1907. 
THE RURAL'NEW-YORKER. 
4i 
FIGHTING THE SCALE. 
C. ir. M., Plymouth Co., Mass .—It would 
seem that a crisis had arrived. I have 2.000 
to 3,000 well paying trees, apples, peaches 
and plums mainly. The scale is established 
In various parts of the orchards. What shall 
I do, root out the worst cases, take what I 
can get from the others until they too are 
badly infested, and then abandon the busi¬ 
ness, or fight? What are the chances? Is 
the sulphur lime mixture sufficiently effective 
to rely on? Can it he made, boiled and 
applied at a price that will warrant Its 
use? Shall I expect to he left skinless by 
getting It on me, or blind should I by acci¬ 
dent get It into my eyes? Must 1 have a 
power sprayer lo apply if? llow shall I 
hoi I 11 in a way not to consume too much 
time? 
It seems funny to me that people, make 
such a fuss of worriment over the San 
Jose scale; it is a pesky little bother, and 
trees must be sprayed if we expect to 
keep it in check, but the lime and sulphur 
spray, which is the best tiling to fight it 
with, is worth all and more than it costs 
as a fungicide in clearing up various 
troubles that infest the trees and fruits. 
If yotir friend 57 years old thinks of 
turning tail and running away from 3,000 
trees just because they are infested with 
San Jose scale the wonder is to me that 
be ever had the courage to plant so many 
trees. Certainly he wants to spray them, 
and there is no danger of his losing bis 
skin or getting blind. I used 500 barrels 
of sulphur in my spraying operations 
North and South two years ago, and not 
a man was injured in any way. I did buy 
a few cans of vaseline for the boys to 
smear over face and hands every time 
before starting to work. Of course, they 
will get well soiled, but there is no need 
of anybody getting injured in doing the 
work, any more than there is for getting 
poisoned in treating potatoes with Paris- 
green. J. H. HALE. 
I believe the San Jose scale can be kept 
under control at no very great expense 
if taken in time, and would advise C. W. 
M. to “fight.” Vigorous, healthy apple, 
pear, peach and plum trees well pruned 
and cared for, are almost a sure source of 
income in Massachusetts, and with the 
neglect that is so much the practice by 
small orchardists we may be sure that 
those who are prompt and thorough in 
protecting their trees will obtain a more 
certain reward in the future. Good results 
have been obtained froih the use of the 
lime-sulphur mixture made from the boil¬ 
ing with the aid of hot water to start 
the lime slaking quickly and violently, 
and if the coarse particles of the lime are 
strained out or left in the bottom of the 
cask when slaked an ordinary barrel 
pump of the Eclipse, Hardee, Goulds or 
Myers type will be sufficient for thorough 
and profitable use, unless one has a very 
large number of trees to be sprayed. The 
lime and sulphur mixture is unpleasant to 
apply, but by care and skill in directing 
the nozzles and a proper protection of the 
hands, face and good clothing, it can be 
easily and comfortably put on. This in¬ 
secticide is also a fungicide and many of 
the blights, scabs and rots will also be 
prevented by its use. T have found a 
mixture of linseed and kerosene and 
whale-oil soap very satisfactory as a Sum¬ 
mer wash. It was made as follows: Ker¬ 
osene emulsion, one-half pound whale- 
oil soap, one-half pint kerosene, three 
quarts of hot water. Boil soap and add 
oil. Linseed oil emulsion, one-half pound 
whale-oil soap, one-half pint linseed, three 
quarts water. Boil as for kerosene emul¬ 
sion. Mix the two emulsions together 
while hot and stir thoroughly, and dilute 
to make five gallons. This mixture 
proved effectual in destroying most of the 
mature females and all of the young 
scales. A better and more satisfactory 
formula may possibly be worked out in 
using these substances, as only a few 
trees were sprayed with it this season. 
Massachusetts. s. t. maynard. 
My own case is strikingly similar to 
that of C. W. M. I found scales on some 
of my trees this year for the first time, 
although I have had it to deal wi'h on 
currants for the past three years. When 
first I discovered I dug out the two or 
three bushes. The next year the entire 
row was taken out, there being a number 
more infested, and it was on the cuttings 
of this particular kind that I obtained 
them. Later on infested bushes were 
found throughout the entire piece and 
were carefully dug out (perhaps a dozen 
of them), except about half a dozen young 
bushes which grew next to the infested 
row. These bushes were cut level to 
the ground, and the stumps covered with 
air-slaked lime and ground tobacco, 
which was in turn covered with a layer 
of dirt and then another of lime and to¬ 
bacco completely burying every vestige 
of currant bush about two inches. The 
next year there were scales on some of 
these bushes after growing through the 
doctored soil. This year there were too 
many infested bushes to cut them out, 
and I hired a neighbor’s spray pump, 
and he showed me how he made the mix¬ 
ture, lime, sulphur and salt, with three 
pounds of caustic soda added The lime 
was first put in the barrel, then the other 
things. A few gallons of boiling water 
was next added and the slaking of the 
lime did all of the boiling that was done. 
