27 2 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
March 24 ,' 
CONTENTS. 
The Rural New-Yorker, March 24, 1906. 
FARM TOPICS. 
“An Aid to the Farmer”. 254 
Black Walnuts in Illinois. 254 
The Sale of “Nitro-Culture.”.255 
A Prize Yield of Sugar Beets. 255 
When and How to Dig Parsnips. 250 
Close Cropping in Virginia. 257 
'Tannery Refuse as Fertilizer. 259 
Farm Hands from N. Y. City, Part II.. 202 
Oats and Lime for Alfalfa. 202 
The Use of Fertilizers. 203 
Hope Farm Notes . 205 
How to Improve Old Pastures. 207 
Cheap Silos for Poor Farmers. 268 
Putting Ilay in a Barn. 268 
Keeping Cow-Pea Hay . 268 
Growing Beets for Canning Factory.... 272 
LIVE STOCK AND DAIRY. 
Period of Gestation . 266 
Turkey Notes .266 
Cement Floor for Henhouse. 266 
The Banner Egg Yield. 266 
Lice on Cattle. 266 
Cosgrove’s Poultry Account for February 269 
Cure Wanted for Jumping Cow.. 269 
Light Brahmas for Me. 269 
HORTICULTURE. 
Saving an Old Vineyard. 253 
Planting Apples on Rough Land....258, 254 
Growing Strawberries for Market. 254 
Why Did Lime and Sulphur Fail?. 254 
Orchard Experience Wanted.255 
Kleffer Pear as Grafting Stock. 255 
The York Imperial Apple. 256 
Brief Apple Notes . 250 
Late-Keeping Onions . 250 
Applfes for Oklahoma . 250 
Transplanting Evergreen Trees. 250 
Top-Working Pewaukee Apple. 257 
Origin of Old Apples . 257 
When Shall We Plant?.258. 259 
Egyptian Onions. 259 
Treatment of Kentucky Orchard . 202 
Notes From the Rural Grounds. 264 
WOMAN AND HOME. 
From Day to Day. 274 
Baked Beans With Tomato Sauce...... 274 
Mrs. Speaker Talks . 274 
Y’oung Umbrella Plants . 275 
The Rural Patterns. 275 
The Bookshelf . 275 
MISCELLANEOUS. 
A Frost-Proof Storage House. 255 
Live Fence Posts . 257 
Black Locust Posts . 257 
Products, Prices and Trade. 200 
Handling Gasoline . 260 
Business Bits . 200 
Letters from Congressmen. 201 
Tobacco and a Cat. 201 
Greenhouse Walls of Concrete. 263 
Editorials . 270 
Events of the Week. 271 
Electric Lights on Farms. 271 
Squaring a Building.••’.">.272 
Justice Needed .j,.>,. 272 
Southern Pitch; How Bought; Price.. 273 
Stopping a Leak...273 
Primary Instructions About Bees.. 273 
Cost of Cement Walks.. 273 
MARKETS 
Prices current at New York during week 
ending March 17, 1900, wholesale except 
otherwise noted. The prices of grain, butter, 
cheese and eggs are based on the official 
figures of the Produce and Mercantile Ex¬ 
changes, with such revisions as outside deals 
noted appear to warrant. Prices of other 
products are from reports of dealers, inqui¬ 
ries and observation of sales in the various 
market sections. Where possible these fig¬ 
ures are the average of several sales. 
GRAIN. 
Wheat, No. 2, red. — @ 8614 
No. 1, Northern Duluth... — @87 
Corn, No. 2, mixed. — @ 49 
Oats . — 67 35 
Rve . — 67 60 
Barley . — @ 45 
GRASS SEEDS. 
Per 100 lbs. f. o. b. N. Y. for A1 quality. 
Timothy . 7.00 
Kentucky Blue Grass . 14.00 
Red Top . 10.00 
Alfalfa . 17.00 
Crimson Clover .. 11.00 
Medium Red Clover . 17.00 
Mammoth Red Clover. 18.00 
FEED. 
Wholesale at N. Y. 
Spring Bran . 
Middlings . 
Red Dog . 
Oil meal . 
Cottonseed meal . 
Retail Western N. Y. 
Spring Bran .21.00 
Middlings .23.00 
Red Dog .. — 
Gluten .24.00 
HAY AND STRAW. 
