THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
September 29, 
728 
FUMIGATION OF NURSERY STOCK. 
Wh3t the Nurserymen Say. 
What are your conclusions regarding fumi¬ 
gation? Do you consider it a necessity? 
Does it appear to destroy all insects? Do 
you know of cases where it has injured trees? 
We do not know that we have ever fumt- 
gated stock known to have scale on it. If 
we ever should discover a tree with scale 
on it, we would throw it in the brush heap. 
We have fumigated peach trees double 
strength to see if it would in any way injure 
the growth of same, have afterward planted 
them and they have grown all right. We 
practice fumigation of our stock before send¬ 
ing out because many of our patrons demand 
It. h. s. WILEY. 
New York. 
We have fumigated for two years, and 
have never known any injury to the trees 
from doing this. We think it kills most of 
the insects on the trees but not entirely, 
perhaps. It makes but little difference how¬ 
ever, whether trees are fumigated or not. 
Sending trees out into a section infested, 
as almost all sections are now, would be 
like sending a well person Into a smallpox 
district, either case would be unsafe. 
Connecticut. edwin hoyt. 
Regarding the fumigation of nursery stock 
with cyanide, we think, if it is properly 
done, it will destroy insects of every kind, 
and that it is the most effectual method of 
cleaning up nursery stock, that is infested 
in any way with scale, that we know of. 
Certain States require us to fumigate before 
shipping, which is done by using the formula 
prescribed by the Ohio Experiment Station. 
We also fumigate all shipments when re¬ 
quested by customers. We do not know that 
any of our stock has ever lteen injured in 
fumigating, but are inclined to believe, from 
what some of our customers have said, that 
in shipping to Canada, stock has l>een un¬ 
necessarily exposed or else hurt in fumigat¬ 
ing, by the Canadian Government., 
Ohio. THE STORKS & HARRISON CO. 
We have heen fumigating our stock for the 
past five years, and expect to continue for 
the reason that stock thoroughly treated has 
proved to be entirely free from scale for 
two to three years, unless planted alongside 
of an infested orchard. It saves the spray¬ 
ing expense for two to three years, which 
is quite an item to the planter, but as the 
scale is nearly all over the country It Is 
best to spray after the second year. It is 
seldom that any damage is done by fumiga¬ 
ting good matured stock. We have damaged 
some young tender stock by using the same 
strong dose as for larger matured stock. 
We are honest believers in fumigating, and 
shall continue It with all we plant for our 
own orchards and what we sell, unless re¬ 
quested by our customers not to do so. 
Delaware. d. s. myer & son. 
We have tried trees that have been badly 
infested with scale and Woolly aphis, and 
fumigated them and killed l>oth. We have 
experimented with the gas with the purpose 
of ascertaining I lie damage it does to trees, 
if any. We find that apples, fumigated early 
in the Fall, l>el'oro fully ripened, and given 
the full dose for the full length of time as 
prescribed, will be damaged at the roots 
very much. It does not seem to affect the 
tops but a trifle, but we would advise cau¬ 
tion in fumigation during the early Pall 
months. It is not so much the size of the 
dose as it is the time the trees are sub¬ 
jected to the fumigation ; two hours with a 
half dose will kill worse than a double dose 
with only one hour’s use. We do advise the 
fumigation of nursery stock but with a great 
deal of caution as to the conditions. It 
saves the planter one year of spraying. 
New Jersey. jos. ti. rlack, son & co. 
We built two fumigating houses several 
years ago, and since that time have fumi¬ 
gated all nursery stock for shipment out¬ 
side of this State, and upon request, of cus¬ 
tomers have fumigated the stock for ship¬ 
ment inside the State. We also fumigate all 
seedlings, buds and scions purchased by us 
if they have not been previously fumigated. 
In our opinion fumigation is very effective, 
and is an almost absolute guarantee that 
there Is no living scale or insects on the 
tree thus treated, but in a large number of 
cases we think that it works injury to the 
trees. We have noticed the bad effects of 
fumigating peach trees in particular, and 
think that, they are more liable to be injured 
than other kinds of fruit trees. As a pre¬ 
ventive of the spreading of San Jose scale 
and other injurious Insects we believe it is 
the most effective at the present time. 
Michigan. west Michigan nurseries. 
