1007. 
49 
SILAGE FROM OATS AND CLOVER. 
On page 691 H. (1. Manchester speaks of 
seeins? a silo filled with oats and clover, and 
that the silage was fine. I would like to 
know if the oats were run through a cutter, 
or could they he put in whole if they were 
well packed? T have a silo for corn, and if 
I could have one for oats and peas and with 
clover hay and grain I would have an ideal 
Winter ration for milch cows. a. f. 
Gonverneur, N. Y. 
Almost any green food can be put in 
the silo whole, and if properly packed 
down—that is trodden well—it will make 
good silage. The trouble is in taking out 
this whole stuff, which is a tangled mass, 
and a hard job to handle, and nowhere 
near as easy to see that each *cow gets 
her proper share. The silage spoken of 
was run through a cutter, and could be 
easily handled with a manure fork and 
fed in baskets or from a truck. This 
clover and oat silage was cut with mow¬ 
ing machine, raked with horse rake, 
loaded with hay loader and pitched with 
fork right on to cutter, so there was 
very little handling. Not all have hay 
loaders or fields where they can be used 
but with low-down wagons the work is 
not so bad as it might seem to be. The 
>great advantage of silaging such crops 
is that you are practically independent 
of the weather, and unless it rains so 
hard as to prevent outdoor working 
you can work at it any time the crop is 
ready. On fields where small stone 
abound care must be used in picking up 
the fodder, or enough stone will get in 
to dull the cutter badly, or even break 
the machine. Whenever you pick up a 
forkful give it a slight shake before 
putting on the wagon. This will often 
rattle out the loose stone. 
H. G. MANCHESTER. 
TREATMENT FOR HOG CHOLERA. 
Will you tell us what farmers in your 
State generally do to prevent or cure hog 
cholera in their herds of swine? A large 
numb' r of so-called remedies are advertised, 
and we are also told that Inoculation for 
the disease is sometimes resorted to. Just 
what do you recommend and also what do 
farmers seem to find most practical? 
The Bureau of Animal Industry, Wash¬ 
ington, D. C., would be the best authority 
to consult in this matter. During over 20 
years they have been tryirm to discover 
a safe and reliable inoculation method 
asainst hog cholera and have failed. 
There is no vaccine or antitoxin on the 
market that is reliable, and I would not 
advise any man to experiment with such 
dangerous nostrums. Disinfectants, such 
as the coal tar preparations (including 
Zenoleum, Ivresol, Chloro-Naptholeum 
Germol, etc.), freely used in the pens, 
upon the hogs and in their food give the 
best promise of preventing the germs of 
cholera from affecting hogs, and I re¬ 
cently have recommended using a solution 
of such disinfectant as a rectal injection 
in actual cases of hog cholera, in addi¬ 
tion to its nse on the hogs and in their 
food. T do not claim it possible that this 
method is a specific cure for cholera. 
Some hogs recover where disinfectants 
are freely used; more may pull through 
if the solution is used as I have suggest¬ 
ed, and it should lessen the spread of the 
contagion by germs passed in the feces. 
As a preventive measure it is important 
to maintain perfect sanitary conditions, 
avoid river or creek water, feed balanced 
rations, allow abundant exercise on grass 
and breed from strong stock. 
A. S. ALEXANDER. 
Wisconsin Experiment Station. 
Since assuming this position over two 
years ago, I have not been called upon 
to investigate a single outbreak of hog 
cholera in this State. I am strongly of 
the opinion that many of the cases of 
hog cholera reported by farmers and 
stockmen, and especially those cases 
which are said to be cured by the so- 
called remedies advertised for this dis¬ 
ease, are nothing more than simple diar¬ 
rhoea, There is no cure for a full de¬ 
veloped case of hog cholera. The only 
practical means of treating the disease 
is by prevention. This is done by isolat- 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
ing the sick animals, placing the animals 
not showing symptoms of the disease in 
clean quarters, and thoroughly cleaning 
and disinfecting the infected premises, 
and entirely preventing all communica¬ 
tion between the infected and the non- 
infected animals. LOUIS A. KLEIN. 
S. C. State Veterinarian. 
Inoculation, vaccination or serum injec¬ 
tions have not so far been successfully 
applied to hog cholera, and are not used 
by farmers here (or elsewhere in this 
country so far as I know). There are 
no remedies in the way of drugs, etc., of 
any avail in treatment of diseased hogs. 
