782 
October 20, 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
Live Stock and Dairy 
VENTILATION FOR A HENHOUSE. 
I am building a chicken house 7 x 10, 
five feet high back, seven feet high front. 
Will you tell me the position and area of 
intake and ventilator necessary to insure 
perfect ventilation, and how far from ground 
the bottom of ventilator should be? Should 
it spread at bottom, and if so, how much? 
Should probably use stove pipe for ventilator 
and build in iptakes right into side walls. 
House will face south, i. e.. the seven feet 
elevation. The diagram below gives my idea. 
New York. J. w. w. 
I question the advisability of building a 
house of the size and shape of the one in 
question. I also feel perfectly certain that 
the system of ventilation mentioned is 
wholly unnecessary; in fact, positively 
dangerous. We are learning these days 
what we ought to have known years ago; 
that the simplest method of getting fresh 
air in and foul air out of a poultry house 
is to make the building so open that the 
hens will practically live in fresh air all 
the time, day and night; therefore not live 
in extremes, which are sure to occur 
where fowls are kept in the stagnant air 
of a poultry house where we endeavor 
to shut the hens up tight and then 
change the air by means of some 
ventilating contrivance. The chief diffi¬ 
culty with any of the ventilator shafts, 
which work successfully in dwelling 
houses and fairly well in barns, is that 
there is not enough heat generated by the 
bodies of the fowls, which are extremely 
small in comparison to the amount of air 
space, particularly so when henhouses are 
compared to buildings for other kinds of 
live stock. The lack of heat to warm the 
air makes it difficult to cause the venti¬ 
lator shafts to draw properly. The only 
cases that I have ever seen where an at¬ 
tempt has been made to adapt the system 
to poultry houses, there has been a too 
rapid suction of air from the house at 
certain times and no action on the part 
of the ventilators at other times. I would 
suggest therefore that no ventilator be 
placed in the.building, but that one win¬ 
dow of glass should be provided in the 
front of the house, also a window of cloth. 
Roughly speaking, the cloth window 
should be twice as large as the glass 
window. The cloth should be light mus¬ 
lin. The heaviest grade keeps out too 
much air. This should not be oiled. It 
should be hung on a frame hinged at the 
top, so that it can be raised up against 
the roof out of the way during the day 
and the night, except during extremely 
cold or very stormy weather. The bot¬ 
tom of the cloth window should be not 
less than three feet above the floor. This 
is to prevent the wind striking the fowls 
when the cloth window is raised. They 
are. as it were, behind a wind-break. 1 he 
glass window need not be opened except 
during the Summer, when it should be 
removed by swinging it to one side 
against the wall out of the way. The 
window should be high up and down, the 
top at least six or seven feet from the 
floor. The surprising thing about this 
method of hens living in fresh air is that 
they do not suffer from the cold anything 
like as much as the hens which are made 
tender by confining them to the warmer, 
closer, impure air which usually is to be 
found in most of the old type henhouses.' 
One thickness of matched lumber covered 
with heavy red-repe paper is all that is 
necessary in most parts of the State of 
New York, except possibly on the north 
side and on the roof above the place 
where the fowls roost. A muslin curtain 
can be dropped from the roof in front of 
the perches where the fowls roost, and it 
can be used to confine the heat radiated 
from the fowls’ bodies during an exces¬ 
sively cold blizzard spell. It will be from 
four to six degrees warmer thereby, and 
the curtain being loose and porous per¬ 
mits the air to diffuse through gradually 
without causing drafts, and still the air 
remains surprisingly pure. 
It is not economical to build a poultry 
house as narrow as 10 feet wide. They 
should never be built less than 12 feet 
deep, and 15 or 16 is better. If the house 
is being built for one dozen or 15 fowls 
it would be better to build it eight or 
nine feet square rather than 7x10. The 
nearer square a pen or building can be 
built the more economical it is in con¬ 
struction. For a pen 12 feet square the 
back should be five feet high and the 
front about 8]A feet, in order to give the 
proper pitch. 
