1906. 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
3o9 
Value of Street Sweepings. 
A. /)., Trou, A T . Y .—About what per cent of 
nitrogen, phosphoric acid and potash would 
he contained in street sweepings gathered 
fresh every day and consisting of at least 90 
per cent horse manure? 
Ans. —We should not expect such 
sweepings to contain over seven pounds 
of nitrogen, 10 of potash and two or 
three of phosphoric acid to the ton. They 
would be -worth perhaps two-thirds as 
much as ordinary manure. 
Commercial Apples for Albany County, N. Y. 
D. B. B .„ Greenville, N. Y .—I wish to set 
an apple orchard. What are the best two 
varieties for New York market? I want those 
that will bear as soon after setting as can be. 
for a long-lived tree. Give me the reasons fol¬ 
low heading and vice versa. IIow far apart 
in the row, and will it pay to put in tillers 
of some Fall varieties, or pears or peaches? 
We are on the southern end of the Ilelder- 
bergs, in Albany County. My land slopes a 
little to the northwest, witii clay subsoil. 
Apples and pears grow to perfection, and 
peaches do well occasionally. 
Ans. —I know the questioner’s locality 
well, and feel more free to advise him 
about varieties than I should where I do 
not know personally of the situation. He 
docs not say how large an orchard he 
wants to set; so I am somewhat at a loss 
to know as to varieties. If he is to set 
400 or 500 trees, it would be wiser to set 
three or four standard sorts, rather than 
only two. If he is to set but two, and 
wants trees to mature in good season and 
be long lived I do not think he can do bet¬ 
ter than to set one-third R. I. Greenings 
and two-thirds Baldwins. These sell well 
in any market, at home or abroad, and are 
always sought after. The Greenings can 
be gathered before the Baldwins are 
ready, making it easier to harvest the 
crop. If he were to set a large number 
of trees, I should set one-third of the 
total number of Alexander, Maiden’s 
Blush and Fall Pippins. They will do well 
with him, are early, hardy and good sellers. 
The two latter good shippers. One year 
with another they will bring as much as 
the later sorts, and can be readily put in 
New York by the river boats. Again, 
they will lengthen the season of gathering. 
The Alexander is ready the middle of 
August, the other two kinds following 
in order, and out of the way before 
Greenings are ready. I should set low¬ 
headed trees in rows 30 feet apart, the 
trees set diagonally. While there are but 
30 feet between the rows, and the 
trees in the row, they will be 60 feet one 
way, and he will have more space between 
trees than if they were set 40 feet distant, 
and in squares, and at the same time more 
trees to the acre. On my side of the 
river in a more mellow soil, it would be 
better to set 35 feet, but his trees will not 
grow so large. 
I would put in no fillers in the shape 
of apples or pears. The latter would bet¬ 
ter be by themselves, as they want en¬ 
tirely different treatment, and may be as 
long-lived as the apples. If he wants to 
put something in the center I should grow 
peaches. I do not believe he can afford 
to devote much land entirely to them on 
account of the uncertainty of the crop in 
that region. Yet it is safe to calculate on 
a crop once in four years. Where the 
trees grow with the apples and with but 
little extra labor a couple of crops may be 
grown; by that time the peach trees will 
be gone, with little detriment to the ap¬ 
ples. The advantages of the low-headed 
tree are, first, we must from now on 
reckon with the San Jose scale. With 
this kind of a tree, it is a practical matter 
so to spray, as to control it; very much 
more difficult with the high-headed ones. 
Second, the trunk is less exposed to ex¬ 
tremes of temperature; and less trouble 
follows from sunscald and like ailments. 
Third, the fruit can be more easily gath¬ 
ered, is less likely to be damaged by high 
winds, and that which falls is but little 
injured. The only possible objection is 
that the tree cannot be so early cultivated, 
and such orchards cannot well be pas¬ 
tured. These objections are more seem¬ 
ing than real. We do not want to culti¬ 
vate deep, close about the tree. With 
modern tools, such cultivation can be well 
done with the horses outside of the 
branches. It is by no means certain that 
pasturing is'always desirable. Even if it 
were the other advantages are such that it 
may well be left out of consideration. 
EDWARD VAN ALSTYNE. 
