1907. 
STARTING GASOLINE ENGINES IN 
COLD WEATHER. 
A Canadian render in a country where the 
mercury sometimes goes 40 degrees below 
zero wants to know the best igniter for gaso¬ 
line engines in such temperature. 
The burner type is (lie best in such ex¬ 
cessive cold, and then the electric igniter 
ran lx? used after the engine is started with 
the burner and run a few minutes so as to 
Ik* warmed up. charter gas engine go. 
We have practically only two igniters for 
gas engines, viz: electric and tube; the 
latter is fast going out of date, so we have 
substantially only the electric igniter. When¬ 
ever the mercury goes to 40 degrees below 
or in any excessively cold weather, the In¬ 
quirer should simply take a torch and heat 
up that part of the engine which does the 
vaporizing, and just as soon as he has had 
a few explosions the cold weather is of no 
more consequence. We have engines running 
out of doors where they are left standing 
nearly all Winter, and there is no trouble 
whatever from the igniter. 
GEO. I). POII I. MFG. CO. 
The commonest type of ignition on gas 
engines to-day is what is known as the 
“make-and-break” igniter, using dry cell bat¬ 
tery. To this type of outfit add a magneto 
or dynamo and you would probably have a 
most satisfactory outlet without going into 
something very expensive in the way of an 
intermittent magneto, which would be too ex¬ 
pensive for tin* average purchaser. Perhaps 
two-thirds of the trouble with gas engines is 
due to faulty ignition. Consequently it is 
no easy matter to say what is best, as the 
type of engine and matter of expense enter 
very largely into the matter. 
THE FAIRBANKS COMPANY. 
We make a full line of engines from one 
to 15 horse power, using both the make-and- 
hreak method of Ignition and the spark plug. 
We believe one is as good as the other, with 
llie exception possibly that in case of trouble 
tlie difficulty is more easily found in the 
make-and-break than in (lie spark plug. When 
the weather is cold the gasoline does 'not 
vaporize as quickly as when the temperature 
is higher, and for this reason it is advisable 
to heat the inlet pipe witli a cloth dipped in 
hot water and wound around it. As soon 
ns it is once started there is no difficulty, 
for the heat of the cylinder Is sufficient to 
bring the water up to the proper temperature 
for vaporization. 
GII.SON MANUFACTURING COMPANY. 
The most practical igniter in the gasoline 
engine In the cold climate is the jump spark. 
In the first place this requires only three 
common dry battery cells, and it is not nec¬ 
essary |o have a magneto or dynamo of any 
description. Wherever there is a make-and- 
break igniter used there is a mechanical ac¬ 
tion of some kind inside the cylinder. It is 
absolutely necessary in order to make the 
spark. In cold weather you know everything 
slicks, one piece of Iron will stick to another, 
the piston 'will slick lo the cylinder and 
nlwve all things the igniter will stick. Now, 
if the two points on the igniter do not part 
quickly the spark that is made would have 
no heat in it whatever, and for that reason 
it would not fire the charge. With the 
Jump spark this is entirely different, for 
there is no mechanical action Inside the cylin¬ 
der, and Itie spark will Jump the gap just as 
well when it Is 20 below zero as it will when 
it is 00 in the shade. 
RELIANCE IRON & ENGINE CO. 
Both flu* battery and dynamo systems have 
their advantages. The objection to using a 
dynamo for starling in cold weather Is that 
in the very low temperatures (lie oil In the 
cylinder of the engine will be quite hard, 
and it is sometimes difficult to turn the 
engine sufficiently fast to get a good gener¬ 
al ing spark. As far as the dynamo itself is 
concerned, it will, of course, operate ns well 
at extremely low temperature us in ordinary 
temperatures. With a dry battery It, of 
course, does not. make any difference how 
fast, the engine Is turned, as the spark will 
occur with equal intensity as soon ns the 
engine is got over the center. A dry bat¬ 
tery. however, after it is used a short time, 
will not give as good a spark at a tem¬ 
perature below 20 degrees below zero as at 
ordinary temperatures. The battery Is not In 
any way damaged by the low temperatures, 
but is simply more sluggish when extremely 
cold. Some of our customers when operating 
at a temperature approximately that men¬ 
tioned I*n your letter, are In the habit of 
taking the battery into the house at night, 
ns it will thus be in better condition to 
give a good spark when starting the next 
morning. Our product is used almost en¬ 
tirely for outdoor work, of which, of course, 
a large part is cutting wood in midwinter. 
