1006. 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
799 
Hope Farm Notes 
Peach Borers. —A visitor in our peach 
orchard last week would have run upon 
a strange sight. A man of some size lay 
or sat by the side of a tree while several 
children were with him digging at the 
ground. We were hunting for borers. 
Our trees have been remarkably free 
from them—so much so that 1 was get¬ 
ting ready to claim that our mulch method 
keeps the insect out. Luckily before I 
did so we went through the north side 
of what we call the Alabama orchard. 
There we found nearly every tree plas¬ 
tered with gum. We went at them at 
once. 1 find printed directions for kill¬ 
ing borers in many books and bulletins, 
but an hour in the orchard is worth a 
year’s study of this literature. We dug 
the dirt away from the base of the tree 
and scraped off the gum. In some cases 
there was a big bunch of gum but no 
borers; the injury having been done by 
some, other insect or some tool used in 
putting on the mulch. Where the borers 
were at work a substance which looked 
like very fine sawdust was mixed with 
the gum. This represented the gnawing 
done by the borer. The children quickly 
learned to find the borer’s hole or track 
and follow it down with knife or crooked 
wire until we found the villain at the 
bottom. Here was a joh they really liked 
to do, and we cleaned up the orchard 
rapidly. Half a dozen rows were very 
bad. We took 24 borers out of one three- 
year-old tree. The rest of the orchard 
was quite clean, but we shall examine 
every tree, dig out what we can find and 
follow with hot lye. This remedy is sug¬ 
gested by Dr. H. A. Surface of Pennsyl¬ 
vania. In a few words—we take a pound 
of Lewis lye and dissolve it in 20 gallons 
of hot water. The dirt and gum are 
scraped from the base of the tree, and 
from a pint to a quart of this “hot stuff” 
poured on the trunk of the tree about one 
foot above the ground. The liquid runs 
down the trunk to the roots, soaking into 
every crack and hole, and if it works ac¬ 
cording to contract, making life a terrible 
bore to the borers. I shall tell how we 
do it later. Dr. Surface thinks it is not 
necessary to dig the borers out when we 
use the lye, but I expect to do both. This 
kind of lye seems like a good way to 
cheek off work of'children or hired men. 
Farm Work. —Our apples are all off the 
trees and in the cellar. It was a small 
crop, but good in quahty. The boys did 
most of the picking, as I want them to 
know how to do it before the younger 
trees come into heavy bearing. Our rules 
are to treat an apple like an egg—never to 
throw or bruise it by careless pouring, 
to be careful in the tree not to knock off 
fruit spurs, never to pile fruit around the 
tree to “sweat out,” and to get the apples 
into the cellar as quickly as possible after 
picking. I want the boys to st'ck to these 
rules as they grow up to take charge ot 
the orchard. We have had good lessons 
in wide planting. Several Baldwin trees 
stand alone—the surrounding trees hav¬ 
ing been killed out. The sun strikes these 
trees from all sides. There was a won¬ 
derful difference in the fruit on these 
trees and on some in the same orchard 
planted 30 feet apart, and now “locking 
horns.” We figure that there would be 
hardly room for 2:1 of these open trees 
on an acre, yet by actual measurement 
there would be more and better fruit than 
from an acre containing 50 trees. Yet 
who has the courage to plant trees 50 or 
00 feet apart and wait for them to b ar? 
The same sort of man who from child¬ 
hood will hold fast to some great prin¬ 
ciple and follow it through ridicule, pov¬ 
erty and other obstacles to success—with¬ 
out being switched off by side issues. . . 
The rain interfered with our grain seed¬ 
ing. The storm which covered western 
New York with snow soaked us with 
rain, so that we could not work the 
ground. The first frost hit us October 
10, but now we have dazzling sunshine, 
which will probably enable us to finish our 
rye seeding in good shape. The spring- 
tooth fits the soil well after potato dig¬ 
ging and hog rooting. . . . We have 
begun to fit the pigs for the butcher. Our 
plan is to pen two or three at a time 
and fatten them on soft corn and a slop 
of middlings and bran. We slaughter the 
pigs on the farm and sell to local butchers 
or private families. This makes a good 
trade, though fat pork is not wanted. 