Hav, No. 1 .15.00 
No. 2 .13.00 
No. 3 .10.00 
Clover, mixed . 8.00 
Straw, long rye.11.00 
Short and oat. 8.00 
@19.00 
@21.00 
@23.00 
@31.50 
@30.00 
@22.00 
@24.00 
@25.00 
@29.00 
@10.00 
@14.00 
@11.00 
@10.00 
@ 13.00 
@ 9.00 
MILK. 
Taking effect March 10 the N. Y. Exchange 
price was reduced to $1.51 per 40-quart can, 
netting three cents per quart to 26-cent zone 
shippers, who have no extra station charges. 
BUTTER. 
Creamery, best . 
. 27 
@ 
27% 
Lower grades . 
. 17 
@ 
26 
State Dairy, best. 
24 
@ 
26 
Lower grades . 
16 
@ 
23 
Imitation Creamery .. 
. 17 
@ 
20 
Factory . 
. 14 
@ 
16 
Packing Stock . 
. 12 
@ 
15% 
CHEESE. 
Full Cream, fancy. 
. 14 
@ 
14% 
Good to prime . 
, 13% @ 
13% 
Common to fair . 
. 11 
@ 
13 
EGGS. 
Fancy, white . 
90 
@ 
21 
Choice white . 
. 18 
@ 
19 
Extra mixed colors. 
•- 
@ 
16% 
Lower grades . 
, 11 
@ 
15 
Western and Southern. 
, 13 
@ 
15 
Storage . 
, 8 
@ 
13 
HOTHOUSE GOOD*. 
Cucumbers, dozen .1,25 @1.50 
I ettuce, dozen . 35 @ 65 
Mushrooms, lb . 15 @ 50 
Radishes, 100 bunches.2.00 @ 50 
Rhubarb, dozen . 25 @ 50 
Tomatoes, lb. 20 @ 40 
VEGETABLES. 
Potatoes, Bermuda, bbl.3.50 @6.50 
State and Jersey .1.65 @1.87 
European. 168-lb. bag.1.50 @1.75 
Sweet Potatoes, bbl.1.50 @3.00 
Artichokes, dozen .1.00 @1.25 
Asparagus, Calif, green.5.50 @9.00 
Brussels Sprouts, qt. 10 @ 18 
Beets, 100 bunches.3.00 @6.00 
Carrots, bbl .1.50 @1.75 
Cabbage, ton .20.00 @25.00 
Celery, dozen . 15 @ 65 
Chicory and Escarol, bbl.4.00 @6.00 
Eggplants, box .1.50 @3.00 
Kale, bbl. 60 @ 75 
Horseradish, 100 lbs.2.00 @5.00 
Lettuce, %-bbl. basket.1.00 @2.50 
Onions, white, bbl.3.00 @6.00 
Yellow .1.25 @1.75 
Red .1.00 @1.75 
Peppers, 24-quart carrier... .1.50 @2.50 
Peas, Fla., basket.2.00 @8.00 
String Beans .2.00 @5.50 
Spinach, bbl.1.00 @1.50 
HOPS. 
Prime to choice . 14 @ 16 
Common to fair. 11 @ 13 
Ordinary . 8 @ 10 
Culls . 5 @ 7 
German . 25 @ 29 
DRIED FRUIT. 
Apples, evap., * fancy. 11 @ 11% 
Evap., choice . — @ 10 
Evap., fair to prime. 8%@ 9% 
Evap., com. 7 @ 8% 
Sun-dried . 5 @ 7 
Raspberries . — @ 28 
Cherries . 14 @ 15 
FRESH FRUITS. 
Apples, Greening .3.50 @6.00 
King .4.50 @5.50 
Spy .4.00 @5.00 
Baldwin .4.00 @5.00 
Ben Davis .4.00 @5.25 
Russet .3.50 @4.50 
Strawberries, Fla., qt. 20 @ 30 
Cranberries, bbl.18.00 @24.00 
LIVE POULTRY. 
Chickens . — @ 11% 
Fowls . — @ 13% 
Roosters . — @ 9 % 
Turkeys . 18 @ 20 
Ducks, pair . 60 @ 85 
Geese, pair .1.25 @1.75 
Pigeons, pair . — @ 30 
DRESSED POULTRY. 
Turkeys . 15 @ 20 
Chickens . 16 @ 25 
Fowls . 11 @ 13 
Ducklings . — @ 20 
Squabs, doz.1.50 @3.50 
COUNTRY-DRESSED MEATS. 
