86 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
February 2, 
DAMPNESS IN BARN. 
I have a bam 40 feet by 60, gambrel roof, 
sides around the stable part double boarded 
and paper felt between, battens inside; 
matched flooring above and front of stock. 
The stable part is across the gable end, the 
40 feet, 20 feet for horses and 20 feet for 
cows. It gets all damp inside. What can 
I do for it? A. t. M. 
Eden, N. Y. 
This is the old story—tight barns and 
no ventilation. These side walls should 
be thoroughly insulated by filling with dry 
planer shavings between the inside ceiling 
and outside boarding, taking pains to pro¬ 
vide against any small openings in the 
ceiling. The room must be a perfectly 
tight box with warm walls; then put in 
the King system, which evidently our 
friend understands. The moisture comes 
from the cows, and is found upon the 
side walls because they are cold. An in¬ 
sulated side wall is as much a part of 
ventilation as the flues. H. e. cook. 
THE GYPSY AND BROWN-TAIL 
MOTHS. 
The Gypsy and Brown-tail moths are 
both very serious enemies of fruit trees. 
The Gypsy moth thrives exceedingly well 
upon apple trees and, personally, I have 
seen many trees or small orchards in an 
infested region t'hat were almost entirely 
defoliated by this pest. The Brown-tail 
moth displays a marked preference for 
pear and plum trees, though it not in¬ 
frequently nearly defoliates apple frees. 
It should be borne in mind, in connec¬ 
tion with the above, that these injuries 
occur only on trees that are relatively un¬ 
protected from pests. Timely and thor¬ 
ough sprayings, such as those given by 
most progressive fruit growers in early 
Spring, are ample to keep both of these 
pest's in check. It should be remembered 
that the Gypsy-moth caterpillars are quite 
resistant to poisons after they become 
half grown; consequently it is almost im¬ 
perative, if one would control this spe¬ 
cies, that t'he applications be made early. 
The principal injury, as may be seen from 
the above, will probably be inflicted on 
the scattering trees or small orchards, 
which receive comparatively little atten¬ 
tion, and these in time may become breed¬ 
ing places from which hosts may invade 
adjacent territory. Furthermore, both 
of these pests thrive upon a number of 
shade trees. The Brown-tail moth dis¬ 
plays a marked preference for the maple 
and elm, and, as a consequence, such 
trees in the vicinity of large orchards are 
likely to become a constant source of in¬ 
festation. It is true t'hat these two pests 
have been noticed largely in New Eng¬ 
land on account of their depredations 
upon shade trees, but this is simply due to 
the fact that more widespread injury to 
such trees in the infesfed area has over¬ 
shadowed the serious damage inflicted 
upon various fruit trees. Our people 
should bear in mind the fact that, unless 
the Brown-tail moth is controlled upon 
both fruit and shade trees, there is every 
probability t’hat it will become excessive¬ 
ly abundant in various localities, and then 
we may expect numerous cases of 
“Brown-tail itch,” an infliction better de¬ 
scribed than experienced. 
I consider that there is great danger 
of these two pests becoming established 
in adjacent States. The Gypsy moth 
already occurs in Maine, New Hamp¬ 
shire, Massachusetts, Rhode Island and 
Connecticut and, owing to the great and in¬ 
creasing popularity of the automobile, and 
the long runs made by these machines, 
no one can tell where this insect may 
appear next. There is not, so far as we 
mav ascertain, the slightest evidence for 
believing that this species has become es¬ 
tablished anywhere within the boundaries 
of New York State, and one would be 
very rash to say when the insect may 
be found here. We have, therefore, 
deemed it advisable to enlist, so far as 
possible, the co-operation of all in look¬ 
ing for signs of t'hese insects’ presence. 
Our efforts have resulted in numerous 
communications, and we feel that it is 
moderately safe to say that at present the 
Gypsy moth does not occur in New York 
State. The Brown-tail moth flies read¬ 
ily, and is known to occur in the Con¬ 
necticut Valley. It will very probably 
make its way west before long, and it 
would not be surprising were boats to 
carry it to some Long Island port in the 
near future. Its spread cannot be pre¬ 
vented, and our only hope is that the 
insect may be promptly recognized upon 
its appearance in a locality, and kept from 
becoming enormousfy abundant. The hab¬ 
its of this insect lend itself rather read¬ 
ily to earnest', repressive measures, since 
it winters in conspicuous nests on the 
tips o*f the branches and it is therefore 
comparatively easy to cut these off and 
destroy the hibernating caterpillars. 
N. Y. State Entomologist. E. i*. felt. 
Piece-Root Grafting. 
C. B., Jackson, Mo .—I am about to do 
some piece-root grafting for the purpose of 
raising my own apple trees, and have 
gathered a selection of varieties, but have 
cut the suckers off the limbs of trees to use 
as scions. Since doing so a friend of mine 
told me I had made a mistake, as I should 
have cut the ends of laterals for best results. 