If the correspondent insists on placing 
a ventilator in the house I would suggest 
that he have on top of the shaft on the 
outside a device which will turn with the 
wind, so that the air will always be 
sucked out, and cannot blow directly down 
the shaft. This should have an opening 
near the floor and also near the ceiling, 
both of these to be controlled by slides, 
so that either one or both can be open 
or cut out. The most impure air to be 
found in a henhouse is near the ceiling, 
and is not very effectively removed 
where the shaft opens only at the floor, 
which is always kept cold, owing to the 
air currents which are formed. The 
whole philosophy of the cloth window or 
the open air system of ventilating a 
poultry house is based on this principle 
that you “cannot blow into a bottle.” It 
will readily be seen that the type of house 
which I have recommended must be ab¬ 
solutely tight on all sides except the 
front. The wind cannot enter readily in 
large volume. If, however, there should 
be an opening on the opposite side or the 
roof of the house, even a nail hole or a 
knot hole, the air would suck through, 
causing violent drafts and making the 
house cold. james e.. rice. 
"There is more milk being handled In this 
section than for some years. Pasture is 
rather short, but there is a fairly good crop 
of hay and a good corn crop, more silos being 
filled than for some time. Most dairymen 
are beginning to feed grain or corn fodder. 
Milk is higher than a year ago at this 
season. No cows are changing hands. Taken 
on the whole, the outlook is very encourag¬ 
ing. i. v. R. 
Van Etten, N. Y. 
I have had much experience with milking 
tubes and rarely is continued use anything 
but disastrous. Sometimes it is necessary 
when the end of the teat has been lacerated, 
or in the last stages of so-called contagious 
garget to prevent inflammation. The tube 
should be kept in a clean place and dipped 
in hot water just before use, but with all 
of this care and precaution continued use 
means loss. h. e. cook. 
When you write advertisers mentiorf The 
R. N.-Y. and you’ll get a quick reply and 
“a square deal.” See guarantee, page 14. 
SAVE MONEY 
ON HARNESS 
DIRECT FROM FACTORY | 
Get a better harness, made like 
yon want It, and save money. 
Made of best oak-tanned, select¬ 
ed leather. Return at our ex¬ 
pense, if not satisfac- 
ory, and get your 
^ money. Our illus- I 
trated catalog No. [ 
P with price list 
•will surprise you. 
Sent free. Write. 
1 The King Harness Co., 
6 Takest. 
- c^OWEGO,TIOGA CO., H.Y. 
THE PAYING HEH 
is the laying hen. Feed her green cut bone and 
get twice the eggs, more fertile, better hatches, 
heavier fowls, earlier broilers and bigger profits. 
Mann’s Latest Model Bone Cutter 
cuts all bone, meat and gristle—never clogs. 
10 Days Free Trial. No money in advance. 
Return at our expense if not satisfied. Cat’lg free. 
F. W. MANN CQ„ Box i 6 Milford. Mass. 
Poultry Supplies 
We keep everything 
‘ " i Pot '' 
— X 1 dicing, X’ CJCLl, All- 
cubators, Live Stock, 
Brooders—anything— 
it’s our business. Call or let us send 
you our Illustrated Catalog it’s free. 
Excelsior Wire & Poultry Supply Co., 
Dept. HG, 26-28 Vesey St„ New York. 
DANA_ LABEL 
stamped with your 
f name or address, also 
numbers. The best 
mark for all live stock 
to save loss or confusion. 
Samples Free. Agents Wanted. 
C. H. DANA, 74 Main St., 
West Lebanon, N. H. 
BONNIE BRAE,«' d '& h se c o"b 
POULTRY FARM, 
Nou/Rnohollo N Y Ducks, winners of 22 rib- 
I»G“ nUUIbllG, ni I ■ bons at last Madison 
Square Garden and Poughkeepsie shows. Special 
bargain prices during the Summer and early Fall of 
mated pens of 10 yearling hens and one selected cock- 
eral of a fine breed. Single or Rose Comb White 
Leghorns, $15.00 per pen. 1.000 laying pullets now 
ready. Choice mammoth Pekin Ducks for breeding, 
$1 each for any number. Selected breeders, $1.50 each. 
