3o6 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
April () 
GARDENING NOTES. 
If I were planting another orchard I 
would not plant any plums or late cher¬ 
ries. They breed curculios every year 
that go to the apples and peaches, and eat 
holes in them, making the peaches rot. I 
think very few curculios come to maturity 
in apples and early cherries, and peaches 
often entirely fail, but the plums keep 
them going every year. On examination 
of several hundred apples the past Fall 
no Codling-moth worms were found ex¬ 
cept a few dead ones. Perhaps they are 
going out of style, or have met an enemy; 
there were plenty of live worms in the 
Summer. Many of the Winter apples had 
a wormy appearance at blossom end, but 
there were no worms to be found and 
core was sound. They were not sprayed. 
A gardener near here says onions 
should not be topped before storing for 
Winter. The tops make them lie up loose, 
giving the onions more air which pre¬ 
vents sprouting, etc. Who knows of an 
onion that is “entirely sweet,” as the cata¬ 
logues say about the sweet pepper? I have 
found the latter sweet, but the onions, 
even the milder, seem to have a bite to 
them. _ h. w. 
Asfers for Cut Flowers. 
II., Yates Co., N. Y .—I would like to go 
into Aster culture. I wish to start on a 
small scale at first, but large enough to pay. 
Would half an acre he profitable? I am ignor¬ 
ant in the business, and would like informa¬ 
tion as to all the details. How would black 
muck ground do, or would other land be 
better? Do I plant them in rows so they 
can be cultivated, and convenient to pick? 
What colors are most salable, and variety 
also? Can you tell me some good shipping 
places? IIow much seed per acre? Are 
there any bulletins issued on Aster culture? 
Ans.—C hina Asters may prove to be a 
reasonably profitable crop when well 
gown, although there are already a 
great many of these showy flowers 
grown for the markets of our large cities, 
and in some localities the extra early 
Chrysanthemums interfere to some extent 
with the sale of the Asters. A moderate¬ 
ly moist and rich soil is required for the 
field culture of Asters, and it would better 
be prepared by plowing in a heavy coat 
of cow manure, preferably having the fer¬ 
tilizer applied the Fall before. The black 
muck soil referred to may give good re¬ 
sults, if well drained, but not if it is 
liable to keep very wet. The seeds for 
an early crop should be sown in a mild 
hotbed in early March, and a second sow¬ 
ing for a later crop made about April 1, 
thus dividing the field into two sections 
to be planted successively. The young 
plants will probably be large enough for 
planting out from May 1 to May 15, and 
the ground having been deeply plowed and 
repeatedly harrowed to fine the soil thor¬ 
oughly, the young plants may be either 
planted in a shallow furrow with the 
hands, or else dibbled in by line, the plants 
being placed about 12 inches apart in the 
row, and the rows two to two and one- 
half feet apart, to allow for cultivation 
until the plants get too large to admit 
of the use of the cultivator, and then the 
hoe will have to be depended upon to 
keep down the weeds. There are many 
good varieties of these Asters, but one of 
the best is Semple’s Branching, and the 
best colors for the market are white, pink, 
lavender and purple, in order as named. 
It is rather difficult to give a quantity of 
seed per acre, as much depends on the 
quality of the seed, but in all probability 
four to five ounces of seed will give an 
abundance of plants for that area. Some 
of the finest Asters offered in our large 
cities are grown in greenhouses during the 
Summer, where they produce longer stems 
and more perfect flowers than may be had 
from field culture. Two of the best mar¬ 
kets within reach of your locality would 
be Buffalo and Pittsburg, both of which 
are large consumers of flowers, and in 
which there are reliable commission 
dealers in cut flowers. I do not know of 
any special bulletins on Aster culture, 
though there may be some publications 
relative to diseases and insects on these 
plants, from the U. S. Department of 
Agriculture. W. H. taplin. 
Cement Tombstones. —Some months age 
you had what you considered a strange in¬ 
quiry regarding cement as material for 
tombstones. Not having seen any replies I 
write to say that there are many such stones 
in Maplewood Cemetery, Gordonsville, Va 
I think they were made of sand and cement; 
they do not look had, but there is room for 
much improvement in the lettering. They 
were put up at about one-third the usual 
price for marble of similar size. It was 
claimed to be a patented process, a. r. l. 
IJarboursville, Va. 
Tile Drainage.— -On page 208 of The R. 
N.-Y. the subject of tile drainage is dis¬ 
cussed. Unless there is a very good fall 
two-inch tile are apt to soon fill up in some 
soils. Tile of this size should not be used 
unless great • care is taken in laying them, 
and then only in certain kinds of soil, for, 
as stated above, they are apt soon to fill 
up and become useless. The depth may be 
from 18 inches to three feet, depending upon 
the nature of the soil. Tile placed three 
feet under the surface would, in a stiff, im¬ 
pervious clay do practically no good. The 
distance the drains are apart should also 
depend upon the nature of the soil. Two 
rods are none too close in the kind of soil 
just mentioned, while twice this distance is 
close enough in a porous soil. Determine 
the nature of the subsoil, then regulate the 
depth and distance accordingly, remembering 
that the deeper the tile farther they will 
draw the water. Some are apt to forget, 
however, to take the nature of the soil into 
consideration, and place the tile so deep that 
they will draw but little water, hoping there¬ 
by, to save tile. Others who do not like to 
dig so deep fail to place their drains close 
enough together. Taking the nature of the 
soil into consideration, this rule will pretty 
nearly cover the ground, so to speak : l’lace 
the tile from 18 inches to three feet deep, 
and the drains from two to four rods apart, 
the depth of tile and distance of drains 
apart increasing, approximately, in the same 
proportion. J. d. p. 
