1906. 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
WANTS TO BE A MILKMAN. 
Last week, page 594, S. P. W., of Rhode 
Island, asked questions about the milk busi¬ 
ness. The following additional answers are 
at hand: 
If S. F. W. produces milk for wholesale 
delivery at the prices named. 35 cents per 
10-quart can in Summer and 45 cents in 
Winter, he must not go too far into the 
country, or the cost of delivery will cut 
into the income, which under best con¬ 
dition will certainly be little enough. He 
is to produce milk for a city requiring 12 
per cent standard. This is perhaps above 
the average. Dr. Youmans in his Class 
Book of Chemistry, gives 11.70 as the sol¬ 
ids in fresh cows’ milk. The first ques¬ 
tion is breed of cattle best suited for the 
purpose. The Jerseys undoubtedly stand 
at the head for uniform production of 
high-grade milk. As the standard is to 
be high better go right there. Average 
production of grade cattle of this breed? 
That depends—I cannot give an intelligent 
answer to this question. Number neces¬ 
sary to ensure even production to return 
net profit of $100 per month? You have 
the mark entirely too high for a novice. 
A veteran with best conditions could hard¬ 
ly reach it, and he would require a large 
number of cows, as the profit on each 
under the conditions must be small. As 
to feeding, he says: “All hay and field 
corn (to be ground into meal) sufficient 
for all requirements, to be grown on farm. 
The mattej- of grinding hay into meal is 
beyond me. Grind the corn and cut the 
hay if you like, but grinding hay will add 
nothing to its feeding value. Our friend’s 
idea of corn at 30 bushels per acre, and 
hay one ton per acre does not measure up 
with his idea of profit in the business. He 
must double that. Get 60 bushels of corn 
and two or three and a half tons of hay- 
in two cuttings—per acre. “How and what 
to feed?” That will depend somewhat 
upon what is to be had at the most rea¬ 
sonable price in his neighborhood. The 
farm should produce plenty of clover hay, 
plenty of corn for grain and silage. These 
to be standbys. Soiling crops may be used 
in Spring and Summer. Of these rye will 
be first available, but its season of useful¬ 
ness is short. Wheat may be used, then 
clover, peas and oats, by being sown at 
different times, may be made to last until 
corn is sufficiently mature for use, and this 
will carry the stock up to and after hard 
frost, for if cut and bound into small 
sheaves and stood up before being frosted 
hard, it may be brought in and fed with 
good results for several days. But in ad¬ 
dition to these feeds S. F. W. must have 
something to make a balanced ration, all 
the time. He will need to buy protein in 
some form, he can learn of this more fully 
by supplying himself with the bulletin on 
the subject to be-obtained from the Agri¬ 
cultural Department and of the experi¬ 
ment station. Having plenty of feed, and 
of the right kind, he must feed with a lib¬ 
eral hand, remembering that the animal 
must first live, and that all profit must 
come from an amount of food supplied 
above what is necessary for maintenance. 
It follows then that most profit will result 
from feeding of proper food, all the animal 
can eat, and properly digest. In preparing 
for the business our friend has in view I 
would recommend that in addition to The 
R. N.-Y., which will give him much needed 
information, he takes a weekly dose of 
Hoard’s Dairyman to be taken regularly 
for one year before he undertakes the 
milk business as indicated by his ques¬ 
tions. And that when lie does start he 
goes into it. not with the expectation of 
making $100 per month net profit, but 
be satisfied if he meets expenses. Go slow. 
a. p. YOUNG. 
I recommend Holstein cows. If you get 
those living exceedingly poor milk add 
Jerseys enough to raise the average. A 
Babcock test will keep you on the right 
track if you get a correct sample of the 
whole mess. Average production is prob¬ 
ably 5,000 pounds. But you will not get 
any profit, if you get no more than this 
yield. If you buy fine grades at a country 
cost of $60 to $75, feed them an average of 
six pounds of grain each day and all the 
coarse feed they can eat, you can safely 
expect from 7,000 to 9,000 pounds each. 
The profit will depend upon the man be¬ 
hind the cow, and just what does $1,200 
a year mean? After all expenses for la¬ 
bor, feed, interest, etc., are paid, or does it 
mean after all cash expenses are paid, 
making no account of labor of family and 
and home-grown feeds? If you wish to 
have the $100 a month net after all expen¬ 
ses you will have to keep 50 cows. A 
mistake will be made if none but home¬ 
grown feeds arc fed. This would make 
a ration entirely one-sided, unless the cows 
were fed for beef each year and new ones 
filled in. If so, a class of cows must be 
purchased with less capacity for milk than 
I have mentioned, and more of the beef 
form. I have no personal experience with 
grinding hay and grain for cows, but 
somewhat doubt its practicability with 
present prices for milk; 30 bushels corn 
and one ton of hay will not do much busi¬ 
ness. A ton of hay will supply enough 
coarse dry matter for about 100 days. So 
we will need 3^2 acres for each cow. This 
will give you some idea of area required. 
How to feed will depend—probably soil- 
ing with a rotation of green crops will 
best suit the inquirer. Sow rye and wheat 
this Fall for early feeding, and plant corn 
on the same land next Spring, not later 
than June 15. For Summer feeds, be¬ 
sides an acre pasture for each five cows, 
use oats and peas, clover, millet, corn and 
Alfalfa, when you get it. Then feed an 
amount of grain which will average six 
or eight pounds a day for the year, more 
when fresh, less when late in lactation. 
