AUSTERE PURITAN GARDENS 
95 
use of such books, Latin and French, as he had, and 
the liberty of a private walk in his garden, and so 
gave no offence.” 
But even a garden wherein nothing bloomed that 
did not serve a useful purpose, might contain many 
sweet and pleasant flowers. Marigolds for the stew- 
pot, feverfew to cool “agues that burn,” lavender to 
lay among the linens, barberries for preserves, com- 
frey to heal rasped throats, mallows (hollyhocks), 
winter savory, thyme, pennyroyal, rue, rosemary, fen¬ 
nel, anise, coriander—all these and more—and roses, 
roses, roses for distilling into waters and flavorings. 
With all its fragrant smells surely a very pleasant 
place to wander! 
That this garden of Governor Winthrop’s was not 
developed according to any fixed design is even more 
certain than the nature of the flowers within it. 
None of the Puritan gardens were, for the reasons al¬ 
ready named; and for the additional reason, to a man 
of Winthrop’s position, that they would have sug¬ 
gested, through association, the old ritual and the 
ones who practiced it. The formal and elegant in 
whatsoever branch were necessarily associated with 
the church of the State; so even if the stern asceticism 
of their religion had not forbidden indulgence in such 
unseemly fol-de-rols, prejudice would. Winthrop, 
who reprimands the Deputy-governor Dudley sharply 