I’hoenix, Arizona. 
Paint Without Oil 
Remarkable Discovery that Cuts Down 
the Cost of Paint Seventy-Five PerCent. 
A IFree Trial Package and a Big Book Telling 
All About Paints and Paint-Making are 
Nailed Free to Everybody Who Writes. 
A. L. Rice, a prominent manufacturer of Adams, 
N, Y., has discovered a process of making a new 
kind of paint without the use of oil. He calls it 
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all that is required is cold water to make a paint 
weatherproof, fireproof and as durable as oil 
paint. It adheres to any surface, wood, stone or 
brick, it spreads and looks like oil paint and yet 
only costs one-fourth as much. For many pur¬ 
poses it is much better than oil paint and is indis¬ 
pensable to every property owner. 
Write to Mr. A. L. Rice, 435 North St., Adams, 
N. Y., and he will send you a free trial of his new 
discovery, together with color cards and his valu¬ 
able book on Painting, all free. This book lets 
you into all the secrets of paint-making, exposes 
fake paints, tells you what kind of paint to use for 
different purposes and shows you how you can 
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and the book and free trial of Paint will be seat 
you by return mail. 
FREEAFREE 
Fifteen years hard usage over all kinds of roads 
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Send for “SPECIAL INTRODUCTORY OFFER” 
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HAKVKY SP11IXO CO.. 129 Carver Ave., RACINK, W18, 
Tandem Garden 
Cultivator 
Lou Dillon 
You can cultivate either between or astride 
the rows and you can change for any width row 
from 8 to I6_inches_or from a fractional part of 
an inch to 4 inches in depth by one simple move¬ 
ment^ without tools and in a moment’s time. 
It is the easiest running cultivator made 
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push down the row at an easy, com¬ 
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> The greatest little machine ever in¬ 
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It breaks up and works the ground 
evenly and rapidly and in one-third 
less time than any other cultivator. 
And if it does not suit you better 
than any other hand cultivator 
you ever saw we will take it back 
and give you back your money. 
Write today for free descrip¬ 
tive catalog and price list. 
The strawberry growers 
best friend. 
' 
Schalble Mfg. Co., 
Albion, 
Mich. 
Keen Kutter Tools stand every test of a good tool. You can take a Keen Kutter 
Hand Saw, bend the end of the blade around until it touches the handle and it 
will spring back straight and true. Every other kind of a Keen Kutter Tool is 
as good a tool of its class as the Keen Kutter Hand Saw. The Keen Kutter brand 
covers a complete line of tools, and every 
mu Kumn 
Tool is made of the finest steel and made in the best possible manner by expert 
workmen. This quality tells in actual use—it means freedom from constant sharp¬ 
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Tools cost little more than inferior qualities—in the end they are by far the cheapest 
tools you can buy. Keen Kutter Tools have been Standard of America for 36 
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Following are a few kinds of Keen Kutter Tools, which your dealer 
should have—if he hasn't them, write us and learn where to get them. 
Fi t Jglf Axes, Adzes, Hammers, Hatchets, Chisels, Screw Drivers, Auger Bits, Files, 
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Tool Booklet. SIMMONS HARDWARE CO., St. Louis, V. 8. A., *98 Broadway, New York. 
1 
THE 
CHAMPION 
BREAKING 
DRIVING 
SPEEDING 
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PERFECTLY BALANCED 
No seat bars to step over—driver has full freedom for 
mounting or dismounting at all times—a safety feature 
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| —one above, one below, making this the most impor¬ 
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are 3 feet long—that’s why it is the easiest riding. Seat 
is upholstered and adjustable to any weight of driver,_ 
thus taking the load o ft the horse. Free descriptive book 
with prices tells how little money this really good cart 
costs. Champion Cart Co., Box J09, Ligonier, Ind. 
Ho. 6 
Iron Age " 
Combined 
Double 
And Single 
Wheel 
Hoe, 
Hill and 
Drill 
Seeder. 
Four 
of the 
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No. 1 
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"^St- 
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Write for free book. 
BATEMAN MFG. CO., 
Box I 02 , 
Crenloch, N. J. 
No. 60 Iron Age 
Pivot Wheel Cultivator 
Let Us Build 
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THE PAPEG 
PNEUMATIC 
Ensilage Gutter 
will prepare you a better silage and fill your 
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If you need an ensilage cutter you need a 
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Papec Machine Co., Box 10, Lima, N. Y. 
