74 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
January 26, 
CONTENTS. 
The Rural New-Yorker, January 20, 1907. 
FARM TOPICS. 
Earn on a Concrete Foundation. 58 
Apple Pomace as Fertilizer.r. 60 
Fertilizer for Potatoes. 60 
Potatoes In Virginia. 63 
Hope Farm Notes. 65 
A Hay Barrack. 69 
LIVE STOCK AND DAIRY. 
Mapes, the Hen Man. I. 57 
The Sneep or the Dog. 57 
Prices for Poultry Products. 58 
Seasonable Don’ts for Shepherds. 59 
New York Poultry Show. 59 
Drain with “Barn Pasture”. 60 
Pheasants on the Farm. 60 
Plan for a Sanitary Barn. 62 
Purebred Live Stock Associations and 
Their Methods.66, 67 
Breeding a Young Mare. 67 
Cows Eat Boards. 67 
The Cheshire Breed of Swine. 67 
Some Peed Mixtures. 68 
“Sanitary Cow Mangerfe”. 68 
Handling the Colt. 68 
Cosgrove’s Poultry Account for December. 69 
Jersey Breeders Are Waking Up. 71 
New York Milk. 71 
Hens Too Fat. 75 
HORTICULTURE. 
Mr. Ditchings on Orchards. 58 
Varieties of Apple for Top-Working. 60 
Tree Fruits for Indiana. 60 
Cement Frames for Hotbeds. 60 
New Jersey Horticultural Society Meets.. 61 
Premature Growth of Buds. 62 
Note? from the Rural Grounds. <14 
'Hie New York State Fruit Growers’ Asso¬ 
ciation . 71 
WOMAN AND HOME. 
From Day to Day. 72 
More About Cotton-Seed Oil. 72 
The Rural Patterns. 72 
How Much for Clothes?. 73 
The Bookshelf. 73 
MISCELLANEOUS. 
Experience with Strychnine In Poisoning 
Animals . 58 
'I’lie Rural Schools of Indiana. 59 
Water Glass Eggs Stick to Shell. 60 
Maintenance of Line Fence. 62 
Husband’s Rights in Deceased Wife's Prop¬ 
erty . 62 
Protection for Straying Dogs. 62 
Protection Against Destructive Birds. 62 
Obstructing the Highway. 62 
Opening a Road in Pennsylvania. 62 
Starting Gasoline Engines in Cold Weather 63 
Information About Piping Water.63 
Law for Sneak Thieves. 63 
Plan for a Barn. 67 
Treatment for Hog Cholera. 67 
Post Office Experiences. 67 
Another Egg Record. 67 
A Valuable Calf.67 
Editorials . 70 
Events of the Week. 71 
Business Bits. 71 
Products, Prices and Trade. 74 
Publisher’s Desk. 75 
MARKETS 
Prices current at New York during week 
ending January 19, 1907, wholesale unless 
otherwise specified. 
GRAIN. 
Wheat, No. 1, Northern, Duluth — @ 89% 
No. 2, red. — 0 80% 
Corn . — @ 50% 
Oats. — @ 41 
Rye . — @ 65 
Barley . — @ 54 
Wholesale at 
FEED. 
N. Y. 
Spring Bran • • $ • 
_, 
@22.25 
.23.00 
@25.00 
Red Dog . 
@25.00 
Linseed meal . ... 
. . 
@29.50 
Retail Western 
N. Y 
0 25.00 
@26.00 
Middlings . 
Gluten . 
.24.00 
@27.00 
Corn and oats... . 
. . 
@26.00 
Linseed meal . ... 
@33.00 
HAY 
AND 
STRAW. 
Market firm. 
Hay, prime . 
. . 
@23.00 
N’n 1 
@22.00 
No 2. 
(<i 20.00 
.18.00 
@18.50 
Clover mixed. . 
@ 20 
Clover . 
. 15 
@ 19 
Straw, long rye. . 
@15.00 
Short and oat. . 
. 9.00 
@ 12.00 
MILK. 
N. Y. Exchange price $1.81 per 40-quart 
can, netting 3% cents to 26-cent zone shippers. 
BUTTER. 