Personally I would not care to plant 
fumigated nursery stock. I am speaking 
from experience, as I am interested in about 
450 acres of nursery stock, that is, apple, 
peach and pear orchards. One lot of nursery 
stock may be fumigated properly and when 
planted make a good growth, while another 
lot might be a total failure, and the planter 
would not be any the wiser until after the 
trees had been set out some time and then 
they would begin to die, or perhaps they 
would never start at all. This would be a 
great disappointment to the planter, and the 
nurseryman would be blamed for careless¬ 
ness. I have one buyer who is a large grower 
of apples and pears, and he does not want 
a fumigated tree if it is possible to get 
others. This is from my personal experi¬ 
ence, and I could cite other Instances. All 
fruit trees will have to be sprayed; per¬ 
haps some parts of the country will not 
be affected with the scale, but they will be 
more or less affected in a few years; there¬ 
fore, when if is necessary to spray for the 
scale, what is the use to fumigate the stock, 
when it is detrimental? 
New Jersey. Arthur j. coli.ins. 
After a number of years' careful use and 
testing we consider the fumigation of nursery 
stock with hydro-cyanic acid gas to lie prac¬ 
tically useless so far as a large number of 
insect pests, particularly those which re¬ 
produce through the medium of eggs, are con¬ 
cerned. Nursery stock infested with San 
Jos 6 scale it is probably all right to fumi 
gate, though we have heen told by careful 
investigators that in a large majority ot 
cases a few scale go through the fumigation 
alive. We cannot: say as to this personally, 
as we have had no nursery experience with 
that insect. We do not by any means con¬ 
sider fumigation a necessity, and in our opin¬ 
ion it should he used only for a specific 
insect, and where stock is known to be 
infested. We believe that fumigation just 
on general principles docs more harm than 
good, for certainly many trees have been in¬ 
jured by its use; injury to nursery stock 
with fumigation is far more frequent than 
is generally supposed, and fumigation is not 
the panacea for all evils in the insect line, 
as some authorities would lead the public to 
believe. In dealing with insects, no one 
remedy can be used for all of them. Several 
State laws which require the fumigation of 
all nursery stock are about as reasonable as 
would be the dosing with cod liver oil of 
every man. woman or child that travels from 
one State to another; however, the fact of 
trees having been fumigated will probably 
render easier in their minds some purchasers 
of nursery stock who have not yet learned 
that possibly more harm than good will be 
the result. We will continue to fumigate 
all shipments going to States requiring It, 
and also will fumigate, without charge, the 
orders of all customers who desire it, but in 
planting trees in those orchards in which we 
are personally interested, they will be planted 
without fumigation. stark bros. 
Missouri. 
HOME KEEPING OF APPLES. 
GET THE BEST 
A Good Spray Pump earns big 
profits and lasts for years. 
THE ECLIPSE 
is a good pump. As 
practical fruit growers 
are using common 
sprayers in our own orchards 
—found their defects and 
invented the Eclipse. Its 
success forced us to manu¬ 
facturing on a large scale. 
You take no chances.. We 
have done all the experi¬ 
menting. Large fully illustrated Catalog and 
Treatise on spraying FREE. 
MORRILL & MORLEY, Benton Harbor, Mich. 
LIBERAL OFFER 
Will nenrl on 30 <lav» trial 100 lb. ko£, about 13 Ballons Takanap, 
price *4AO, which kills SAN JOSS, SCALE and INSECTS. Can 
also be used for Creameries, Dairies and Household. 
THAYEK-HOVEY SOAP CO., Darby, Pa. 
APPLE BARRELS 
prompt shipment. R. 
Three factories. Capacity 
10,000 per day. Low price, 
GILLIES, Medina. N. Y. 
GREAT INVENTION! STRA W BERRIES^ 
Ten hills in a minute. Address, 
I>. W. MARRIN, Canastota, New York. 
mm 
SEED FROM UTAH. Hi* Dryland 
. and Ih free from all obnoxious weed seeds. Shall 
l we send you h sample ami price of our new crop? 
BLACKMAN Sc GRIFFIN CO., Ogden, Utah 
FOR SALE 
JOSEPH E. 
-Crimson Clover .Seed, $4.50 perbu. 
Timothy Seed $1.75 and $2 per bu. 
HOLLAND, Milford, Del. 
A FULL CROP IMTifffiESJTafS 
Fait List. Over 100 varieties. 
KEVITT PLANT FARM, Athenia, New Jersey. 
TREES ARE FAMOUS 
‘wherever planted; are planted 
.„ ’everywhere trees are grown. Free 
_ Catalog of superb fruits—Black Ben, 
King David, Delicious, etc.-StarkBro’s, Louisiana, Mo. 
APPLE TREES, 
Nothing But Apple Trees. 
The Safest and BEST Apple 
Trees in the World. 
We offer nearly 100,000 thrifty one and 
two year old apple trees, all bred from 
selected bearing parents. Every tree 
our own growing. 
ROGERS ON THE HILL, 
Apple Breeders, Dansville, N. Y. 
When you write advertisers mention The 
I t. N.-Y. and you'll get a quick reply and 
“a square deal." See guarantee, page 8. 