Will the suckers do, or would I better get 
other cuttings? 
A ns. —Many years ago I made a series 
of experiments with root grafts on my 
farm in 'Kansas, using various lengths 
of both scions and roots, and also by cut¬ 
ting the scions from different parts of the 
same free. Ben Davis was the variety 
used for the experiment, it being one of 
the most vigorous. First-class one-year 
seedling roots were cut into lengths one, 
two, three, four, five, six and 12 inches 
long and scions three, four, five, six, 12 
24 and 36 inches in length. These were 
combined in different ways. Scions from 
the topmost and wide branches were used 
and also those wit'h very long jointed 
wood, such as grow from the large 
branches and are called water sprouts. 
The trees that were grown from all these 
different styles of root-grafts were dug 
and examined by me. The best trees 
grew from grafts made from the upper 
five and six-inch cuts of the roots, and if 
mattered very little as to the length of 
the scions on them, or from what part of 
the tree they came. There was a little 
difference bet’ween the starting of the 
scions and in favor of those from the top 
and lateral branches of the tree. The 
buds on the water sprouts were not so 
large nor so well developed and failed 
to start into growth as quickly or as 
strongly as the others. While I would 
prefer scions from the extremities of the 
top and side branches of a tree I would 
take any that had well-developed buds 
on fully ripened wood, in case there were 
not plenty of trees to cut them from. 
H. E. VAN DEMAN. 
Uncle Josh, fresh from Upcreek, had 
been inspecting the family ice-box. “Hen¬ 
ry,” he said, “you told me you was git- 
tin’ artificial ice. The feller that sells it 
to you is foolin’ you. I’ve looked at it, 
and tetched it, and if it ain’t real ice, by 
gum, I never saw any.”—Chicago Tribune. 
When you write advertisers mention The 
It. N.-Y. and you’ll get a quick reply and 
“a square deal.” See guarantee, page 18. 
Make 
By 
Using 
Wonder 
Plow 
Trucks. 
This truck will fit any beam, 
richt or left, one or two horse, 
wood or steel plow. A boy can 
handle it with ease, most of the 
time without his hand on the 
plow. Regulates perfectly 
depth and width of furrow. Will balance plow in 
hard, dry, stony soil, and save a third of draft on 
horses. The plowman does not need to hold plow 
handles. Works perfectly in tall grass or weeds, 
turning them completely under. Thousands in use. 
If it does not do all of these things, you can 
send it back and we will not only return your 
money but pay the freight both ways. 
Write for our booklet ••Progress in Plowing." Agents wanted 
everywhere. Retail price $5. Get special agents proposition. 
Wonder Plow Co. r 32 7 Factor; st., St. Clair. micIl 
You never saw a 
saw which saws 
saw saws 
and) ast sol ong a time. 
Frame of heavy angle 
steel strongly 
braced—absolutely 
no shake. Patented—adjust¬ 
able, dust-proof, non-heating 
oil boxes, etc. We make these 
Appleton Wood Saws 
in 6 styles—strong, simple, safe and snceesssful 
—and we make a 4-wheel mounting for wood 
saws and gasoline engines which is unequalled 
for convenience and durability. Saw your own 
wood and save time, eonl and money—then saw 
your neighbors’ wood and make $5 to $15 a Day. 
We make the celebrated 
HERO FRICTIOIV FEED DRAG SAW 
nothing like it—no other so good. Also feed 
grinders, shellers, fodder cutters, buskers, 
manure spreaders, farm trucks, windmills, 
etc., all guaranteed full Appleton Quality. 
Catalog free for the asking. Ask for it now 
APPLETON 
27 Fargo Street 
MANUFACTURING CO. 
Batavia, Ill., U. S. A. 
Cambridge Steel Plows 
have hack of them 61 years experience in plow 
building, are guaranteed to he the lightest draft, 
most, durable, best working; plows made. Our 
soft centre steel mouldboards tempered by our special 
process are warranted not to break or wear out 
for 5 years. Our steel beams 
and malleable standards are 
warranted for a lifetime. 
Our No. 29 
ST EEL KE- 
YERSIULE 
PLOW, illus¬ 
trated here, 
works equally 
well on level 
land or hillside, turns as good a Ifurrow as any flat 
land plow made. If there is no Cambridge agent in 
your, town write ns for our special proposition 
and complete implement catalogue, illustrating the 
finest line of Steel Plows, Harrows, Cultivators, 
Planters, Hillers. Gasoline Engines, Ensilage Cutters, 
etc., sold in the East. 
H. H. LOVEJOY & SON, 
20to40 Foundry St., Cambridge, N.Y. 