Creamery, best . —* 0 29 
Lower grades. 22 0 28 
Storage . 20 0 27% 
Slate Dairy . 19 @ 26 
Factory. 17 @ 21 
Renovated . 17% @ 23 
Packing stock . 16%@ 19% 
CHEESE. 
Full cream, fancy. — 0. 14% 
Best. 13%® 14 
Good to prime. 12% 0 13 
Skims . 3 @ 8 
EGGS. 
While, fancy . 34 0 35 
White, good to choice. 31 0 33 
Mixed colors, best. 31 0 32 
Lower grades . 24 0 30 
Western and southern. 23 0 30 
Storage . 18 @ 24 
BEANS. 
Marrow, bushel. 2.30 
Medium . 1.50 
Pea . 1.47% 
Red kidney . 2.35 
Black turtle soup. 2.10 
Yellow Eye . 2.00 
DRIED FRUITS. 
Apples, evap., fancy, lb.. 
Evap., choice. 
Evap., prime . 
. 9 0 
. 8%@ 
. 7 til) 
oy 4 
8% 
814 
8 
0 
@2 
7 
.25 
@1 
.55 
Cherries . 
Blackberries . 
Raspberries . 
. 18 
. 13 
@ 
@ 
& 
19 
14 
31 
FRESH FRUITS. 
Apples, Jonathan, bbl.3.00 
Gano .2.50 
King .2.00 
Spilzenburg .1.75 
Spy .1.50 
Baldwin, cold storage.2.00 
Baldwin, common storage. .1.50 
Ben Davis .J.50 
Greening, cold storage.2.50 
Greening, common, storage.. 1.50 
Bulk stock, bbl. measure... 75 
Far Western, box.1.00 
Strawberries, Fla., quart. 20 
Cranberries, Cape Cod, late, bbl.6.00 
Cape Cod, early black... ..5.50 
Cape Cod, poor to fair.3.00 
Jersey, choice to extra, bbl..5.00 
VEGETABLES. 
Potatoes, Bermuda, No. 1, bbl.4.50 
Bermuda, No. 2.3.00 
Maine, bag.1.50 
State & W’n, in bulk, 180 lbs.1.37 
Jersey, barrel or bag.1.25 
Sweet Potatoes, Jersey, basket 75 
Jersey, barrel.1.50 
Artichokes, California, dozen..1.00 
French, dozen .1.75 
Brussels Sprouts, quart. 4 
Beets, old, barrel.1.00 
N. Orleans, new, 100 belts. .3.00 
Carrots, old, barrel.1.25 
Bermuda, per box.1.25 
Cabbage, Danish seed, white, 
ton.14.00 
Red, ton .20 
Celery, State & West’n, dozen. 
California, case.4 
Chicory, New Orleans, bbl.2 
French, dozen .1 
Bermuda, box.1 
Cauliflowers, California, case..3 
French, dozen .3 
Florida, basket.. 
Endive, Belgian, lb. 
Eggplants, Florida, box.4 
Esearol, New Orleans, bbl.2 
French, dozen .1 
Kale, Norfolk, barrel. 
Kohlrabi, N. Orleans, 100 belts. 2 
Lettuce, Fla., basket.1 
New Orleans, bbl.2, 
Onions, white, bbl.2 
Red .. 
Yellow. 
Okra, Florida, carrier.2 
Peppers, Fla., carrier.4 
Cuban, carrier.3 
Parsnips, barrel .1 
Parsley. N. O., curly, 100 belts. 1 
Peas. Florida, basket. 
Radishes, Va. & N. C., basket.. 
Romalno. New Orleans, bbl. 
Florida, basket . 
French, dozen .1 
String Beans, Fia., green, bkt. .4 
Squash, marrow, barrel.1. 
Hubbard ...1. 
Fla., new, white, basket.... 1. 
Spinach, Norfolk, barrel...... 1 
Turnips, Rutabaga, Canada, bbl. 
Nearby, barrel . 
Tomatoes, Fla., carrier.2 
Cuban, carrier .2 
West I., carrier.2. 
California, flat box. 
Watercress, 100 bunches.1 
HOPS. 
Prime to choice. 21 
Fair to good. 
