594 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
July 28, 
Live StockandDairy 
WANTS TO BE A MILLKMAN. 
I am an office man who has spent the last 
five years on a suburban place of about half 
an acre, where I have grown 11 kinds of fruit, 
12 kinds of vegetables, various flowers and 
shrubs and kept from 20 to 40 hens. Most 
of the work is done between live and eight 
A. M. and six and seven P. M., which takes 
all my spare time outside of office hours, 
but it is a pleasant occupation and very in¬ 
teresting. I now wish to go farther Into the 
country and devote all my time to produc¬ 
ing milk for wholesale delivery in a city re¬ 
quiring 12 per cent standard, and wish to 
ask for advice through your columns as fol¬ 
lows: 1. Breed of cattle best suited for the 
purpose. 2. Average production of grade cat¬ 
tle of this breed. 3. Number necessary to in¬ 
sure even production to return net profit of 
$100 per month. All hay and field corn 
(to be ground into meal) sufficient for all 
requirements to be grown on farm. Corn, 30 
bushels per acre, and hay, one ton per acre. 
1 can' obtain 35 cents per 10-quart can in 
Summer and 45 cents in Winter. 4. How and 
what to feed. s. f. w. 
Rhode Island. 
The writer of the foregoing is evidently 
inexperienced in the production of milk. 
The average profit per cow depends so 
largely on the skill of the operator that 
a portion of the query cannot be 
answered here. The conditions men¬ 
tioned, land that will produce but one 
ton of hay and 30 bushels of corn per 
acre, are not very encouraging. Fair 
farming land ought to produce nearly 
twice that amount of corn if properly 
put in and tilled. The dairyman who 
cannot soon bring his meadow land to 
produce nearly twice the amount of hay 
named is not likely to make a marked suc¬ 
cess at dairying, unless he gets an un¬ 
usually high price for his product. Under 
fairly good conditions milk should not 
cost an average for the year above 80 
cents per 100 pounds or 1.0 cents per 
quart. Add to that the cost of delivery, 
and the profit to be made can readily 
be calculated. This means cows that are 
producing 3,000 quarts of milk per annum. 
For the purposes named, the production 
of milk that will average above 12 per 
cent cream, I regard the Ayrshire as 
the most economical producer of milk, 
among the full bloods. If they are not 
readily obtainable, the building up of a 
herd by the purchase of a few purebred or 
high-grade Jerseys, and then introducing 
a purebred Ayrshire bull into the herd, 
and saving the heifer calves, the highest 
attainable results for the purpose named 
can be attained. I have followed this 
style of breeding, and am prepared to 
speak from 20 years’ experience. For 
quality and quantity combined, the aver¬ 
age of this cross produces the finest herds 
I have ever seen. They can be depended 
upon to produce under proper care and 
feeding, over 6,000 pounds (3,000 quarts) 
per annum. The milk will average over 
four per cent fat and over 12 per cent 
cream, for the whole season, never going 
below the per cent of cream named. The 
average is likely to be above 16 per cent 
cream. For town delivery, the breeding 
above named cannot be excelled, where 
quantity of satisfactorily rich milk is de¬ 
sired. If the milk is sold from the farm 
the dairyman will have to hire his calves 
raised off the farm, or purchase skim- 
milk. This he can well afford to do, for 
the quality of cows produced will pay 
the cost of raising several times over. 
With a herd the result of such breeding, 
the skilled dairyman will have no trouble 
in exceeding 6,000 pounds milk, averag¬ 
ing over four per cent fat and over 12 
per cent cream per annum. 
The suggestion, “the corn to be ground 
into meal,” is not to be considered unless 
the market refuses silage-fed milk. 
Economical production of milk for all- 
the-year delivery demands the use of 
silage. Silage will reduce the cost of 
producing Winter milk more than 30 per 
cent. If properly raised, harvested and 
fed, good silage will produce as whole¬ 
some milk as any other feed. I 
can certainly make better butter that 
commands a high price in the markets 
with it than without its use. There is 
enough difference in the ability of different 
me- to care for and feed cows and con¬ 
trol the production of milk to make the 
difference between profit and loss in the 
dairy. I have seen cows that produced 
10,000 pounds milk per annum under the 
care of one man, reduced to below 6,000 
pounds under the care of another, and 
when returned to the care of the first, 
again resumed the former flow. The 
profit to be realized from a cow depends 
almost entirely on the kind of man into 
whose hands she falls. The full informa¬ 
tion necessary to enable a man from di¬ 
rections given, successfully to run a dairy 
of the kind and for the purposes men¬ 
tioned, requires something more than a 
single newspaper article. The inquirer is 
referred to the book “Profitable Dairy¬ 
ing.” 