Squaring a Building. —To square a 
building, or to determine whether two lines 
are at right angles, measure from corner 
eight feet on one line and from same corner 
six feet on the other line, and adjust lines 
until it is exactly 10 feet between these 
two points. Buie: To the square of the base 
add the square of the perpendicular; the 
square root of the sum will be the hypot¬ 
enuse. The square of six is 36, and of'eight 
is 64—36 plus 64 equals 100, the square root 
of 100 is 10. The Instructions given by 
C. P. O. to D. J. C. on page 87 will not make 
a right angie, and so will not square a build¬ 
ing. Taking his measurements as proof we 
find the square of nine is 81, and that of 
eight is <54 ; their sum being 145, the square 
root of which is 12 plus, and if an even 12 
foot measure touches the two points the re¬ 
sult will be an acute angle, although of al¬ 
most imperceptible degree, f. c. Johnson. 
Justice Needf.d. —I appreciate your ef¬ 
forts to better the condition of farmers. One 
of the worst problems now is the safety of 
our roads; we cannot use them with any 
pleasure, and all because of a few rich people 
who use autos. Our roads here among the 
hills are so narrow and crooked you can¬ 
not see ahead, and the law allows them to 
run 20 miles an hour. My son was driving 
home from town the early part of the Win¬ 
ter, when an auto came on him suddenly 
round a bend, causing the horse to turn 
around, throwing him out and breaking the 
wheels of the buggy, also shaft, for which 
I have no redress. The game laws here are 
another bad thing; we have to endure the 
protection of deer' so that a few rich sport¬ 
ing men may shoot them after we have fat¬ 
tened them on vegetables and grass. I hear 
of one herd of 11. Our boys are not al¬ 
lowed to trap rabbits on our own land now, 
so that there may be more to eat up our 
crops and for the sportsman to shoot. I 
sometimes think we of this day have as much 
to put up with as the men of a hundred 
years ago. a. m. r. 
Connecticut. 
THE 
Who 
Builds 
Your 
Wagons? 
Do You 
Know? 
M1LBURN 
WAGON 
The great thing about the Milhurn 
wagon is the way the little things are 
done. 
And it is the little things about a 
wagon that break down far from home 
and cause worry, loss of time and 
expense. 
Take a simple tiling like the single¬ 
trees of a wagon. 
How many times have you seen 
single-trees snapped off just when it 
was a nuisance to wait for a new one ? 
Look at 
the cutof 
the 
Milburn 
single¬ 
tree. 
Notice that it has a heavy oval iron band 
extending along the entire length of the back 
side. 
Take a piece of pine and paste a strip of 
paper along the face. Place the opposite face 
against your knee and break it, the paper 
will break first. Now substitute a piece of 
band iron in place of the paper and you can¬ 
not break it as before. Why?—Because you 
must first part the strip of iron endwise. So 
it is with our single-trees. No horse can exert 
power enough to break the iron strip on the 
back side. 
These are just the kind of little things you 
ought to know about the wagon you buy. 
We publish a book on these points that, 
carefully read, will make any man an expert 
in judging a wagon. 
If you will send us your name, we will glad¬ 
ly send you one of these books free. 
Just address 
Milburn Wagon Company, 
Department R. Toledo, Ohio. 
ATENT SECURED 
P OR FEE RETURNED. Illustrated Guide 
Book and List of Inventions Wanted, free to 
any address. Patents secured by us advertised 
free in World’s Progress. Sample Copy Free. 
Evans,Wilkens& Co., 791 FSt.,Washington, D.C. 
35 TONS PER ACRe 
If cotton is the king of crops in the South, corn is still the king of crops in the North. Forty 
years ago farmers debated if they could afford to raise corn in New England, but the introduction 
of fertilizers, and later of the silo, reinstated the crop and now it has taken its place at the head of 
crops as a source of both grain and forage. This picture shows a crop of 15 acres of ensilage corn 
grown with Bradley’s Fertilizer by Mr. George II. Thomas, of Windham County, Vermont. He 
writes : “ This field was located close to the highway, and scores of good farmers pronounced it the 
best corn they had seen. The stalks were from 12 to 14 feet high and it yielded an average of 33 
tons of ensilage to the acre.” 
The American Agricultural Chemical Co. 
BRADLEY FERTILIZER WORKS, 92 State St., BOSTON, MASS 