Olds. 
German . 36 
• LIVE POULTRY. 
Chickens, lb. 
Fowls . 
Roosters . 
Turkeys . 
Ducks . 
Geese . 10 
Guineas, pair. 
Pigeons, pair . 
DRESSED POI 
Turkeys . 10 
Chickens . 15 
Fowls . 11 
Capons . 17 
Ducks . 11 
Geese . 
Squabs, dozen.2.00 
COUNTRY-DRESSED MEATS. 
Calves . 
Lambs, hothouse, head.9.00 
Pork . 8% @ 
LIVE STOCK. 
Steers .4.75 
Bulls .3.2 
Cows .1.60 
Calves .6.00 
Sheep.4.00 
Lambs .7.00 
Hogs . 
@4.25 
@3.25 
@2.50 
@3.25 
@2.50 
@ 2.50 
@2.25 
(<i 2.50 
@3.00 
@ 2.00 
(a 1.50 
0 2.50 
@ 50 
o, 7.50 
(a 7.00 
til 5.00 
@6.00 
@5.25 
@3.50 
@ 1.60 
51.62 
51.45 
11.00 
3)3.00 
11.60 
52.25 
12 
J1.50 
@4.00 
@2.00 
@1.50 
@ 18.00 
20.00 
@30.00 
15 
@ 50 
.4.00 
@5.00 
.2.00 
@3.50 
@1.50 
1.00 
@1.25 
.3.00 
@3.50 
@4.00 
@4.00 
12 
0 15 
.4.00 
@10.00 
.2.00 
@3.50 
.1.25 
@1.50 
75 
@ 90 
2.00 
@3.00 
1.00 
@3.50 
,2.50 
@5.00 
@5.50 
@2.00 
@2.25 
.2.00 
@5.00 
,4.00 
@8.00 
@6.00 
@2.00 
, 1.00 
@2.00 
1.00 
@8.00 
, 50 
@2.50 
.4.00 
@6.00 
50 
@3.00 
. 1.50 
@1.75 
.4.00 
@9.00 
1.25 
@1.75 
@2.00 
1.00 
@2.00 
1.25 
@ 1.50 
. 80 
@ 90 
65 
@1.00 
2.00 
@5.00 
,2.00 
@4.50 
2.00 
@3.50 
50 
@2.00 
1.00 
@1.50 
21 
@ 23 
18 
@ 20 
8 
0 9 
36 
@ 42 
. 
@ 11 
— 
@ 13M 
— 
@ 8 
— 
@ 13 
— 
@ 13 
, 10 
0 12 
— 
® 55 
— 
@ 25 
RY. 
10 
0 17 
15 
0 25 
11 
@ 14 
17 
@ 24 
11 
0 13 
8 
@ 10 
2.00 
@5.00 
HEATS. 
7 
0 13 
0 11.00 
8% @ 10 
@6.00 
@4.25 
1.60 
@3.75 
6.00 
@ 10.00 
4.00 
@5.00 
.7.00 
@8.00 
@7.25 
PRODUCTS , PRICES , AND TRADE. 
O ranges. —The freeze has shortened the 
Florida season, which appears to be about 
closed, though some excellent fruit will still 
be received from that section, among others 
the remainder of the Merritt’s Island. Indian 
River, crop, which escaped the frost. No 
finer oranges reach New York than the Mer¬ 
ritt's Island product, a standard brand being 
that of M. S. Sams. They retail high, often 
from 75 cents to $1 per dozen. Prices of 
Florida oranges at the recent auction sales 
: n tills market showed an average decline of 
50 cents per box, owing to the wasty con¬ 
dition of the fruit offered. Late wholesale 
prices have run from $2 to $3.50. The freeze 
damaged grape fruit even more than oranges. 
Trade with Germany. —Farmers have rea¬ 
son to be interested in the fate of the tariff 
reciprocity matter with Germany now pending 
in Congress. That country has been a heavy 
buyer of our apples, both dried and fresh, 
and If we permit the present temporary agree¬ 
ment to lapse, Germany will impose the full 
duty, about three times the present charge. 
This will be so nearly prohibitive that our 
apple trade will be cut to a small figure. 