We believe that most of the trouble which 
exists when attempting to start some en¬ 
gines In extremely cold weather is due not 
so much to their not getting a proper spark 
as to the engine not getting the gasoline 
properly. In extremely low temperatures the 
gasoline is, of course, less volatile, and the 
gasoline engine which depends only on the 
vnporization of the gasoline before same is 
introduced to the cylinder is extremely apt. to 
give trouble in starling at temperatures much 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
63 
below iseto. We firmly believe that if this 
point is given proper consideration by the 
designer of an engine, there will be no trouble 
whatever itn starting at any temperature. 
ARENAQUE MACHINE WORKS. 
POTATOES IN VIRGINIA. 
Having had nine years’ experience rais¬ 
ing late potatoes below Richmond, Va., I 
think I can help Q, B., who asks questions on 
page 0f»0. After trying all times from May 
to August 4, I settled down to July 1 to 
10; all my neighbors did the same. Always 
grow after clover If possible. I prefer to 
plow as soon as possible after clover Is cut, 
then harrow after each rain until planting 
time. Plant In furrows three feet by 15 or 
IS Inches, three Inches deep, except in very 
wet seasons, when shallower would be better. 
I generally used 800 pounds of a good pota¬ 
to fertilizer; still on good soils after clover 
but little nitrogen will be needed, tin that 
case potash and phosphoric acid might be all 
that was needed. I should prefer to mix this 
in the rows before planting for the late crop. 
If the season is dry cultivate level and often ; 
if wet, hill. One must use judgment about 
this as about the fertilizer. We had poor 
success with cold storage and northern seed, 
but there is a potato grown at Claremont 
called the Claremont I’eachbiow that is a 
heavy and sure cropper. I have raised 250 
bushels per acre on light soils after Crimson 
clover, there in Virginia. Some did not plow 
till just before planting, but in dry seasons it 
was sometimes too dry to plow or to get 
a good stand of potatoes. Early plowing 
never failed with me. I would not use stable 
manure on the potatoes; it should be used 
the Fall before on the clover. If this man 
intends to make a business of growing the 
late potatoes it will pay him well to run 
down to Claremont, where there are some 
very successful growers; the postmaster can 
direct him to them. a. f. a. 
Information About Piping Water. 
C. .4. I)., Lytle, Col .—Is it practicable to 
pipe water through three-quarters-inch pipe 
2,500 feet over rolling ground will) 20-foot 
fall? There is a large supply of water. 
Would there be anything gained by begin¬ 
ning with a larger pipe at. the head? I desire 
information of any kind on this subject from 
anyone who has had experience. 
Ans.— I have no doubt pipe properly 
laid for bringing water will prove suc¬ 
cessful under the conditions which men¬ 
tioned. At the present time I am getting 
my water supply from a well fully 2,500 
feet from my house through a ^-inch 
lead pipe, and the discharge is at the rate 
of 45 gallons per hour when running 
wide open. A three-quarters-inch pipe 
would discharge more than twice as 
much under same head, but my supply 
has considerably more head than 20 feet. 
At the time T wrote the article to which 
inquirer refers T was drawing water 
from the lower well, where the head is 
not materially different from that' of the 
supply of inquirer, and the discharge was 
about three gallons in five minutes. 
Judging from my experience with one- 
half-inch pipe, T think a flow of about 
one gallon per minute would he secured 
with a three-quarters-inch pipe under the. 
conditions mentioned. If T were doing 
the j‘ob for myself I should certainly use 
a solid metal pipe, either lead or tin- 
lined lead. T should make the grade as 
even as T could without incurring too 
much expense for digging, and be very 
careful not to have short vertical bends. 
Make the grade smooth as possible. I 
think if C. A. D. concluded to pipe for 
water under the circumstances he men¬ 
tions he will never he sorry. As to man¬ 
aging the working of the pipe, getting 
out the air, etc., and keeping a continual 
waste-off flow to secure fresh water and 
prevent freezing, T think my former arti¬ 
cle gives sufficient directions. I wish to 
mention, however, the necessity for a 
strainer on the end of the pipe at the 
intake to prevent the pipe from getting 
clogged. m. MORSE. 
Law for Sneak Thieves. —it seems to me 
a law that would give anyone the right to 
arrest another caught stealing and shoot 
him if he tries to get away, and a reward 
of $10 or $15 if convicted would put most 
of the fruit thieves out of commission. Shoot¬ 
ing without law may do for the rich, but tne 
lawyers told one of my neighbors who bad his 
melons stolen every year that he must not 
shoot even in the night; that it would go 
hard with him if lie should destroy a thief's 
eyes or disable him. Yet some are giving 
them the shot. I have 25 acres set to fruit, 
and a house that has cost $700 already, and 
the best flower garden In (his part of the 
State, hut what pleasure is it when one 
has to stand guard every day? q. a. ii. 