Calves . 11 %@ 12 
Lambs, hothouse, each.3.00 @7.00 
Pork . 6%@ 8% 
LIVE STOCK. 
Steers .4.60 @5.80 
Oxen and stags .2.75 @4.90 
Bulls .3.10 @4.40 
Cows .2.00 @4.05 
Calves .4.00 @9.00 
Sheep .4.00 @5.00 
Lambs .6.00 @7.10 
Hogs . — @6.80 
FARM CHEMICALS. 
Prices named are for ton lots f. 0 . b., 
N. Y. 
Nitrate of Soda, ton. — @52.00 
Muriate of Potash . — @41.25 
Dried Blood . — @50.00 
Kainit . — @11.00 
Acid Phosphate. — @11.00 
Sulphate of Potash. — @47.00 
Ground Bone . — "@25.00 
Tankaffe . — @34.50 
Copper Sulphate, bbl. lots. lb. — @ 6% 
Sulphur Flowers, bbl. lots, lb. — @ 2% 
Growing Beets for Canning Factories. 
J. New Holland, Pa .—I notice on page 
154 a note on beets by T. M. White, and 
desire a little more information from the 
author. Is there any danger of getting too 
much fertilizer with an excess of nitrogenous 
matter into the soil, thus endangering the 
beets after put up in tin cans, by making 
them undergo a chemical change, from the 
natural to a sickly yellow color? Mr. White 
seems to use considerable fertilizer. Perhaps 
he does not grow beets for a canning fac¬ 
tory. If he does, I would like to know the 
amount of beets grown per acre and the 
price. It seems to me that thinning beets 
to three or four inches in the row would 
not produce many beets from the farmer’s 
standpoint, or would make an expensive ar¬ 
ticle for the canner. 
Ans. —The article was intended mainly 
for those interested in growing early beets 
for market and home use, as therein 
stated. The object in thinning them to a 
stand of three or four inches in the * -w 
is to bring the entire crop to a market¬ 
able size at the earliest possible date, then 
to rush them to market while the demand 
is good and prices high. I have never 
grown any beets for the canning factory, 
and I am not. therefore, in a position to 
advise on the subject. However, if T were 
to engage in the industry I would not 
change the method of cultivation, except¬ 
ing perhaps if small beets were the ob¬ 
ject; then they could be grown a little 
closer together. For several years past 
quite a few farmers in our immediate 
vicinity have been induced to grow beets 
for the canning factories at $22 per ton, 
the size not to exceed 1% inch in diam¬ 
eter. This restriction makes the venture 
unprofitable, and for this reason the farm¬ 
ers attempt to grow a great many of these 
small beets on ordinary farm land by 
close planting, and the insufficient use of 
manure and fertilizers. The result is 
therefore invariably disappointing. The 
beets are found standing thickly in the 
fields until late in Summer, the foliage 
turning yellow and the small beets tough 
and hard, of little value except to plow 
under, whereas if they had been thinned 
to a proper distance and cultivated by 
horse instead of hand power a second 
crop could have easily been taken from 
the same ground. When beets are grown 
in rows 12 or 15 inches apart the soil 
should be made very rich by the use of 
stable manure, the young beets thinned 
to a stand of three or four inches and 
thorough cultivation given right from the 
start. Whenever this treatment is neg¬ 
lected I am quite sure the crop will be a 
disappointment. The writer has paid well 
for this experience. The quantity of fer¬ 
tilizer to be used on an acre of beets 
would depend very much on the way it is 
applied. Six hundred pounds distributed 
in the row is not considered a heavy 
application. It would require at least 1,200 
or 1,500 pounds broadcast to give the 
same returns. In either case it should be 
well mixed with the soil. The effect that 
nitrogen in the soil would have on the 
color of beets after they are put up in 
cans is a subject that has never come 
under my observation, and therefore I 
cannot be considered an authority. But 
I have no specific reasons whatever for 
saying that the manurial elements in com¬ 
mercial fertilizers do not affect the color 
of vegetables, except the broad fact gath¬ 
ered from a long experience that it 
makes but little difference with what fer¬ 
tilizer .a crop is treated, provided the soil 
is properly pulverized, thoroughly culti¬ 
vated and the fertilizer applied in the 
proper proportions according to its 
strength. Agricultural chemistry may be 
all very well in some respects, but if it 
gets down to such niceties as to analyze 
special plants and tell us that we must 
feed each with only just such food as 
the analysis shows it to be composed of, 
then our common judgment born of prac¬ 
tical experience must doubt such state¬ 
ments. T. M. WHITE. 