The change was due to take effect some 
mouths ago. but Germany extended the time 
to June 30, to give Congress opportunity to 
do something. But Congress is loath to con¬ 
sider. it. the sentiment l>oing that the pres¬ 
ent tariff act is a settled thing, an embodi¬ 
ment of wisdom beyond the understanding or 
appreciation of the “common people,” not an 
Iota of which can be changed or reconsid¬ 
ered. If any senseless tariff war with Ger¬ 
many is permitted to result farmers are the 
ones who will “pay the freight.” 
Save Your Envelopes. —In correspon¬ 
dence regarding business about which misun¬ 
derstandings or complications may arise, it 
is well to preserve the envelopes in which 
letters are received. This is especially nec¬ 
essary where the question of misuse of the 
mails may be brought up, as the envelope 
constitutes an essential form of proof that 
the matter actually went through the mails. 
When making complaint to the Post Office 
Department regarding possible fraudulent use 
of mails, the envelopes should always be sent 
attached to their, proper letters. An effort 
is being made to get through Congress a bill 
limiting the power of the postal authorities 
regarding fraud orders, by giving parties thus 
shut out a chance to have their cases re¬ 
viewed In the courts. If the post office peo¬ 
ple were In the habit of abusing their powers 
in issuing fraud orders, the need for such 
restriction might exist, but they have not. 
All fraud cases are thoroughly investigated 
and nothing is done except on clear evidence. 
Butter Lower. —A drop of five cents from 
last reports is noted. It has been too high 
for the good of the trade In general for sev¬ 
eral weeks. In fact, when the wholesale 
price goes above 30 cents consumers get un¬ 
easy. They feel that something Is wrong 
and think that the farmers are making too 
much money out of their butter. One city 
consumer told me recently that he hoped the 
lax would be taken off from oleo so as to 
bring butter down from Its stilts. He said 
he did not care whether or not the oleo was 
sold under the guise of butter—that he 
would “as soon be swindled by buying oleo 
ps butter as to pay 10 cents per pound bonus 
to the butter trust.” Here is where the 
farmer suffers in reputation for the sins of 
speculators who misuse cold storage privi¬ 
leges, and would force the price to 50 cents 
if they could. It is quite generally believed 
that interests formerly heavy manufacturers 
of oleo are at the foundation of much of the 
speculative and storage work that has kept 
butter abnormally high, as a means of whoop¬ 
ing up sentiment in favor of the “poor man s 
butter.” 
Pure Butter. —Some grocers in this city 
handling dairy products talk of refusing to 
handle butter or cheese unless a guarantee 
that it conforms to the requirements of law 
be given by the manufacturer or first hand 
dealer. The chief reason for mentioning the 
matter here is the sneering tone in which 
the statement Is made, the assumption being 
that farmers will at once begin to study out 
schemes for dodging the law. Some small 
percentage will, but the majority of butter 
and cheese makers have no reason to dodge. 
The chief point in question is excess mois¬ 
ture. The law brands as adulterated butter 
having more than 16 per cent water. Chief 
Wehster. of the Dairy Division, says that 
as the result of a large numoer of tests they 
have found that butter made under normal 
conditions should contain less than 15 per 
cent, usually running between 14% to 14%. 
At any rate, more than 16 per cent water is 
the result of a deliberate swindle or of faulty 
methods that cannot lie corrected too quickly. 
Butter now retails from 30 to 40 cents. If 
it contains the full lawful limit of water (It! 
per cent) the buyer pays from .048 to .064 
for the water in a single pound. It is possi¬ 
ble to work in more than 20 per cent with¬ 
out the fraud being noticed by most con¬ 
sumers. This Is a serious matter, and repu¬ 
table dairymen well know that they cannot 
afford to have the suspicion of tolerating such 
a contemptible swindle rest on them. Deal¬ 
ers need havo no fear that the dairy inter 
eats are unwilling to stand for the purity 
of their product. 
More Kicks. —A poultry dealer got a fiery 
letter from a man who claimed that the 
returns received showed a shortage in weight 
of 105 pounds from the amount his shipment 
called for. Looking up the express bills it 
was found that the weight was 100 pounds 
less than the shipper claimed, so that the 
shrinkage was slight and the complaint un¬ 
just. A great many shippers give the gross 
weight in invoicing poultry, apparently think¬ 
ing that it may be sold in the same way. 