A knowledge of ventilation, of bacteria, 
feeds and feeding, care of milk, care of 
cows, compounding of rations from the 
feeds the owner has available and many 
other topics enter so largely into the sub¬ 
ject of producing milk at a profit that 
the business must be undertaken as a 
study. At the price named for milk, 35 
cents in Summer and 45 cents in Winter 
for 10 quarts, or an average of four 
cents per quart for the year around, is 
sufficient to make the business profitable 
if conducted on up-to-date methods, un¬ 
less the interest account on the cost of 
the land is unusually large. An intelli¬ 
gent dairyman would be likely, within 
five years, to more than double the pro¬ 
ductiveness of the land as named. Into 
this item largely enters the question of 
profit to be realized. If S. F. W. is an 
intelligent man and goes into the business 
he mentions with a determination to 
make it a success, he will commence with 
all the cows his farm will well sustain, 
and from year to year strive to increase 
the productiveness of the farm and dairy 
unti he accomplishes, an approach to what 
was done by Mr. Detrich on his famous 
15 acre farm near Philadelphia. 
Pennsylvania. c. l. peck. 
SHEEP SITUATION IN AMERICA. 
In regard to the sheep situation in 
America from all data that we are able to 
obtain in the West, the outlook is espe¬ 
cially good in all branches of the trade. 
A good many seem to think that there will 
be an over-production of mutton, which 
I hardly think probable, as the great price 
being paid for young lambs has tempted 
many farmers to sell all of the young 
lambs that they produce. In some in¬ 
stances I know of flocks that do not con¬ 
tain a yearling, two-year-old or a ewe 
lamb in the entire flock. This does not 
seem to tend toward an over-production 
of mutton. Without an over-production 
of mutton it is impossible to obtain an 
over-production of wool. The price of 
mutton has not fallen very much, nor was 
there an exceptional change in the price, 
except where the cattle plungers had in¬ 
vested heavily in lambs. When the cattle 
market took a leap forward, these men 
who had heavy holdings of lambs did as 
they did when the cattle were up, they 
flooded the markets. As soon as these 
holdings were disposed of, much to the 
loss of these novices in the sheep business, 
the market sprang right back to its strong 
basis. The U. S. statistics show that there 
is a deficiency of over eleven million sheep 
to what there was six years ago. Does 
it look as though there is apt to be an 
over-supply of either mutton or wool ? 
Again, the American public is fast becom¬ 
ing one of the greatest meat-eating coun¬ 
tries; mutton seems to be far in the lead 
when it comes to taste. True, the hog 
has been and will for some time to come 
be the principal animal of the meat-eating 
people. But the hog is costing the farmer 
more to produce him, pound for pound, 
so the farmer is eating mutton, and it 
will not be long till the time comes when 
sheep will be found on more farms than 
now. Sheep will pay the greatest amount 
of clear gain for the amount invested. 
Sheep can be produced at the greatest ad¬ 
vantage in a grass country. Whenever 
Blue grass and clover thrive well, there 
will the sheep also thrive. Sheep should 
be fed a liberal supply of oats and clover 
hay during the Winter. As soon as the 
grass starts in the Spring the sheep should 
have a short run on it every day, but) not 
long enough to let them fill on it so that 
they will stop eating grain. A patch of 
rape will prove very good for the Summer 
and Fall pasture, especially so if the rape 
and clover can be pastured together. 
There is some danger of bloat when rape 
is pastured alone, but this is in a great 
measure held at bay when the grass and 
rape can be pastured together. About the 
first of August the lambs should be weaned, 
putting them in a lot by themselves far 
away from the old ewes. An excellent 
way is to have a small lot. say two or 
three acres, about half which is clover 
and the other half sweet corn and clover. 
The lambs will go in this, and after the 
first two or three days they will not know 
that they were ever weaned. Lambs 
weaned in this way will not stop growing, 
and will make the very best of growth, 
and when it comes to pulling down on 
the scales they will be there with plenty of 
pounds, and it will be of the best too. 
Lambs in this section are bringing from 
5J4 to 614 cents on the market, and it 
surely looks as though there will be good 
money in the sheep business for some time 
to come. FRED M. CHANDLER. 
