catalogue No. 7558" They will be mailed to you free. 
Do it now before you haul your manure or prepare for any crop. 
Smith Manufacturing Co., 162 Harrison St., Chicago 
FOR ALL MIXED FEEDS 
Unhusked corn, husked ears, 
shelled corn and all grains there 
is no mill made that for speed, 
easy running and complete 
grinding equals the 
KELLY 
DUPLEX 
Grinding Mills 
New double cutters, force feed, never 
choke. U?e 25 percent less power than 
any others. Especially adapted for 
gasoline engines. Four sizes. 
Lime St., Springfield, Ohio 
ill 
Size* 
Writ© 
More Money 
Out of Milk — 
Champion Milk Cooler-Aerator.re- 
moves animal heat, odors taint. 
Stops bacteria growth. Milk keeps 
24 to 48 hours ionger.mnkes more 
butter and cheese,brings higher price. 
13 years on the market, thousands 
6old. Sent on trial. Catalog free. 
MILK COOLERCO. 
1 • th St., Cortland, N. Y. 
Cider Machinery—Send for Catalogue to Boomer & 
Boschert Press Co., 118 West Water St.,Syracuse, N.Y. 
JONES PAYS 
FREIGHT 
Wagon $ 
ON TRIAL. 
ALL IRON. STEEL AND BRASS 
Jones Hose 38S, Binghamton. N. y. 
EAR TAGS 
|F.S.BURCHj 
BUTTONS' 
LABELS 
Best, Most Durable and Cheapestl 
| Illustrated catalog mailed FREE upon request | 
F. S. BURCH & CO., 177 Illinois St„ Chicago 
You Want a Saw 
Mill? Write Knight, be has 
- them in etockfor Engines oflO to 12 r 
'horsepower. His little booklet, “ Let 
- ’ Get Acquainted," gives you an explain*" —“ 
' tion. Write for it now. The Knight^ 
Mfg. Company Dept. J. 
Canton, O. 
SILOS 
i ( 
The kind that “Uncle Sam’’uses. Contin¬ 
uous opening Front, Air-tight Doors, Per- 
manent Iron Ladder. Also Silo Filling 
Machinery, Manure Spreaders, Horse and 
Dog Powers, Threshers. 
HARDER MFG. CO., 
-jL 
Box 1 i, Cobleskill, N. Y. 
American 
Agents in all large cities. 
Saw Mills 
saw more lumber with less power and less 
help than any other mills in the world. They 
are lighter running, better made, more dur¬ 
able, more modern in design, and yet they 
cost no more than the ordinary mills. You 
should investigate such special American fea¬ 
tures as the duplex steel dogs, improved 
ratchet set works, quick receder, variable fric¬ 
tion feed, etc. A size to suit any power. 
Also Edgers, Trimmers, Cord Wood, Cut-off 
and Rip Saws, Lath Mills—Full line Wood¬ 
workers Machinery and Supplies. Write for 
free catalogue. 
American Saw Mill Machinery Co. 
l2BHope Street, Hackettstown, N. a . 
New York City Office, CIO Engineering Buildiug. 
Write us for name of our nearest agent to you. 
