85 o 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
November 17, 
BULK APPLE SHIPMENTS. 
We do considerable business here with bulk 
apples; sometimes when our local crop is not 
good, most of them go to peddlers or "wagon 
boys,” as we term them here, who peddle 
them from door to door. They handle both 
grades of the hand picked and the drop 
fruit, and there is considerable business done 
in this city with them. The stores prefer 
the barrel stock. There is no use in this 
market for the badly bruised apples except 
occasionally for the mincemeat makers. 
THE HARRISBURG GROCERY & PRODUCE CO. 
The bulk apples do not affect the trade 
in good barrel stock; it is poured into the 
box or stock cars as you say. Some handle 
it very carefully, and others handle the 
apples as if they were pig-iron. They are 
barreled sometimes, but mostly sold to ped¬ 
dlers, sometimes badly bruised. All depends 
on how they are loaded. They are selling 
to-day at $150 to $175 a car of 24,000 
pounds, barrels selling better, but I think 
that the net is not over $25 to $50 less 
per car, and lots of labor saved. 
Chicago. FRANK M. BARBER. 
Bulk fruit has no appreciable effect on tne 
market here, for the reason that anyone 
having the fancy grade of fruit genera'ly 
barrels, and the common to choice varieties 
are shipped in bulk and sold to the cheaper 
class of trade. We generally sell here bv 
the hundred pounds; apples if carefully 
picked and handled, arriving in good condi¬ 
tion, showing no signs of bruise, as a general 
rule sell from 75 cents to $1 per barrel 
less than the barrel fruit. Of course, larger 
trade does not take to this common fruit; 
barrel fruit always takes preference with 
M. 0. COGGINS CO. 
Pittsburg, Pa. 
Most of the bulk apples received on this 
market are either windfalls or fruit that will 
not do to double-head in barrels. It is sold 
mostly to fruit canners, large pie bakers and 
street peddlers. Of course this fruit has 
some little effect on the better grades, as if 
the persons who use this fruit could not 
get it, they would have to use the better 
stock. But the difference is so small it Is 
hardly noticed. Most of this bulk fruit is 
Greenings and Baldwins, and is fruit that 
does not bruise so easily when it is not 
loaded roughly. It is sold at times by weight, 
but mostly is shoveled in barrels holding 
three bushels and sold by measure. As a 
rule this class of fruit sells 75 cents to $1 
per barrel loss than the carefully packed 
fruit in barrels. hewitt & co. 
Baltimore. 
We do not handle any bulk apples, but. of 
course, those that come to market in bulk 
can be delivered here at a less price than 
when obliged to pay 32 cents for barrel 
and from 10 to 15 for packing, and the 
fruit that comes that way has a tendency to 
depress and take business from the package 
receivers. The Jews and plain people gen¬ 
erally absorb them; Ludlow Street trade is 
a good buyer, and peddlers generally. The 
goods are dumped into peddlers’ wagons: 
and also shoveled up into cheap barrels. It 
would be confined probably to the moderate 
quality of apples. Many drop from trees and 
are yet good, useful fruit; probably from 50 
to 60 cents less on price. The lower the price, 
or the larger the crop, the more necessity 
the farmer has to get a margin of profit 
for his goods. The package sometimes goes 
to 40 and 50 cents, a big cost in the market-* 
ing of his goods. s. h. & e. h. frost. 
New York. 
PRODUCTS, PRICES AND TRADE. 
Totatoes.— The market is very dull, prac¬ 
tically nothing selling up to $2. 
Apples. —The market is badly crowded 
and buying light. Good sound fruit is held 
at the top prices quoted lately, but bar¬ 
gains in culls and seconds are readily picked 
up by those on the lookout for them. 
Tears. —The market for choice fruit is 
firm, some prime Bartlett and Seckel going 
above $5 per barrel. The last run of wind¬ 
fall and cull Kieffers is on hand, going at 
from $1 per barrel to below 50 cents. 
Fruit For Siberia. —A shipment of fruit 
was recently made to Siberia from the Pa¬ 
cific northwest. There were 600 boxes of 
apples, 60 boxes of peaches, 75 barrels of 
grapes and 200 watermelons. The importer 
is a Vladivostock merchant who is getting 
this trial lot as an experiment. The trip 
across the Pacific takes 28 days. 
Camphor hais advanced 20 cents per 
pound within a year. The island of For¬ 
mosa, off the east coast of China, furnishes 
three-fourths of the camphor and Japan 
most of the remainder, the whole industry 
being a Japanese monopoly. Japan disclaims 
all responsibility for the high prices and 
states that they are due to the short supply 
and heavier demand. Increased plantings 
are being made, but the trees are slow 
growers. The gum is selling at wholesale 
in New York at $1.05 to $1.10. 
The island of Tasmania, south of Aus¬ 
tralia, produces very fine apples, and ex¬ 
ports a considerable quantity to Great Brit¬ 
ain. The fruit is packed in cases holding 
a little more than one bushel. The out¬ 
put for the Spring of 1907 (this season 
being the equivalent of our Fall) will be 
nearly 700,000 bushels. Some of this orchard 
land is held at $1,000 per acre, and the fruit 
brings about 50 cents per bushel on the tree. 