Our plan of letting the pigs run all Sum¬ 
mer at pasture gives them good frame and 
bone. A few weeks of high feeding will 
put on just fat enough. We do not in 
this way get a large carcass, but the cost 
pep pound is low, and the meat satisfies 
our trade to a T. . . . These cold 
nights and mornings make a tas'.e of fire 
agreeable. What a comfort our hot-water 
heater is! We can run It with wood and 
get just heat enough to keep us comfort¬ 
able. Hot water beats steam for this 
gentle heat! 
Pumpkins For Pigs.*—A sk me how to 
feed a little child and I will wave you 
over to the women folks, who seem to be 
doing well with milk and barley gruel. 
Little j)igs are somewhat more in my line. 
What do you think of pumpkins for food 
for pigs? W'ould you cook them or feed them 
raw? What do you consider the best feed 
to fatten pigs? c. b. s. 
I have found pumpkins good for pigs, 
but I would scrape out the seeds before 
feeding. We had trouble one year when 
we fed seeds and all. A number of pigs 
had trouble with their kidneys, and lost 
the use of their hind legs. I could not 
find any cause for this, but the pumpkin 
seeds though we had fed them before 
without damage. While I am not sure 
they are dangerous I would not feed them. 
We pile the pumpkins by the fence, cut 
them open with a corn knife or ax— 
throw them into the pasture and the hogs 
do the rest. They gnaw and scrape down 
to the rind. This is the easiest way to 
feed them, but you must remember that 
they do not furnish a full ration for a 
fattening hog. Feed corn or meal in ad¬ 
dition. As for cooking we have found 
that a question of the cost of labor and 
fuel. By cutting the pumpkins up and 
boiling them thoroughly with small pota¬ 
toes. turnips or other refuse, you make 
a good mash and probably increase the 
food value of the pumpkins by 20 per 
cent. We would use plenty of water for 
boiling and thicken the mush with equal 
parts of cornmeal and wheat bran. Make 
is about as thick as you like oatmeal for 
your breakfast after you add milk. We 
would rather cook such food, but we can¬ 
not always do so, for it is quite a job to 
run a cooker and handle the cooked food. 
On a farm where few hands must do 
many chores we cannot always do the 
puttering jobs even when we know that 
they pay. As for the best food for fat¬ 
tening pigs—when, like ours, they have run 
in pasture and made good frames, we feed 
equal parts of cornmeal and middlings. 
In addition our pigs get soft ears of sweet 
corn and other refuse. If they had not 
had this exercise I should feed equal parts 
of cornmeal, middlings and wheat bran 
in a mash or slop. I regard pure wheat 
bran as the best grain for growing stock, 
though most animals do not like it as well 
as corn meal. _ H. w. c. 
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This Root Cutter 
only 96.60 
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Other kinds and 
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Feed all your fodder. By using Heebner's cutters with 
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MAKE THE MOST MONEY 
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Randolph & Canal Sts. 
CHICAGO. 
1213 Filbert Street 
PHILADELPHIA 
9 & 11 Drumm St. 
SAN FRANCISCO. 
General Offices: 
74 Cortlandt Street, 
NEW YORK. 
.09-113 Youvllle Square 
MONTREAL. 
75 & 77 York Street 
TORONTO. 
14-16 Princess St, 
WINNIPEG. 
A FARMERS’ COMMITTEE SAYS 
TUBULAR IS WORLD’S BEST 
CREAM SEPARATOR 
Low Can 
Lightest Bowl 
Simplest Bowl 
QUICKEST CLEANED 
Self Oiling 
Ball Bearing 
Enclosed Gears 
CLEANEST SKIMMER 
The Tubular 
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2-Roll. 
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lMir AIIAD ABITrr that under the 
nt IaUAKAN i tt r s To^w d eS 
6peed applied, condition of corn, etc.. 
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A complete combination circular and drag 
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ABENAQUE MACHINE WORKS, WESTMINSTER STATION, VERMONT. 