R. N.-Y.—We think potash is the ele¬ 
ment most likely to affect the color. 
For the land’s sake use Bowker’s Fer¬ 
tilizers. They enrich the earth.— Adv. 
Two Years Guarantee 
AND A BARGAIN 
Send direct to our factory for catalog, 
make your selection (many styles) and we 
will ship it, freight prepaid, for you to try 
30 days. If it doesn’t stand the test, if quality 
isn’t high and price low (about half local 
dealers’), if you are not satisfied, ship it back 
at our expense. 
You Deal With the Factory 
when you buy our vehicles. Not a mail order 
house or agent. And you can buy just as safely 
from us as from any local dealer. Be sure 
you send for catalog. We make it all plain 
there. We pay the freight. Address Dept. N. 
The Apex IWfg, Co., Bloomington, III. 
Write for Nut Price Illustrated Implement Cata- 
i-OGUE. Robert C. Reeves Co., 187 Waterst., N.Y. City. 
Ruby Raspberry Plants. 
L. E. WABDELI, Marlborough, New York. 
II/H|TE PLYMOUTH ROCKS Eggs for hatch- 
*▼ ipg from large size, heavy laying stock that 
are prize winners. Circular free. 
Btniwrofb Farms, Thomas Steele, Rome, N.Y. 
. I. c. 
IMITATE. J. 
WANTED—capable young or middle aged woman to 
assist with housework In a pleasant country 
home near the city of Rome; one who would appreci¬ 
ate a good home and be as one of the family; Protest¬ 
ant preferred. Address with particulars, T. S., Box 
274, Rome, N.Y. 
PIGS, Reg. Stock, reasonable prices. 
March farrow. I LEAD-OTHERS 
I), DATES, Ludlowvillp, N,V. 
A competent, intelligent houseworker, 
not a drudge. Permanent and pleasant 
position. MRS. T., Box 328, Montclair, 
New Jersey. 
WANTED AND FOR SALE. 
AUTO-POP, 
AUTO-SPRAY. 
Great cleaning attachment on per¬ 
fect compressed air sprayer. Note 
how easy—cleans nozzle every time 
used, saves half the mixture. Brass 
pump, 4 gal. tank. 12piungerstrokes 
compresses %Xr to spray J 4 acre. We manu¬ 
facture the largest line in America of high 
grade hand and power sprayers. Catalog free. 
Write OJ if you wanta^ejjcj, 
E. C. BROWN CO., 
29 Jay St., Roch.at.r, N, V. 
\ 
LAWK FENCE 
Many designs, any 
height up to 6 ft. for 
Parks. Our price, freight 
paid, will i .tertst you. 
Cyclone Fen e Co.. 
Waukegan, Ill. 
Holly, Mlcb. Cleveland, O 
THEY LAST FOREVER 
Standard Steel Posts 
Are to be Driven 
ONE-THIRD CHEAPER 
THAN WOOD POSTS. 
Can be used with plain, barb or 
woven wire fencing. Posts made 
for all requirements; will last for¬ 
ever. For grape fields they have 
no equal. Thousands In use and 
thousands sold for immediate de¬ 
livery. Write for circular, price 
list and reference to 
J. H. DOWNS, 
235 Broadway, N. Y. 
Factory near Pittsburg. 
EXACT WEIGHT 
STEEL LEVERS, DOUBLE BEAM, 6 TON 14x8 
Wagon Scales 
On trial. Pay when satisfied. 
TRUE WEIGHT CO., 
Box No. 5 BINGHAMTON N. Y. 
F arm for sale—a fine water front 
farm, near Salisbury; 600 acres; 300 acres in 
good wood and timber; great bargain; price 
$3500. Send for full particulars. 
SAMUHiL P. WOODCOCK. Salisbury, Md. 