1 he foregoing is cheap advice—it may do 
more harm than good. But here is some 
good advice. If you are getting a good 
salary, and can work on this small place 
at the same time, and get an income, bet¬ 
ter stay where you arc if money is what 
vou want. Many a man has made a mis¬ 
take when he left a good job for sup 
posed profits in farming based upon thai 
received from a small area when labot 
cost nothing. If vou must change ther 
take what information you may be able tc 
get and begin with a few cows, and lean 
the trade. The profits will be smal 
enough at the best until you become ad¬ 
justed to the milk business. In these days 
of sharp competition I dislike to see a 
man suddenly change his business, and ex¬ 
pect to learn in a few days what it has 
taken some of us a long time to work 
OUt. _ H. E. COOK. 
QUESTIONS ABOUT ANGORAS. 
Where, if at all, can I obtain Angora 
goats that will not eat laurel leaves between 
the coming of Spring foliage and the middle 
of September, and which will also not eat 
the bark of young chestnut trees three-quar¬ 
ters-inch in diameter. I low many eastern 
mountain plants does the Angora goat not 
eat? SUBSCRIBER. 
Northern Virginia. 
It. does not seem possible that such dis¬ 
criminating goats can be found. Can any¬ 
one with experience tell us about this? 
In a bulletin issued by the Maine Experi¬ 
ment Station we are told among other 
things: 
It is practically impossible, for a moder¬ 
ate price, to obtain purebred Angora 
goats; They are quite hardy and thrifty 
and can be kept with the same Winter 
care that sheep demand. It requires about 
750 pounds of hay to winter one goat. 
With plenty of young woodland or brushy 
pasture there will be no food cost in sum¬ 
mering them. They are effective in clear¬ 
ing up the underbrush in woodland cov¬ 
ered with birch or evergreen. They will 
likely kill other varieties except very large 
trees. They will clear out bushes and 
waste growth in pastures, in preference 
even to the grasses. Ordinary fencing will 
not hold them. A fine mesh wire fence of 
such height that they cannot rest the front 
feet upon it will hold them, even in small 
areas. They do not jump, but are good 
climbers. They are very docile and intel¬ 
ligent, and make excellent pets. Their 
bush-eating proclivities would make them 
a nuisance among decorative shrubbery. 
6i i 
Swifts 
Soluble 
Blood 
Flour 
— feeding Time 
Feeding time is made easy 
and profitable for the 
Feeder, and pleasant for 
the Calves when Swift’s 
Soluble Blood Flour is 
always part of the ration. 
Glossy Coats Tell The Story 
Calves fed Skim-milk usually show dry, harsh 
coats and suffer from digestive disorders. Not 
so when Swift’s Soluble Blood Flour is used. 
Then their digestion is perfect. Their appearance 
proves it. The daily feed costs less than 1/2 
cent per calf. Ask for literature and a sample. 
Swift & Company, U. S. A. 
Animal Food Department, Desk 3 
Union Stock Yards CHICAGO 
K» IM, - 
<28BSi£> 
blood flour 
' ftUARANHCB A«ALV5t5 
f"OTCl« if (V 
••oiMune • - “ 
MANUFACTURED BY 
1 SWIFTWOOMIVUU 
*1. .'OSCPM 
s 
ill* 
YOU GET MORE 
For Thick Cream 
• 
There’s a chance for you to get 2 cents a pound more for your cream— $4 
to $6 a year more from each cow. Creameries are commencing to grade 
cream—to pay 2 cents more a pound for No. 1 cream than for No. 2. As 
No. 1 cream must he thick—must contain at least 30 per cent butter 
fat—you see how necessary it is, when buying a cream separator, to get 
one that will be certain to skim a thick cream, for you surely intend to yet 
the extra profit No. 1 cream brings. If your creamery is not already grading 
cream, it probably will in a year or two. Isn’t it wise to think of that, 
and get the right separator, when you buy ? This is a sure guide when 
buying a separator the simpler the separator bowl , the easier to skim 
thick cream. The Sharpies Dairy Tubular Bowl is the simplest made, 
nothing inside to clog. 
Cream Thick Enough to Cut 
The Sharpies Dairy Tubular Separator can skim cream as thick as 
60 per cent—puts you on the safe side. 
Gentlemen : I purchased a Tubular Separator. My cream has tested 
as high as 60— the richest and best that has ever been brought to the store. 
MYRTLE E. AUSTIN. (Address on request.) 
Remember ! The easy way to get No. 1 cream is to get the simple 
easy-to-clean Sharpies Dairy Tubular Cream Separator— the only simple 
separator made. Write for catalog L 153 and get our valuable book, 
“Business Dairying” free. 
THE SHARPLES SEPARATOR CO., 
West Chester, Pa. 
Toronto, Can. Chicago, I.I. 
IE LAVAL 
Are as much superior to other 
CREAM SEPARATORS 
As such other separators are 
to gravity setting systems. 
Send for 1906 catalogue and name of your local agent. 
The De Laval Separator Co. 
NEW EtGlAMD AGCNTf; 
STODDARD MFG CO. 
RUTLAND, VT. 
GENERAL OFFICES: 
74 CORTLANDT ST., 
NEW YORK. 
Well 
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