But it never is. The weight of the pack¬ 
age Is always deducted, and the package usu¬ 
ally brings nothing. If one wishes to “check 
off” the commission man, a memorandum of 
the net weight of poultry should be kept. 
Then it Is easy to note whether the returns 
show more than a fair amount of shrinkage. 
In showing one nackage of turkeys to a buyer 
a big gobbler was taken out, laid on another 
package and not put back in its proper place. 
That lot of poultry showed a shortage of 
20 pounds, but the excess was noted on the 
other lot and correction easily made. 
“Look at those two lambs," said a dealer 
who handles large numbers of hothouse lambs. 
The two he mentioned were fine carcasses, fat 
and well grown, but much too large. They 
weighed over 45 pounds each, which is 10 or 
15 pounds more than is wanted in “Spring” 
lambs and would have actually netted the 
shipper more bad lie sold them a month ago. 
“The worst thing about it is that they 
came from a new customer,” said the dealer, 
“and he will be sure to think I have not 
given him a square deal.” The lambs showed 
that this man has good stock, which would 
bring top prices if marketed at the right 
time. __ w. w. h. 
Horace L. Bronson, of Cortland, N. Y„ 
reports the following recent sales: To A. 
C. Hayward, Oriskany Falls, N. Y., the 
bull. Prince Witkop De Kol Korndyke, and 
the following females: Mercedes Magali Jewel, 
No. 71241. born March 6. 1906, one of the 
highest priced calves from Star Farm herd; 
Johanna De Paul Pietertje, No. 670(56, to 
D. B. Neal, of Pitcher. N. Y.. one of the best 
bred cows of the herd: Dichter 2’s Vadora, 
No. 42803, and to C. A. Kelsey, of Porterville, 
N. Y., the registered Holstein cow Axle De 
Kol Pietertje, No. 79365. One of the more 
important sales from Star Farm in numbers*, 
excellence of stock and amount of money paid 
was that to W. T. Morrison, of Amsterdam, 
N. Y.. who bought a carload in which were 
included Maud Lorie Pietertje, No. 52502; 
llartog Netherland Princess, No. 57125; 
Shadeland Dulcebii De Kol. No. 71469; Calam¬ 
ity Johanna Wit De Kol, No. 79577, Flora 
Pietertje No. 68059; Lady Gaiis De Spofford. 
No. 68875, and to head this herd the bull 
Belle Korndyke Aaggle Leila Prince, No. 
39257. 
Post-Oftice Experiences. —'Experiences at 
post offices referred to some time ago re¬ 
minded the writer of an Instance in our local 
post office. A perfectly well appearing and 
polite Polish man called for his mail, giving 
bis name which to a Yankee was rather hard 
to get the “hang of.” The postmaster an¬ 
swered rather gruffly : “No, thfre is no mail 
for you nor anyone like you.” The Polander 
looked amazed at such an answer from a 
servant of the government of this United 
States of America, but made no comment 
A. R 
When you write advertisers mention The 
R. N.-Y. and you’ll get a quick reply and 
“a square deal.” See guarantee, page 14. 
RELIABLE HEALTH FOOD 
For Horses, Cows, Hogs, Chickens. 
Will build up and keep healthy your horses, increase 
the milk output of cows, fatten your bOKS, keep 
healthy and stimulate your chickens; satisfactory 
results guaranteed, put up in 25, 60 and 100-lb. bags 
and 260-lb. barrels; special rates to dealers. 
RELIABLE HORSE & CATTLE FOOD CO., 44 Pearl St., N. Y. 
Sure Cure for Chillblains and Sore FeeMSc'! 
for sample to Albert Franklin, Hinsdale, Mass. 
Older Machinery—Rend for Catalogue to Boomer & 
Boschort Press Co., 118 West Water St. .Syracuse, N.Y, 
F OR SALK—New Cream Separator. New Upright 
Hay Press; cheap. F. BOOTH, Stanley, N. Y. 