Freight charges for the 11,000 mile shipment 
to England run from 60 to 70 cents per 
box. 
Chicago is prosecuting the dealers in 
bottled milk who have neglected to comply 
with the city ordinance requiring the capa¬ 
city to be marked on each bottle. After 
April 1 next all bottles will have to have 
the capacity blown in the glass. The dealers 
claim that it is Impossible for (hem to com¬ 
ply with this law, as the manufacturers of 
bottles cannot make them of a uniform size. 
There may be some slight variation, but the 
short measure bottles are so because they are 
purposely made so, the same as with short 
barrels and other fruit packages. By beat¬ 
ing each customer out of a very small 
amount, a substantial increase in the day’s 
profits is made. Massachusetts has done 
some creditable work with this scant milk 
bottle nuisance. Of course an honest milk¬ 
man may unwittingly get some of these 
short bottles but his only remedy is to 
test them and refuse to accept those below 
standard. 
Expressmen as Produce Dealers.— A 
reader tells us that in his locality the ex¬ 
press company is soliciting shipments o f 
farm products to be disposed of by their 
order and commission department in New 
York and other large markets. He wishes to 
know whether this is a fishy scheme that 
farmers should let alone. There is nothing 
objectionable about the plan except that it 
interferes with the regular produce dealers, 
who naturally resent it. Some express com¬ 
panies have for a long time made a feature 
of buying and selling for country patrons, 
and the work referred to by the inquirer is 
merely a widening of this system. Of course 
the express companies are not doing it 
for philanthropic purposes. It is to their 
interest to stir up the shipping business and 
have as little stuff sold locally as possible. 
The writer would sell as much produce as 
he could to advantage in the local market. 
If he had a regular commission man in the 
city, who had given satisfaction, all sur¬ 
plus would be sent to bim regardless of the 
solicitation of the local express agent. This 
express service is chiefly of value to those 
who would otherwise have to ship to 
strangers, as it may keep them from fall¬ 
ing into the hands of fakers. 
Grain Prices. —"The wholesale prices you 
quote on grain are somewhat.higher than we 
can get here. Would it pay our farmers to 
club together and make carload shipments 
of rye to New York?” reader. 
Pennsylvania. 
The prices referred to are confusing to 
those unacquainted with the details of grain¬ 
dealing in large markets. As soon as grain 
leaves the farm it is subject to a constant 
cash expense until it gets into the con¬ 
sumer's hands. Transportation, storage, 
handling, both of the actual grain and the 
figures representing business in grain, in¬ 
surance and profits, are all charges that 
must be deducted before a first-hand net 
basis can be reached. Of course, these 
charges vary according to the distance 
shipped, time stored, etc., so that the price 
in any large central grain market can only 
be useful as a guide for shippers to figure 
on. As a rule it is more satisfactory to 
sell to a local buyer, if he is a square man, 
than fo consign, unless one has a large 
quantity to dispose of. In that case there 
is probably no better way than to ship to 
a firsc-class commission man in the nearest 
large grain market. Some dealers offer to 
buy the grain themselves or sell on commis¬ 
sion. There is practically no difference in 
the two methods so far as results to the 
shipper are concerned, as both transactions 
would be handled on the same basis. No 
dealer can safely promise to pay a fixed 
sum for grain that he knows nothing about, 
unless the price offered be below market 
rates. If he finds that he has made a bad 
bargain he is quite sure to square himself 
by docking the shipper or cheating him in 
some way. The names of several grain 
dealers considered responsible have been 
given this inquirer, and the same will be 
done for any other reader desiring it. 
_ w. w. H. 
Planting Trees. —Under the head of 
"Orchard and Fruit Notes,” page 648, there 
are some questions asked of which I have 
had 30 years’ experience in. For E. W. B., 
by all means set all trees in Spring as soon 
as ground will work. Plow out a deep fur¬ 
row by going around twice, where trees 
are to be set; if lumpy harrow till well 
pulverized before setting. To* save time in 
setting, put enough dirt to cover roots well; 
then take horse and plow and throw dirt 
toward the trees, then harrow. If the 
weather stays dry, harrow often and your 
trees will grow. If they make a big growth 
through the Summer, cut back in August to 
stop further growth. In so doing, you mature 
the wood and buds, so they will stand a very 
cold climate. To keep young trees from 
being heaved out of ground, plow two or 
three furrows against trees before freezing; 
in Spring plow away. Young orchards should 
be kept under cultivation, at the least, 
three years, and longer Is better, that deep 
rooting may be developed. As to clay soil 
for an orchard, there is no objection, unless 
it is low and very level, so water will stand 
in pools. In such a case, back-furrow 
toward the trees so no water will stand 
around trees. G. E. c. 
Dryden, N. Y. 