Michigan. 
Famous Angle Lamo 
WHEN we tell you that The Anglo Lamp will light your home better, cheater 
aiul more satisfactory than gas, electricity, gasoline, acetylene or any other 
light, we mean better, cheater and more satisfactory and are ready to back 
these statements with proof. For our lamp 
is constructed on a new principle of oil light¬ 
ing (patented by us) which completely does 
away with the smoke, odor and bother of 
the ordinary lamp and yet makes “The 
Angle” so much cheaper to burn than 
even the ordinary lamp that it PAViS 
FOR ITSELF. 
Better Than Gasoline. 
Because all gasoline lights use mantles. And 
all mantle lights are intense, glaring, pene¬ 
trating. That is why one conscientious Ameri¬ 
can manufacturer tries to give his mantle at 
least a little of the soft yellow tone which 
makes the kerosene light. And absolutely re¬ 
fuses to make a "pure-white” mantle. For he 
knows what all t students of lighting methods 
know—that the “pure-white” mantle creates a 
light so intense, so penetrating, that like the X-Ray it pierces the retina of the eye, soon causing 
blindness. And yet some people, because the very tenetrating qualities enable them to read at 
a long distance as from the fixtures, still use such eye-destroying lights. 
Then, too, gasoline is one of the most dangerous'illuminants; while the constant breaking of 
the delicate mantles makes it expensive far beyond the cost of the fuel. 
Tlie Angle Lamp, on the other hand, while giving a light of the finest quality known to science 
is absolutely safe, requires little attention and never gets out of order. Mr. E. C. Parmelee' 
Highlands, N. J„ sums it up briefly in a recent letter, "My Angle Lamps,” he.says, "have saved 20 
times their cost in oil, burners, chimneys and cuss words.” 
Better Than 
"The Acetylene Light" says Dr. David T. 
Day, Chief of the mining and mineral resources 
division of tlie U. S. Geological Survey, “is 
even more glaring indoor than the arc light out¬ 
doors.” Dr. Day places Acetylene as the worst 
of all artifical lights for home use—more pene¬ 
trating and more harmful than the mantle 
lights. 
But Acetylene has a worse feature, even than 
this—the danger. It is one of tlie most explo¬ 
sive and probably the most penetrating gases 
known to science,—so penetrating is it that it 
sifts through even tlie water with which all 
acetylene generator manufacturers presume to 
Acetylene. 
seal tlie gas-storage tanks. And don’t think a 
large quantity need sift through to cause 
trouble. For any mixture of acetylene and air 
from one part of gas to three of air, up to one 
tart gas to 40 tarts of air may explode I 
How strong tlie contrast between this danger¬ 
ous system of which you never can be sure and 
the safe, clean Angle Lamp, which, because of 
its double fount construction and “angle" 
flame, absolutely cannot explode. And how 
strong the contrast between the intense, eye¬ 
straining acetylene light and the soft, warm, 
restful Angle Lamp 1 
Better Than Ordinary Lamps. 
‘The oil lamp," says Dr. Day.in another part 
of the article above referred to, “yellow, steady, 
fairly soft, is still tlie supreme reading light in 
general use." This splendid kerosene quality of 
light forms the only ground for comparisons 
between our lamp and the old fashioned kind. 
Because The Angle Lamp is an entirely new 
principle of oil lighting which, while generating 
a far better and more brilliant light than the 
old style lamp, lias completely done away witli 
all the smoke, odor and bother of the old style 
lamp. 
The Angle Lamp is lighted and extinguished 
as easily as gas. It requires filling only once 
or twice a week, which may be done with abso¬ 
lute safety while the lamp is lighted. It never 
smokes or gives tlie slightest odor whether the 
light is turned at full height or turned low like 
gas. It is absolutely safe. 
And yet the very features which make The 
Angle Lamp tlie most convenient light ever 
invented by giving perfect combustion of oil, 
make it also the cheapest. For one quart of oil 
bums 10 hours. Figure what that means in 
economy t 
Now if you have read this advertisement 
closely you understand why we offer to prove 
what a completely satisfactory light The Angle 
Lamp is by sending any lamp listed in our 
catalog "NN”on 
30 DAYS’ TRIAL. And you win understand why such people as ex-Pres. 
Cleveland, the Rockefellers, Carnegies, etc,, who care 
nothing about the economical features of tlie Angle Lamp have chosen THIS oil-burning lamp 
for lighting their homes and estates in preference to gas, electricity, acetylene or any other sys- 
tem. The Angle Lamp will please you as it does thousands of otiiers. Write for our catalogN N, 
listing 32 varieties from $1.80 up, and giving you information about all lighting methods that 
would cost you hundreds of dollars to collect. 