47 ACRES In Connecticut; located only 2)4 miles 
out from dep.ot; 4 miles to two smart manufacturing 
towns with good markets; will carry 4 cows; spring- 
watered pasture; plenty of wood for home use; 50 
fruit trees; apples, peaches, plums and pears; 10- 
room house; barn for 4 cows andpalr of horses; 2 hen 
houses; near a trout stream; maple shade; price 
only $900—$000 down aedeasv terms; full details In 
“Strout’s List No. 15,” a circular describing and 
Illustrating hundreds of the best trades selected 
from more than 3.000 farms listed for sale; 5 to 400 
acres, $500 to $20,000; write to-day for free copy. 
K. A. STROtrT, Dept. 42, 150 Nassau st., New York 
City. 
NEW JERSEY FARMS. 
High Grade Well-Located New Jersey Farms be¬ 
tween Philadelphia and New York our specialty. 
Send for lists. A. W. DRESSER, Burlington, N. J. 
$5 TO S20 AN ACRE 
is the price paid to-day for rich lands in Tennessee 
suitable for raising Cotton, Wheat, Potatoes, Hay, 
Grasses, Vegetables, Fine Stock, etc. Climate the 
best in the world, with conditions of health unsur¬ 
passed. Values increasing, For free literature write 
II. P. SMITH, 
Traffic Manager, N. C. & St. Louis Ry., Nashville, 
Tenu. Dept. C. 
SJ I your Butter, Cheese, Eggs, Poultry 
I I I Apples, etc., to the Oldest Commission 
House in New York. Established 1838. 
E. B. WOODWARD, 302 Greenwich St., New York. 
72-ACRE farm, stock and toolB; only 1)4 miles out 
from fineN. Y. State village; cutting 40 tons of hay. 
and good spring-watered pasture for 18cows; 25 apple 
trees and 3 pear; currants and strawberries; 3 acres 
in wood; house 2 stories (Bend for picture'. 15 rooms, 
piazza, fine maple shade; barn 30x80. with cellar; 
tie-up for 16 head stock; horse barn 30x40, with base¬ 
ment; corn house, ice house ar.d smoke house; near 
neighbors and school; owner includes 9 cows, har¬ 
row. mowing machine, cultivator, grindstone wagons, 
sleighs, good, new surrey, fanning mill, churn, but¬ 
ter workers, pans, pails. &c.; the buildings are worth 
more than the price; only $4,000, half down and the 
balance on easy terms; full details in “Strout’s List 
No. 15,” a circular describing and Illustrating hun¬ 
dreds of the best trades selected from n ore than 
3,000 farms listed for sale; 6 to 410 acres, $500 to $20.- 
000; write to day for free copy. E. A.STROUT, Dept. 
42,150 Nassau st.. New York City. 
NICKEL PLATE ROAD AGAIN SELLING COL - 
0NIST TICKETS TO THE PACIFIC COAST. 
Extremely low rate tickets on sale daily until 
April 7th, to Pacific Coast and other points in 
the far West. Tickets good on any of our trains 
and in tourist sleepers. For particulars write 
A. W. Ecclestone, D. P. A., 385 Broadway, New 
York City. 
S ITUATION WANTED by good practical fanner 
age 23; work on fruit or dairy farm preferred, but 
others write; can furnish A1 references. Address 
BUSINESS, Harrington, Del., R. F. D. No. 34. 
W ANTED—Young man on fruit farm. Good pay, 
pleasant home, work the year round to right 
party. Experience not necessary but must furnish 
references showing good moral character. Address 
BOX 400, Sussex, New Jersey. 
No More Blind Horses Moon fuindness*and other 
sore eyes, BARRY CO,, Iowa City. Iowa, have a cure. 
F ARM FOR SALE—Cheapest one ever offered; 
sp’endid location and elegant soil; good house 
and outbuildings: fine fruit; over 100 acres In 
cultivation: contains 200 acres; is near Salisbury; 
can be bought for $1800; terms easy. Address 
SAMUEL P. WOODCOCK, Salisbury,Md. 
CONNECTICUT FARMS 
If you want a farm in Connecticut write us. giving 
details of what you want with price you want to pay. 
We will send you description of a few that will suit. 
We have more than 100 to select from, and are in a 
position to find you what you want. Write today. 
Carrier & Uamphier, 68 State St.. Hartford, Conn. 
for farms, dairies and factories fur¬ 
nished. Mail orders a specialty. 
Immigrant Labor Exchange, Inc., 2 Carlisle St., N. i 
HELP 
F 
ARMS-For rich farming, fruit growing, fine 
climate, write J. D. S. HANSON, Hart, Mich, 