STONE RIDGE, 
NEW YORK. 
VV. Plymouth Kocks and \V. Holland Turkeys. 
PF If IN minify Now is the time to get your Fall 
ruum UUUIVd show birds from yards contain¬ 
ing First Prize pair at N. Y. State Fair. 1905, also 
many other winners. Let us know your wants, $1.00 
to $3.00 each. WALTER McEWAN, Lauder¬ 
dale Farm, Loudonville, Albany Co., N. Y. 
Var’s Poultry, Pigeons, Parrots, Dogs, Cats, 
Ferrets, etc. Eggs a specialty. 60 p. book, 10c. 
T '* n ’ ■ ~ 
R0CK-H0LLAND FARM 
90 
Rates free. J. A^lERGEY, Box8,Telford,Pa. 
PARKED, RUFF ANI> WHITE PLYMOUTH 
ROCKS, White Wyandottes, White Minorcas, 
White Leghorns, Mammoth Pekin Ducks; $3.00 each, 
$7.50 for trio, $12.00 for breeding pen. Catalogue free, 
EDWARD G. NOONAN, Proprietor East Donegal 
Poultry Yards, Marietta, Pennsylvania. 
COLUMBIAN WYANDOTTES-irM^; 
$15. CAROLINE E. PUTNEY, South Berlin, N. Y. 
EMPIRE STATE S. C. WHITE LEGHORNS 
Winners at N. Y. State Fair, 1904-05. Cockerels and 
Pullets, five months old, $ 1.00 each. Catalogue free. 
C. H. ZIMMER, R. D. 41, Weedsport, N. Y. 
1000 BARRED ROCKS. lT% 
low. 90 acre farm well equipped for the business can 
be bad for nominal rent. BOX 84, Olneyville, R. I. 
CHOICE S. C. BROWN LEGHORNS 
from Boston Winners, farm raised, cockerels and 
pullets, $1.50 each; hens $1.00 each. Address 
C. S. COOK Jr., West Newton, Mass. 
R. C. RHODE ISLAND REDS. Partridge and 
White Wyandottes. Fine stock from best strains. 
Return privilege. Cockerels and Pullets $2 to $25 
each. SINCLAIR SMITH, 002 5th St., Brooklyn, N. Y. 
IUTAPLE VILLA POULTRY YARDS can fill orders from all vari- 
1 1 eties, AndaluRlans, Rocks, Wyandottes, Minorcas, Leghorns, 
Hamburgs, Spanish, Anconas, Javas. W. G. Mosher,Sylvania,Pa. 
R ( 
OSE COMB Brown Leghorn Cockerels. Best strain. 
Price reasonable. I. C. Hawkins, Bullville, N. Y. 
UTILITY! 
Laying ability flrst,standard require¬ 
ments second. LARGEST POULTRY 
PLANT IN AMERICA. S. C White 
Leghorns, White Wyandottes, Barred 
Plymouth Rocks. Free Booklet. 
WOODLANDS FARM, Iona, New Jersey. 
SPORTING AND PET DOGS, 
Cattle, Sheep, Swine, Pigeons, 
Ferrets and Rabbits. Eight 
cents for fifty page illustrated 
catalogue. 
C. G. LLOYDT, 
Dept. K, Sayre, l J a. 
FCnpCTC Raised in small lots are strong and 
I dlllE. I v healthy. Warranted good rat and 
rabbit hunters. Descriptive circular and price list 
free. Shady Lawn Ferret Farm, New London, Ohio. 
• 15,000 FERRETS, 
illustrated ferret book published. 48 pages 
of practical experience from a life study 
^ of these useful little animals, telling how 
to successfully breed and work ferrets, how ferrets 
clear buildings of rats, drive rabbits from burrows. 
Price list free, samlel Farnsworth, Middletown, Ohio. 