Nitrate of Soda 
was used here 
An average increase of 2775 pounds per acre of field-cured hay was ehown i n Il aetn B ] te^tR whe ro 
Nitrate of Soda was used- Tests were made from Nova Scotia to Missouri, anu lw i oun 8 r 
NITRATE OF SODA 
was used per acre, at a cost of $2.55 to $2.95 per 100 pounds. Compare increase with cost of this 
creat fertilizer. Compare fields shown in above actual reproduced photograph. Nitrate of Soda 
is best and cheapest ammoniate with which to furnish Nitrogen to plants. 
Test It for Yourself Entirely Free ^L a rtn TO ®tr^ n S r g Bt ?nu 
that you use according to our directions, and let us know the result. To the twenty-five farmers 
who got the best results, wo offer, as a prize. Prof. Voorhees most vahudde book on fertilizers, 
their composition, and howto use for different crops. Handsomely bound. 827 pages. Apply at once 
for Nitrate of Soda, as Hus offer is necessarily limited. ' 1' ood for PlantH, a 287-page book of useful 
informal ion. will bo sent free to farmers while the present edition lasts, if paper is mentioned in 
usement'i^sMm* WILLIAM S. MYERS, Director. John Street and 71 Nassau, New York 
POST CARD REPLIES WILL RECEIVE EARLY CONSIDERA ION. 
The only roofing 
sold on a money- 
back guaranty. 
READ OUR TRIAL OFFER. 
I F YOU want the most durable and most 
economical roofing you can buy, please 
read the guaranty we give on Paroid. 
We can and do give you this guaranty be¬ 
cause Paroid is the best ready roofing ever 
made. 
If you will compare a sample of it with 
others, you can see and 
feel the difference. 
Use your own judg¬ 
ment. 
Put your samples out 
in freezing weather and 
then try to bend them. 
Paroid will be soft and 
pliable. 
The others will all 
break and crack-1 
The difference is in 
the way they are made. 
We make the felt for 
Paroid in our own mills, 
established in 1817. We 
know how and we take 
no chances. 
Other manufacturers 
buy their felt, the most 
i mpor tantpartof a read y 
roofing, where they can 
get it the cheapest, and run big risks at the 
very start. 
We saturate the felt in a compound of our 
own, that renders every fibre of it water 
proof. Soaked, mind you, not merely dipped. 
We coat it with the toughest,strongest, thick- 
Paroid 
Roofing 
est, smoothest, most flexible and most durable 
coating used in any ready roofing ever made. 
You can see and feel that for yourself. 
Then we give you with every roll of Paroid 
a complete roofing kit, containing our patent¬ 
ed caps—the only rust-proof cap made. 
Water can’t rust them and cause them to 
work loose and spring a 
leak as all other caps do. 
These are some of the 
reasons why Paroid has 
stood the test of time 
for the United States 
Government here and in 
Cuba and the Philip¬ 
pines, for railway com¬ 
panies, manufacturers, 
farmers, dairymen and 
poultrymen every¬ 
where. 
Send today for free 
samples. Enclose 4c in 
stamps and we will send 
you our new 48-page book 
of plans for practical 
farm and poultry build¬ 
ings. 
If your dealer will not 
supply you, send to us 
We pay the freight. 
F. W. BIRD & SON, 
29 Mill Street, East Walpole, Mass. 
1429 Monadnock Bldg., Chicago, Ill. 
UY one lot of Paroid; 
open it; inspect it;ap¬ 
ply it to your roof, 
and if then you are not 
satisfied that you have the best 
ready roofing made, send us 
your name and address, and 
we will send you a check for 
the full cost of the roofing 
including cost of applying. 
direct. 
NOW IS THE TIME 
To Talk It Over With 
THE BUCKEYE MAN 
about the farm tools you will need this spring. Don t 
put it off until you must have them and then buy the 
first you come across. It’s worth consideration ana 
investigation right now. Suppose you step into the 
Buckeye dealer’s store in your town at an early day 
and “ask the BuckeyeMan” to show you the 1907 
BUCKEYE DRILLS AND CULTIVATORS 
He’ll be pleased to tell you of the exclusive features and points 
of superiority that have made Buckeye implements so famous. 
Just ask him about the Buckeye Steel Drill Frame that always 
stays firm and lasts a life time. 
Ask about our Cone Gear for driving and feeding—its the vital 
part of a drill you ought to know all about. It’s a marvel of accu¬ 
racy in feeding and convenience in changing the feed. Ask him to 
show you many other good points that have made the Buckeye 
Drills so popular. . 
If you will need a cultivator, ask him to tell why he sells so many 
Buckeye Riding Cultivators and you will get convincing proof that 
they are the kind to buy. ... , 
If there is no Buckeye dealer in your vicinity sit down and write to 
us for our 1907 catalog—we’ll do the rest. 
P. P. MAST & COMPANY, Dept. B5, Springfield, Ohio. 