As soon as the boiling ceased water was 
added to fill the 50-gallon barrel, and 
spraying began at once on 600 bushes, 
many of them very large, some to the 
extreme of six feet in height, I. used three 
applications of the mixture, 150 gallons. 
The spraying was done on three sides. I 
have not begun to prune yet, but do not 
at this writing know of the existence of a 
single scale on the entire patch. Before 
spraying I tied strips of cloth to some of 
the infested bushes, and did not cut away 
the infested portions. As the result of 
this spraying I shall take hold of the trees 
with more confidence than 1 should have 
before I h d my one lesson in spraying 
the lime-sulphur mixture. I experienced 
no ill effects from the mixture getting 
upon my hands, and in any kind of spray¬ 
ing the wind must be taken into account, 
spraying from such directions as one can. 
There is always one direction ,if there is 
any wind blowing in which one cannot 
spray unless the sprayer is the objective 
point. F. T. JENCKS. 
Rhode Island. 
Had C. W. M. more fully explained his 
circumstances a much more reliable an¬ 
swer could have been given. Two to three 
thousand trees, mostly apples, peach and 
plums, well paying trees, must be in bear¬ 
ing condition. Are they in separate or¬ 
chards, or are they set together, the 
peaches or plums used as fillers? If so I 
should clean out all trees except the 
apples, as I do no't consider a peach tree 
in a bearing apple orchard worth keeping. 
If set in a favorable location a young 
bearing apple orchard should be worth 
saving, and the same should apply to a 
well cared-for peach or plum orchard, if 
not too old. Yet I have seen so many 
neglected and badly set orchards, and 
sometimes with varieties of little value, 
that any advice given must be of a general 
nature, keeping in mind that old and 
stunted trees are of little value, especially 
peach and plums. Personally I have had 
no experience except with the Scurfy and 
Oyster-shell scales. We have found those 
very easy to keep in check so that they 
will do no harm, and yet find extermina¬ 
tion almost impossible, even where for a 
year at least I th ..ght all had been killed. 
1 do not think it would pay to start in 
with the idea of exterminating the pest, 
but so to keep it in check as to raise good 
fruit and keep the trees in a good healthy 
growing condition, and to do this I should 
pull out all old and Worthless trees. Then 
trim severely all-trees infested with the 
sc .le before leaves had started, feed 
liberally and cultivate thoroughly, which 
will help quite a little in a fight against 
such pests. Tn the fight against the scale 
if I decided a large share of the trees 
were worth saving I should use a power 
sprayer if possible with the lime, salt and 
sulphur mixture, and not trv to save time 
in file boiling. Yet I have in mind a case 
in this town where the kerosene and water 
mixture gave excellent results on apple 
trees. With a proper “dress suit,” gloves 
and glasses, a bottle of vaseline or some¬ 
thing similar, I think he will be safe at 
the nozzle end of the fight. H. o. mead. 
Massachusetts. 
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FINE PEACHES 
RAY LEADS THEM ALL. 
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Box 29. Berlin. Maryland. 
Save Money on Fruit Plants 
Strawberry Plants, $1.75 to $3 Per M. 
Raspberry, Blackberry, Etc., Etc. 
Seed Potatoes, $2.50 to $3 Per bbl. 
Satisfaction Guaranteed. Catalogue Free. 
O. A. E. BALDWIN, 
Oak Street, Bridgman, Michigan. 
CARFFS fruits 
will send free 3 splendid Blackberry 
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Many or my customers realize 
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My handsome, new catalog of small fruits, fruit 
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P 
EACH TREES 
PLUM TREES 
And all other kinds of Trees and Plants. 
Catalogue Free. 
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Hightstown, New Jersey. 
AT WHAT PRICE. 
Those of our readers who wish to know 
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STRAWBERRIES 
v j ) jg i red and luscious 
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ALLEN'S choice 
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_ Al ices right. DEWBERRIES, f 
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SVff 
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«M!° TREES 
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To 
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JOOD PRICK for dry root (ilNSENG. Seed for sale low. BEST 
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Inventor, Atheiuo, Mew Jersey* 