Registered Angora Goats, Rambouillet sheep, 
Holstein cattle. J. E.VanGelder, Hammondsport.N.Y. 
O. I. C. PIGS. 
May, June, August and September farrow. Silver 
Stock. Five strains not akin. Young Boars and 
Brood Sows. All registered stock. Prices reasonable. 
E. J. SCHWARTZ, East 1’harsalia, New York 
Large English Berkshire Pigs, Scotch Collie 
Female Pups, B. Rock and Buff Orpington Chickens. 
Stock right and prices. W. A. Bothers, Peru Lack, Pa. 
REG. 0. I. G. PIGS AND GILTS, 
Shropshire Yearling Rams and Ram Lambs. Can 
please the hardest to please. 
CEDAR LAWN FARM, Ludlowville, N. Y. 
Kalorama Farm Berkshires 
ARE BRED RIGHT; GROWN RIGHT, AND SOLD RIGHT. 
imported 
; popular 
uld be pleased to 
Choice Breeding Stock of the most 
and American bred strains. Won! 
describe them to you. 
CALVIN J. HUSON, Penn Yan, N. Y. 
JERSEY REDS GET HEAVY FAST 
It’s “Pounds that count.” Buy Jersey Red 
Pigs—the rapid growers. Strong, vigorous, 
small-boned, long-bodied. Nine months 
pigs often dress 350 lbs. Buy a pair now. 
Get quick profits. Circular Free. 
A. J. COLLINS, Box R , Moorestown, N. J. 
SPRINGBANK HERD 
LARGE BERKSHIRES 
A fine bunch of Sows coming a year 
old by Grand Premier, No, 80005, bred to Baron Duke 
85th, No. 91215. A son of Premier Longfellow, No. 
68600, Grand Champion at St. Louis in 15104. Booklet 
on application. J. E. WATSON, Marbledale, Conn. 
Reg. P. Chinas, Berhshires and C. Whites. 
8 wks. and older, mated not akin. Ser¬ 
vice Boars, have stock returned, re¬ 
fund money if not satisfactory. Reg. 
Holsteins. Heifers, Bulls and Cow* 
in Calf. Hamilton &Co., Erclldoun, Chester Co., Pa. 
IMPROVED URGE YORKSHIRES5L h ,! s K u co" 
Hog. Pigs of all ages from imported stock for sale. 
Meadow Brook Stock Farm, Rochester, Mich. 
PRIMROSE STOCK FARM^feSKSSm 
imported stock. A. A. BRADLEY, Frewsburg, N. Y. 
FOR SALE. 
Pure Chester White Pigs. Yearlings and Pullets 
from Wyekoff-Van Dreser Strain of S. C. W. Leg- 
horns. S. GORDON, Dunn Farm, Chazy, New York. 
BERKSHIRES. 
American and English Breeding; the best at reason¬ 
able prices. Matings not akin. 
Descriptive circulars on application. 
WILLOUGHBY FARM, Gettysburg:, Pa. 
ANGUS CATTLE, the°best! 
Must sell 15 choice BULLS quick to make room. 
Poland-China Hogs. Write for bargains. 
MYER & SON, Bridgeville, Delaware. 
COTTAGE GROVE STOCK FARM 
lias for sale Jersey Bulls from one to nine months 
old, St Lambert Strains, Oxford Down Sheep, Poland 
China Swine. S. E. GILLETT, Ravenna, Ohio. 
JERSEY CATTLE, 
BERKSHIRE HOGS, 
R. F. SHANNON, 907 Liberty St., Pittsburg Pa. 
T7AD No. 69855, A. J. c. c„ 
I^IOO/A (age 3 years). Sire 
Queen’s Czar, 55573, Sweepstakes, N. Y. State Fair 
and many other shows. Dam, Brownells Rissa, 100167. 
Best dairy cow in Madison Co., 1903. My herd is full 
of the “Rissa” blood and I can no longer use the 
“Czar.” He is worth $200 but I will divide His value 
and take $100, or send him to the butcher. A beauti¬ 
ful yearling son of Rissa’s Czar, $50; a young bull calf 
at $25. J. GRANT MORSE, Laurel Farm, (the home 
of the “Rissas”), Hamilton. New York. 