Cow Pea Notes. —Last year I planted two 
quarts of Whippoorwill cow peas obtained 
from Philadelphia, presumably southern 
grown seed. They made a fine growth, but I 
obtained only half a pint of seed. I plant¬ 
ed this on a gravelly knoll May 27, using an 
ordinary complete fertilizer in the drill. The 
rows were 3foot apart. They made such 
a rapid, vigorous growth that they got ahead 
of the weeds, have never been hoed, and en¬ 
tirely hide the ground between the rows. 
They are loaded with pods, and I have to¬ 
day picked a half dozen ripe ones, and if 
frost holds off as long as it did last year 
(September 27) I shall have a good quantity 
of seed for next year. Wax beans next to 
them were ruined by blight; the cow peas 
were not in the least affected. l. f. s. 
Arlington Heights, Mass. 
Fumigation of Nursery Stock. —Fumiga¬ 
tion is not considered among planters as 
favorably as a few years ago, in fact many 
dislike to receive trees that have been 
fumigated, as they think it injures the 
vitality. We think if conditions are all fa¬ 
vorable fumigation may not injure the vital¬ 
ity of nursery stock, but if chemicals are 
Impure, trees damp or unripe or left in 
fumes too long there is a chance of injury, 
but we have not absolute proof of its so 
doing. We think very few, if any, insects 
survive a thorough fumigation. We have 
never found any live ones on stock Just from 
fumigation, but it might be possible where 
the insect was covered with earth so that 
the fumes could not reach It. 
THE BARNES BROS. NURSERY CO. 
Connecticut. 
For the land’s sake use Bowker’s Fer¬ 
tilizers. They enrich the earth.— Adv. 
When you write advertisers mention The 
R. N.-Y. and you’ll get a quick reply and 
“a square deal.” See guarantee, page" 14. 
The Cream of 
Cream Separators 
The Sharpies Dairy Tubular is the 
1 cream of cream separators—the pick 
of the whole bunch. Supply can waist 
low, you can fill it with one hand. Til 
gears enclosed, dirt free, absolutely 
self-oiling— no oil holes, no bother- 
needs oniv a spoonful of oil once or 
twice a week—uses same oil over and 
over. Has twice the skimming force 
of any other separator—skims twice as 
clean. Holds world’s recor d for clean 
skimming^ 
T 
Bowl so simple you can wa9h it in 3 
minutes—much lighter than others— 
easier handled. Bowl hung from a 
single frictionless ball bearing—runs 
so light you can sit while turning. 
Only one Tubular— the Sharpies. It’s 
modern, others are old style. Every 
exclusive Tubular feature an advant¬ 
age to_^nu_ and fully patented. Every 
Tubular thoroughly tested in factory 
and sold under unlimited guaranty 
Write immediately for catalog J-153 
and ask for free copy of our valuable 
book, "Business Dairying.” 
The Sharpies Separator Co., 
West Chester, Pa. 
Toronto, Can. Chicago, III, 
requirements, so far as weather is concerned, are always 
the same, whether the material is intended for an im¬ 
mense business building or a structure on the farm. The 
roofing must be sun-proof, water-proof and fire-resisting. 
It must be strong and elastic to resist expansion and 
contraction. There can be no avoiding these issues. 
(REGISTERED U. S. PATENT OFFICE) 
was the first and is today the only roofing made which 
combines all these qualities. It contains no tar or paper; 
will not melt or rot. Saturated and coated with Ruber- 
oid Water-proof Compound. Absolutely weather-proof. 
Burning brands or flying sparks will not ignite it. It 
has proved its elasticity by enduring torsional strains for 
years. These are all statements we can prove if you 
will write to us. .Send for samples and Booklet “R.” 
THE STANDARD PAINT COMPANY 
Sole Manufacturers 
100 WILLIAM STREET, NEW YORK 
TIME IS THE TEST 
of durability in a high-speed machine like the cream separator. No 
other machine a farmer uses has harder usu. Run twice every 
day, winter and summer, it must not only do thorough work, but to 
be permanently profitable, it must be durable. 
U.S. 
CREAM 
are built for long service. A solid, low frame encloses entirely all 
the operating parts, protecting them from dirt and danger of injury. 
The parts are few, simple and easy to get at. Ball bearings at high 
speed points, combined with automatic oiling reduce wear as well 
as insure the easiest operation. Such careful and thorough construc¬ 
tion is what enables the U. S. to better 
STAND THE TEST 
than any other separator. You don’t have to buy a new one every year or 
two. And remember: the U. S. does the cleanest skimming all the time. 
Look into this. Write today for a copy of our handsome, new separator 
catalogue. Ask for number 159 It is finely Illustrated and tells all about 
the U. S. Address 
Vermont Farm Machine Co., Bellows Falls, Vt. 
Prompt deliveries of U. S. Separators from warehouses at Auburn, Me., Buffalo, N. Y., Toledo. O., 
Chicago, Ill., LaCrosse, Wis., Minneapolis, Minn., Sioux City, la., Kansas City. Mo., Omaha, Neb., 
San Francisco, Cal., Portland Ore., Sherbrooke and Montreal, Que., Hamilton, Ont., Winnipeg, 
Man. and Calgary, Alta. 
Address all letters to Bellows Falls, Vt. 