Killerton. Iowa. 
When you write advertisers mention The 
B. N.-Y. and you’ll get a quick reply and 
“a square deal.” See guarantee, page 8. 
New York State Veterinary College 
of Cornell University, Ithaca, N. Y. 
Free tuition to New York State Students. Extend¬ 
ed announcement. Address 
Prof. JAMES LAW, F. R. C. V. S., Director. 
Jersey Cattle, Berkshire Hogs, 
, Rhode Island Reds. 
R. F. SHANNON, 905 Liberty St., Pittsburg, Pa. 
GUERNSEY BULLS from 1 to 12 months old 
Breeding, price and individuality right. 
W A. ALEXANDER, Union Springs, New York. 
YOUNG MEN WANTED —To learn the 
Veterinary Profession. Catalogue sent 
free. Address VETERINARY COLLEGE. 
Grand Rapids, Mich. 46 I.OUIS STREET. 
S COTCH COLLIE PUPS, the intelligent kind, 
also Ferrets. NELSON BROS., Grove City. Pa. 
FAn Cjtl C — Seven Shropshire ram lambs of 
lUVl OHLl varying ages. All from registered 
stock. OHAS. M. JARVIS, Berlin, Conn. 
R egistered angora goats.— Pairs or 
trios. REGISTERED RAMBOUILLET RAMS. 
Write for prices and information. 
MELROSE STOCK FARM. Cincinnatus, N. Y. 
Reg. P. Chinas, Berkshires and C. Whites. 
8 wks. and older, mated not akin. Ser¬ 
vice Boars, have stock returned, re¬ 
fund money if not satisfactory. Reg 
Holsteins, Heifers, Bulls and Cows 
in Calf. Hamilton &Co., Ercildoun, Chester Co., Pa. 
Large Eng. Berkshires 
Imported and Domestic Strains. Matings not akin. 
Descriptive circulars on application. 
WILLOUGHBY FARM, Gettysburg, Pa. 
SPRINGBANK HERD 
LARGE BERKSHIRES 
A fine bunch of Sows coming a year 
old by Grand Premier, No, 80005, bred to Baron Duke 
85th, No. 91215. A son of Premier Longfellow, No. 
08000, Grand Champion at St. Louis in 1904. Book-let 
on application. J. E. WATSON, Marbledale, Conn. 
IMPROVED LARGE YORKSHIRES = Th - *°- pular 
he pc. 
English Bacon 
Hog. Pigs of all ages from imported stock for sale. 
Meadow Brook Stock Farm, Rochester. Mich. 
ERSEY REDS, CHESTER WHITES. 
Choice pigs—any age of the highest standard. 
Write for prices and state age wanted. 
HOLMES SEED CO., Harrisburg, Peim. 
REGISTERED 0.1, C. S&JKM'SS Sfe 
Telephone. E. P. ROGERS, Wayvf 
pairs n( 
file, N. 
Y. 
PRIMROSE STOCK FARM7&!, , XtE? ! Y , or6 ' 
imported stock. 
___from 
A. A. BRADLEY. Frewsburg, N. Y. 
Reg. DAIRY SHORTHORNS and 0.1. C. SWINE 
at reasonable prices for sale. We have some excel¬ 
lent Cattle and Swine; all ages. Write your wants to 
Jas. Marvin & Son, Andover, Ashtabula Co .Ohio. 
Breeders’ Directory 
“SAVE-THE-H0RSE” SPAVIN CURE 
i Trade Mark acres these 
Permanently Cures Splint. Wind- 
pnfT, Shoe Boll, Injured Tendons* 
and nil Lamenew. No scar or loss 
of hair. Horse works as usual. 
fPa bottle, with written binding 
y guarantee or contract. Send _ _ _ 
for copy, booklet and letters R,„ c ,BO«t.Cui)8, Twwuw* 
from business men and trainers — - — ■ -■ 
on every kind of case. All Dealers or Express paid. ^ 
Troy Chemical Co., Binghamton, N. Y. 
MINERAL 
HEAVE 
REMEDY 
DONT 
LET 
HIM 
SUFFER 
SEND 
TO-DAY 
ABSOLUTE!.! 
PURE 
ONLY POSITIVE 
AND 
PERMAHENT 
CURE 
mineral 
rta J 
401 
Fniirfii 
. HEAVE 
Ivenne. 
$3 PACKAGE 
will cure any case 
or your money will be 
refunded. 