B egist’d Jersey Cattle, Lin¬ 
coln, Shropshire. Hamp¬ 
shire and South Down Sheep; 
Chester White, Poland China 
and Berkshire Pigs; Scotch 
[Collie Dogs and a vuriety of 
■ Poultry. Come see my 
rstock and make yoor own 
_ , selections. Send 2c. stamp 
Fancy of Kuix-k« mown for New Catalogue. 
EDWARD WALTER, West Chester, Penna. 
OF 
AVON. 
AYRSHIRE CATTLE 
I have a very fine bunch of calves, male and female, 
sired from imported dam and sire, others from 
American bred dams and imported sires. Bulls one 
to two years old, American and imported bred, and 
females of all ages. 
W. P. SCHANCK, Avon, New York. 
FOR QAI F-Young fine skin purebred HOLSTEIN 
rUil uHLL BULL ready for service. Dam lias an 
official record of ISH pounds. Sire’s dam over 20 
pounds. First draft for $00 takes him registered and 
transferred. W. W. CHENEY, Manlius, N. Y. 
THE BLOOMING DALE HERD OF 
HOLSTEIN-FRIESIANS. 
are bred for large production, Good size, Strong 
Constitution, Best Individuality. 
If these are the kind you want write or come to see 
them. 125 to select from. Animals of both sexes 
and all ages to offer at prices that will please you. 
A special offer on some nicely bred Bull Calves. 
A. A. COKTELYOU, Somerville, N. J. 
STAR FARM HOLSTEINS 
LEAD THE WORLD. 
THEY MAKE POOR MEN RICH. 
A WONDERFUL SHOWING! 
Read the sworn evidence of L. E. Corning. 
Lewis E. Corning being duly sworn deposes and 
says that lie bought of Horace L. Bronson at Star 
Farm, registered Holsteins, paying therefor $1,530. 
Since the purchase he has received from the increase 
of his herd from Horace L. Bronson $2,135, from 
other parties $2,235, and has on hand $1,700; making 
a grand total of $0,070 off from an investment of $1,530 
in Star Farm Holsteins. Not counting milk. 
Send for a sworn testimonial. Valuable information 
a_nd illustrated circulars, all sent free. 
Horace L. Bronson, Dept. D, Cortland, N. Y. 
ALL ABOUT HOLSTEINS 
Send for free illustrated pamphlet describing 
this great breed of cattle. 
F. L. HOUGHTON, Sec’y.-Brattleboro, Vt. 
Holstein-Friesian Bull Calves 
FOR SALE. 
From choice A. R. O. Dams, and by such 6 ires as 
Beryl Waynes Paul DeKol and Sir Korndyke Manor 
Deliol. We will make attractive prices on these 
youngsters as they must be disposed of to make room 
for our crop of Winter Calves. Write for prices on 
anything needed in Holstein-Friesians. 
WOODCREST FARM, Rifton, Ulster Co.. N.Y. 
HOLSTEIN CATTLE All of the Very Highest Quality. 
nmiirillllF niailliv* If you desire the best to be had at a reasonable price, write ns 
till]. HtnKSHIn t SWINt at once, stating just what you want. We guarantee pertect 
satisfaction to every customer who trusts us with an order 
S. C. WHITE LEGHORNS e. h. khapp & son, • fabius, n. y. 
The La Fayette Stock Farm, 
LAFAYETTE, INDIANA. 
Largest Importers and breeders of German Coach, Perclxeron 
and Belgian Stallions in America in 1906. Have Imported double 
the number of any other Importer and handle nothing but the 
best young, sound stallions and can suit any buyer in horse and 
price. Always have from 100 to 300 on band. Give long time to 
responsible buyers and horses guaranteed to be satisfactory or 
returned. Write us for full particulars. 
J. CROUCH & SON, LAFAYETTE, INDIANA. 