THE ANGLE MFG. COMPANY. 78-80 MURRAY STREET, NEW YORK. 
SBELL’S 
BANNER SEED* 
COLLECTION O 
52$ WORTH FOR All T 
To Introduce our tested | 
Northern grown seeds to 
thousands of new cus¬ 
tomers wo will send this Ban¬ 
ner Collection worth 52c for 
20c. Itconslsts of one packet 
each:—Promo Sweet Corn; 
Lightning Express Cabbage; 
Verlllrsfc Lettuce; Crimson 
Giant Radish; June Pink To¬ 
mato; Mixed Cucumber; De¬ 
troit Dark Red Beet and 
Emerald Gem Muskmelon. 
Entire Collection 2Ue; 
postpaid. Catalog free. 
8.M. Isbell* Co. < 
131 Pearl St. 
J aeison.Mich 
SBELL’S 
“early bird” 
eautlful color and shape, 
excellent quality, tender, 
Juicy and crisp; never be¬ 
comes pithy. Best radish 
for home use or for market. 
The “Early Bird” Is the 
earliest, llnest flavored, 1 V 
handsomest, red turnip radish 
known. Send 12c to pay for pack- ( 
lug and postage wo will send yu 
a large package of “Early Bird” $o A 
Radish Seed worth 15c, and our 
seod catalog. Catalog alone free. 
to , B. ft. 1BBELL & 00. 
1JI Pearl Street Jackson, Mioh.„ 
“EAR.LI BELL’ 
RED TOMATO 
Every family should plant 
I the “ISarltbell”—the 
llnest extra early red 
[tomato ever introduc¬ 
ed. Earliest, smooth¬ 
est, heaviest yielding, 1 
best quality tomato il 
grown; ripens uniform¬ 
ly tlrm, delicious fruit. 
Send 12c, we will send 
large package of “Ear -10 A 
dbell" Tomato Seed lAw 
worth 15c, and seed catalog, 
Catalog freo. B. M. Isbell & Co, 
131 Pearl St 
ALL FOR 30c 
Send 30c, silver or 
stamps, we will 
send you one of 
agi 
elude our lanje atalog free. This entire 
collection or tested seeds is worth 82e— 
you get It for 30o, If you order at once. 
B. M. ISBELL & CO. lSlPeorl St, Jackson,Mich. 
GLADIOLI 
THE BEST IN THE WOULD 
Groff’s Hybrids (Genuine), and other high 
Grade Strains. Winners of the GRAND BRIZE 
World’s Fair, St. Louis, HHJ4. 
Write for illustrated Catalogue. 
ARTHUR COWEE 
Meadowvnle Farm, BERLIN, N. Y. 
TRAWBERRY 
lilackherry and 
Raspberry Plants 
Extra heavy-rooted, high-grade stock, true to name. 
Write us what you will need for spring planting. We 
wllHjuofcyrou Spec 1 a 1 j> rlees b yretu r n mall. A. It. 
YVKJ* 
special pi 
CO., it. 
I>. 8, Bridgman, Mich. 
Waterloo Yapor Cooled 
GASOLINE ENGINES 
The only horizontal vapor cooled gasoline 
engine in the world. Absolutely frost 
proof and cannot freeze. 
Patented May 15, 1006 
The King of all gasoline engines. Our 
catalogues will tell you all about it. 
Send to-day. 
Waterloo Gasoline Engine Co. 
1106 Park Ave. West, Waterloo, Iowa. 
LET ME SEND YOU A 
FREE SAMPLE 
GRIMM SAP SPOUT 
I want you to try this free .ample .Dout for I know you’ll 
like it bo well you'll order ionic. Grimm Spout, are sold 
under a guarantee to produce one-fourth more .up, with less 
injury to the tree 
than any other, or 
you get your rnoucy 
back. You see, I 
know what my »pouta 
will do. G rim in 
Spouts permit practi¬ 
cal reaming and uee ... ... . , , 
of a practical Bucket with or without hook. 
Cover. Old-fashioned galvanized Iron spout, are tree 
killers, k'nr 14 cts. I 'll send you a sample llrlght Charroal 
Tin Syrup ( an that you can buy at $10.00 per hundred cash. 
F. O. B. your station, in lots of 50 or more. My Bright 
Charcoal Tin Cans arc better made than cheap coketin cans, 
don't cost any more, and don’t leak. I'll send you catalog of 
Evaporators and 'l tirst-cluss maple sugar making utensils. 
A.sk for print £ <;. H. G1UA1M, Rutland, Vt. 
Grimm Spout No. 5, 
v It" ' 