$1 PACKAGE 
cure ordinary cases. 
8ent post paid on 
receipt of price. 
AGENTS WANTED L _ 
REMEDY COMPANY 
P1TT8BURUH PA- 
Tuttle’s Elixir 
cures lameness, splint, curb, thrush* 
colic, founder, distemper, etc. Stand* 
Ing offer, good every where; J100. for A 
failure where we say it will cure. ‘‘Vet* 
erln.ry Experience" free. lOOpages, 
tii. perfect horn* hors, doctor. Wfit. for . copy. 
_ -. Tuttle’s Elixir Co., 
30 Beverly St., Boston, Mats. 
CANADIAN BRANCH; 
82 8t. Gabriel Street, Montreal, Quebec, 
R kgist’d Jersey Cattle, Lin¬ 
coln, Shropshire, Hamp¬ 
shire and South Down Sheep: 
Chester White, Poland China 
and Berkshire Pigs; Scotch 
Collie Dogs and a variety of 
Poultry. Come see my 
stock and make yoor own 
selections. Send 2c. stamp 
t-inoy Of Kurekn i;so89i for New Catalogue. 
EDWARD WALTER, West Chester, Penna. 
They grow fast, fatten quick, breed large 
litters, full of milk. The 
JERSEY RED SOWS 
Free 48 Page Catalogue. 
ARTHUR J, COLLINS, Moorestown, N. J. 
ALL ABOUT HOLSTEINS 
Send postal card for 64-page illustrated pamphlet, 
describiug this groat breed of rattle. 
P. L. HOUGHTON, Sec’y, Brattleboro, Vt. 
HOLSTEINS WANTED.—I want to bny purebred 
11 registered Holstein females; especially Cows due 
to freshen this Fall. State price and full particulars. 
Address, Box 94, Cooperstown, New York. 
Holstein-Friesian Bull Calves 
FOR SALE. 
From choice A. R. O. Dams, and by such sires as 
Beryl Waynes Paul DeKol and Sir Korndyke Manor 
DeKol. We will make attractive prices on these 
youngsters as they must be disposed of to make room 
for our crop of Winter Calves. Write for prices o» 
anything needed in Holstein-Friesians. » 
WOODCREST FARM. Rifton, Ulster Co.. N. Y. 
DO YOU WANT 
HOLSTEIN COWS, 
HEIFERS or BULLS 
of the richest and largest producing families known 
at a reasonable price? 
HENRY STEVENS & SON, gNSg 
Lncona, INI". Y. 
Or better, visit the Herd. Established, 1876 
THE BLOOMING DALE HERD OF 
HOLSTEIN-FRIESIANS. 
are bred for large production. Good size. Strong 
Constitution, Best Individuality. 
If these are the kind you want write or come to see 
them. 125 to select from. Animals of both sexes 
and all ages to offer at prices that will please you. 
A special offer on some nicely bred Bull Calves. 
A. A. COKTKLYOU, Somerville, N. J. 
The Edgewater Herd, 
Huntington, L. I., New York. 
Holstein cattle of the purest breeding, Chester 
White, Poland China, Berkshire, Essex, and Duroc 
Jersey Red Swine of all ages A Splendid bred lot 
of Young Stock on Hand for Sale, also Choice Grade 
Dairy Cows. Write for prices and descriptions. 
Address VV. R. SELLEUK, Huntington, N, Y. 
STAR FARM HOLSTEINS. 
DEADLY TYPHOID FEVER GERMS, 
DEADLY CHOLERA IHFAHTUM GERMS 
are more frequently taken into the human stomach in 
milk than all other cases combined. Some cows milk 
also produces stomach trouble and acute indigestion. 
If you are an invalid or have an invalid child or 
if you are troubled with indigestion, write and 
give me full particulars. 1 can furnish you with a 
registered Holstein cow giving just the proper amount 
of fat and protein. When you buy unbalanced or im¬ 
pure milk you imperil the lives of all who drink it. 
HORACE L. BRONSON, 
Department D, Cortland, N, Y. 
HOLSTEIN CATTLE 
ENG. BERKSHIRE SWINE 
S. C. WHITE LEGHORNS 
All of the Very Highest Quality. 
If you desire the best to be hud at a reasonable price, write us 
at once, stating just what you want. We guarantee perfect 
satisfaction to every customer who trusts us with an order 
E. H. KHAPP & SON, • FADIUS, H. Y. 