Trees Worth 
Planting 
Bred up strong, smooth, 
healthy, strong rooted. Not 
ordinary trees, but finest 
that can be grown. Try 
HARRISON’S 
NURSERY 
stock. Planting the choicest pays in the long 
run. Our prices no higher than you pay for 
average trees. Apple, Peach, Pear, Plum, Shade 
Trees—Grapes, Strawberries, etc. Over 1,000 
acres. Write for fall of 1906 catalogue today. 
^JARRISON^ilJRSERIESJBo^9^ERUN^^ 
GATHER VEGETABLES 
In our VENTILATED BUSHEL CRATES. 
Thoj SET. one-third time. Strong, dur.ble, 
cheep. 5c andllceech,dl«cotmt«onquent!tic>. 
Writ* today for FREE Illuitreted booklet. 
Geneva Cooperage Co.,Box 20, Geneva 0, 
PRES. WILDER CURRANT BUSHES 
One and two years old for sale. Fine stock. Cheap, 
VALIKY VIEW FRUIT FARM, 
C.G. Velie & Son, Props. Marlborough, N. Y. 
450,000 TREES 
MOO varieties. Also Crapes,Small Fruits etc. Best root¬ 
ed stock. Genuine, cheap. 2 sample currants mailed for 
10c. Peso, price list free. Lewis Itoes.h, Fredonio, N. Y. 
SEND TO JONES 
The Wheat Grower, foi 
price list new REI> WAVE 
WHEAT. BATAVIA, N. Y., formerly LK ROY. 
FERTILIZER LIMEY'S 
WALTON QUAKRIKS, Harrisburg, Fa. 
COD C A I C— Egyptian onion sets for fall plant- 
rUVl whLC ing. SEi.H0 per bushel of 40 pounds, 
f.o.i)., cars here. These sets are thoroughly cleaned, 
just right size and sure to please. Cash with order. 
BECKHAM BROS., U. F. D. No. 1, Norwich,Conn. 
SPECIAL LOW PRICES 
FOR FALL PLANTING. 
We are offering this fall for the first time 
Jacob Moore’s NEW DIPLOMA currant, 
largest and most productive of all red currants. 
I have no trouble to keep, and have green 
apples the year ’round with my .‘57 different 
kinds of apples. If you want apples to 
keep you must not let them got too ripe, 
nor pick them too green; you must handle 
them so as not to bruise then, nor let them 
get so ripe that they are soft. I pick and 
put them in the barrels, head them up, draw 
to the buildings as soon as 1 can; never 
leave t hem in the orchard; leave them out 
in tlie buildings iiniil it freezes hard out¬ 
side, then store' them in cellar. Keep there 
so cold that ice will be on a pail of water 
where you keep them; if kept cold I have 
had Winter apples until Fall, when the same 
kinds were ripe again. a. m. l. 
’Albany, N. Y. 
As my apples are picked in October they 
are wheeled to the house cellar and put In 
bins t> x (> feet and three feet deep, the floor 
resting on 5 x 4-inch joist, and the bin 
separated six or eight inches from the wall 
In allow cats to pass around ii and keep 
rats from gnawing holes into the bins. Some 
arc kept in three-bushel boxes and one bushel 
boxes, piled one on top of the others a 
good distance from the cellar wall. My cellar 
lias three small windows on the north side, 
and two small windows and a bulkhead and 
stairs on the south side. Until cool enough 
these windows are left open nights and cold 
days, until tlie thermometer in the cellar 
falls to 32 degrees and the whole contents 
of the cellar are sufficiently cooled so that 
the mercury will not rise much if the cellar 
is closed up; then bank warmly, and close 
all windows and the bulkhead. I keep close 
watch of the thermometer in the cellar, and 
keep ihe temperature as near 32 degrees as 
possible all Winter, and apples have rotted 
hut very little with me the past two Winters. 
In March or April the apples are taken from 
Ihe bins and boxes and carefully sorted into 
No. 1 and No. 2. and taken to market in 
bushel boxes and sold. Last Winter we had 
so much very warm weather that it was 
difficult to keep the mercury dowu, but the 
temperature did not rise higher than 38 de¬ 
grees in the longest warm spell, when the 
frost all came out of the fields. On cold 
nights leaving file bulkhead open the mer¬ 
cury can be lowered. Two years ago the 
weather was so extremely and steadily cold, 
with no fire in the lower tenement of my 
house the mercury did a few times drop to 
31. when I put a small oil stove in the 
cellar a few nights, hut experts at our Massa¬ 
chusetts Fruit Growers’ Association assured 
me that, apples would take no harm with 
mercury at 31. Potatoes in bushel boxes, 
covered with lime or coal ashes, were not 
impaired in their germinating qualities, while 
potatoes purchased at our local seed store, 
had been nearly ruined by cold, probably in 
transportation from Aroostock, Maine. 
