CONTENTS xiii 
Page 
Directions or axes of vibration of crystals. 256 
Use of converging polarized light. 258 
Axial angles. 258 
Polarization colors. 260 
The selenite plate. 260 
Absorption of light, pleochroism. 263 
Measurement of angles and of extinction angles. 264 
Characteristics of the six crystal systems. 267 
Experiments with crystals. 269 
CHAPTER XII. 
Methods for Handling Small Amounts of Material 
Testing for solubility. 276 
Decantation. 278 
The centrifuge. 281 
Filtration. 284 
Sublimation. 288 
Distillation. 292 
Ignition, fusion. 296 
Grinding and mixing. 297 
CHAPTER XIII. 
The Methods of Microchemical Qualitative Analysis. 
The various ways in which reagents are applied. 298 
CHAPTER XIV. 
Characteristic Microchemical Reactions of the Common Elements and 
Acids when in Simple Mixtures. 
Cations: 
Sodium. 319 
Potassium. 327 
Ammonium. 331 
Calcium. 333 
Strontium. 338 
Barium. 341 
Calcium, strontium and barium, additional tests. 346 
Magnesium. 350 
Zinc.. 353 
Cadmium. 362 
Mercury. 364 
Lead. 369 
Silver. 376 