Rigorous measures of quarantine or iso¬ 
lation to prevent its spread, burning of 
carcasses, disinfection of pens, spraying 
and dipping of hogs to keep free from 
lice are the proper measures. As for the 
practice in Arkansas—a few of the best 
class of farmers follow these measures, 
but the majority use few precautions to 
prevent contagion. They generally re¬ 
sort to one or more of the advertised 
remedies. A bog cholera vaccine pre¬ 
pared here was distributed and used to a 
limited extent in this State a few years 
ago, but we have ceased distributing it 
until further improvements can be made 
in its preparation. R. R- dinwiddie. 
Arkansas. 
So far as my information goes the hog 
growers in this State are using about the 
usual remedies and so-called cures for 
hog cholera to about the same extent as 
they are used elsewhere It is my obser¬ 
vation, and I believe the opinion of most 
swine growers who have used these reme¬ 
dies, that little or no good results there¬ 
from. The most effectual plan of con¬ 
trolling the disease is to separate the well 
hogs from the sick ones, and move to 
new quarters as often as a sick hog de¬ 
velops in the lot. Of course the main 
aim must be to exclude the hog cholera 
germ from the premises, and the free 
use of disinfectants and general sanitary 
measures to keep the quarters in good 
condition. tait butler. 
N. C. State Veterinarian. 
SHREDDED WHEAT FOR CALVES. 
I am afraid calves would make an 
unsatisfactory growth on a pint of 
shredded wheat twice a day. I do not 
know what a quart of the ground shredded 
wheat weighs, but judging from the whole 
biscuit it would weigh less than one 
pound, unless ground so fine as to lose 
all semblance of its origin. Assuming 
this meal to weigh one pound to the quart, 
the calves are now getting about one- 
eighth as much digest ble protein as they 
would in a fair feed of skim-milk. 
Digestible Carbo- 
protein hydrates 
20 lbs. skim-milk (separator) .58 1.18 
1 lb. shredded wheat.077 .74 
While protein may take the place of 
carbohydrates the latter cannot take the 
place of protein. All new tissue must be 
formed from protein, and as the growth 
of a calf should be rapid and unchecked 
an abundance should be provided; other¬ 
wise the calf is apt to be stunted. If I 
had a chance to get this shredded wheat 
at a price consistent with its value (it is 
worth less than either a good grade of 
middlings or ground oats), I would add 
linseed meal and gluten feed to bring up 
the protein content, and feed about three 
pounds of the mixture to each calf daily 
with all the well-cured, early cut, clover 
hay they would eat; and would feed it 
dry. If the calves are used to wet feed 
the change would have to be made gradu¬ 
ally, giving them a little dry after their 
usual feed, and increasing the dry and 
reducing the wet, each day accordingly. 
Many calves practically stand still in 
growth for several months after milk is 
withdrawn from their feed, simply from a 
lack of protein. The calf has not the 
digestive capacity of the grown animal, 
and is not prepared to extract the re¬ 
quired nutriment entirely from roughage. 
Give easily digested food with a large 
proportion in concentrated form, and re¬ 
member that actual growth can be made 
from protein only. - g, r. s, 
IT IS IMPOSSIBLE 
to tell very 
much about it 
here. 
Our 
Catalogue 
Tells the 
Whole 
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Sovereign Horse Remedy. 
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IWAN POST HOLE AND WELL AUGER 
Best in the world for fence and telephone poet 
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A BAD HITTER. 
His Bunches and Bruises can be re¬ 
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Tliis remedy cures Lameness, kills 
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CATTLE STANCHION 
The Most Practical 
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a Boss Cream Raiser 
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During cold weather set in house, water need not he 
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THE INVENTION THAT 
REVOLUTIONIZED DAIRYING 
Within the last twenty-five years the dairying industry 
has been completely revolutionized. In that time dairying 
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world’s foremost industries. Once the cow was looked upon 
as a luxury. To-day she is a wealth producer of the first 
order. What has been the cause of this progress? A single 
mechanical invention accomplished it,—the invention of the 
DE LAVAL Centrifugal Cream Separator in 1879. Ever 
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Soon the farmer who does not own a separator will be the 
exception. It is simply a question of the cow owners learn¬ 
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The De Laval Separator Go. 
Randolph & Canal Streets 
CHICAGO 
1213 & 1215 Filbert Street 
PHILADELPHIA 
Drumm &. Sacramento Sts. 
SAN FRANCISCO 
General Offices: 
74 Gortlandt St. 
173-177 William Street 
MONTREAL 
14 & 16 Princess Street 
WINNIPEG 
NEW YORK. 107 First Street 
PORTLAND, OREG. 