Massachusetts. s. h. n. 
NURSERY STOCK. 
A FULL LINE OF 
FRUIT TREES, BERRY PLANTS, 
and General Nursery Stock. Catalogue Free. 
JOS. H. BLACK, SON & CO., Hightstown, N. J. 
We offer APPLE, PLUM and CHERRY trees 
at special low prices if ordered between now and 
October 15th. We have a surplus of large size 
SUGAR and SILVER MAPLES, AMERICAN 
WEEPING ELM, also CAROLINA POPLAR and 
LOMBARDY POPLARS in all sizes. 
Catalogue mid Fruit Magazine mailed free on application. 
GREEN’S NURSERY CO., Rochester, N. Y. 
FOR FALL 
PLANTING 
Hyacinths, Tulips, Crocus. Narcissus, Lilies. &c. 
Ouk New Bui.b Catalogue is sent free. It tells 
all about the best bulbs, also seasonable seeds and 
plants, including our celebrated grass mix¬ 
ture for tlie lawn and 
pleasure ground. 
HEIMRY A. DREER, Philadelphia, Pa. 
TREES 
C nep IA A CDCIRUT DA in Apple. Pear, Plum, Cherry, Peach aim Carolina 
rCIt IvJvJq rnCIUni mill Poplars, healthy, true to name and fumigated. 
Allkiudsof trees and plants at low wholesale prices. Rememberwe beat all other reliable 
Nurseries in quality and price. Catalogue free, Reliance Nursery, Box 10, Geneva, N.Y. 
Wholesale Factory Prices 
on all Farm Utensils, Vehicles and Everything Else Meeded for the 
Farm and Home. Jt Larger Line of Labor and Money Saving 
Specialties for Stockmen and Others than was ever before shown 
tw,.,, origin* Mm, in any Catalogue. JHl sold direct 
f^m the Factory to You, by the big 
KALAMAZOO 
SUPPLY HOUSE 
Fe*d Cutter* 
tfu kind's aizes 
and price* 
$1.90 
Corn Sheller* 
complete. an 
shown, only 
$4.85 
Without fan 
or food tab.e 
only 
$4.40 
Saw Pram*, complete 
like out,withoutaaw, 
$10.20 
Cast-iron 
Tank Heater 
only 
$4.65 
Weight, 
150 lb,. 
15 style,, also Drag 
Hatting Machine! 
Cider Hill 
aeity 
per day, 
°°br$7.75 
$ other sizes. 
Sprayer* 
for San Jone 
Seale, ete., the 
very beat, at 
lowest prices 
CASH SUPPLY & WIFG. CO., 
If you have not already sent for our new 400-page 
catalogue send for It today before you order another 
thing anywhere for Fall or Winter. It shows a com¬ 
plete ltueof high grade Implements, farm specialties, 
dairy and poultry goods, vehicles, harness, furniture, 
stoves and miscellaneous household articles, all ac¬ 
curately Illustrated and described and all sold direct 
from the factory at the very lowest wholesale prices 
on a binding guarantee of satisfaction or 
money refunded. T bis catalogue will positively 
save you money If you are going to buy anything at all 
In our I (tie of goods, for the famous KA LAM A ZOO 
SUPPLY HOUSE never takes a back seat for any¬ 
one tn the matter of high quality and low prices. 
Operating at comparatively small expense and ship¬ 
ping direct from the factory, we are enabled to sell 
everything at the very rock-bottom price. If you 
think perhaps we are exaggerating when we say that, 
just compare our good* and prices with tlie 
goods and prices of any other mail-order 
house in tlie world. You will know then why we 
say we are entitled to your patronage. If there Is 
anything you need for the farm or home this Fall or 
Winter you will find tt In our catalogue, in many 
kinds and styles and prices, and all of guaran¬ 
teed quality. Send for this catalogue and we will 
mall it, postage paid, at once. This does not put you 
under any obligations. We want you to have the 
catalogue. Address 
661 Lawrence Square, KALAMAZOO, MICH. 
Don’t Neglect 66 
Fall Spraying 
SCALECIDE 
99 Fall Spray¬ 
ing is Best 
WILL POSITIVELY 
DESTROY 
SAN JOSE, COTTONY MAPLE SCALE, PEAR PSYLLA, Etc. 
Without Injury to the Trees. Samples, Prices ami Endorsement of Experiment Stations on Application. 
G-. ra.jSLTT CO., Dept. A, 11 Broadway, WEW YOB.K CITY. 