Lambs, Calves, Poultry 
Our specialties are choice Hothouse Lambs, Calves, 
Poultry, Furs, Ginseng and Fancy Eggs. Careful 
attention given to shipments. 
Write us what you have to soil. 
WM. H. COHEN & CO., 229-231 Washington St., N. Y. 
ni CAQC send a trial shipment to the Oldest Coin- 
rLCMOL mission House in New York. Established 
1838. Butter, Cheese, Eggs, Poultry, Hay, Apples, etc. 
E. B. WOODWARD, 302 Greenwich St., New York. 
rinii PAD CAI C Cheapest one ever offered 
r Alim rUll for the money; contains 200 
acres, half in cultivation and half in timber. Good 
house, good fruit; splendid location. Price $2,500. 
Many other great bargains: write for catalog. Address 
Samuel P. Woodcock, Salisbury, Wicomico Co., Md. 
3 nnn MONEY-MAKING EARM8 for sale 
throughout New England, New York, 
New Jersey and the South; write for “Strout’s List 
No. 17,” describing hundreds of bargains, all sizes and 
f rie.es, with pictures of buildings. E. A. STROUT. 
arm Dept. 42, 150 Nassau Street, New York City. 
THRICE-A-WEEK WORLD, and U| Ac 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER, } a year. 
The World gives you the news of the whole world 
three times a week—156 times a year. In this com¬ 
bination it costs you only 65 cents. If you want the 
news of the day, you can hardly look for anything 
cheaper. Short of a daily paper, you can get it no 
better. You also get the GRAFF in this combination. 
The Rural New-Yorker, New York. 
BOOKS WOBTH BUYING 
Sent postpaid by Rural New-Yorker at 
prices named: 
Asparagus Culture, Hexamer.50 
Animal Breeding, Shaw. 1.50 
A B C of Bee Culture, Root. 1.25 
American Fruit Culturist, Thomas.. .. 2.50 
Angora Goats, Allen.25 
Agricultural Chemistry, Storer, 3 Vols. 5.00 
Alfalfa, Coburn .50 
Bush Fruits, Card. 1.50 
Business Hen, Collingwood.75 
Care of Animals, Mayo. 1.25 
Campbell’s Handbook of Synonyms.50 
Clovers and IIow to Grow Them, Shaw. 1.12 
Dairy Chemistry, Snyder. 1.00 
Diseases of Swine, Craig.75 
Dwyers’ Guide to Hardy Fruits and Orna¬ 
mentals .50 
Domestic Sheep, Stewart . 1.50 
Economic Entomology, Smith. 2.50 
Feeds and Feeding, Henry. 2.00 
Feeding of Animals, Jordan. 1.25 
Fruit Harvesting and Marketing, Waugh T.00 
Farmer’s Veterinary Advisor, Law.... 3.06 
Fertilizers, Voorhees . 1.00 
Greenhouse Construction, Taft. 1.50 
Greenhouse Management, Taft. 1.50 
Horticulturist’s Rule Book, Bailey.75 
Heather, Wallace . 1.50 
IIow Crops Feed, S. W. Johnson. 1.50 
How Crops Grow, S. W. Johnson. 1.50 
How to Know the Wild Fruits, Peterson 1.65 
Irrigation and Drainage, King. 1.50 
Landscape Gardening, Long.25 
Landscape Gardening, Waugh.50 
Medical Dictionary, Black. 2.66 
Milk and Its Products, Wing. .. 1.00 
Methods of Testing Milk, Van Slyke.. .75 
Mushroom Growing, Falconer. 1.00 
Nursery Book, Bailey. 1.00 
Pruning Book, Bailey. 1.50 
Plums and Plum Culture, Waugh. 1.50 
Physics of Agriculture, King. 1.75 
Tlunt Breeding, Bailey. 1.25 
Plant Culture, Oliver. LOO 
Profitable Dairying, Peck.75 
Swine Husbandry, Coburn. 1.50 
Soil. King .75 
Spraying of Plants. Lodeman. 1.00 
The Farmer’s Garden.75 
Vegetable Gardening, Green. 1.00 
Vinegar and Acetates, Brannt.5.00 
Thb Rural New-Yorker, New York 
