1907. 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
129 
THE BEST STOCK FOR APPLES. 
Reader (No Address ).—I am thinking of 
setting 1.000 small apple trees in the Spring 
to regraft to King, Twenty Ounce, Wagoner 
and some other sorts. I shall set them in 
nursery rows for two years or more, and 
graft when of the desired size. I wish to 
graft about three feet from the ground to 
form hardy trunks. Should I use grafted 
stock, as Ben Davis or Baldwin, or should 
I use seedlings for stock? Which would bear 
fruit first and make the best trees, if any 
difference? 
I would advise, if possible, to get 1.000 
yearling Northern Spy trees, and in the 
event of your not being able to get those 
would suggest next Northwestern Green¬ 
ings, and would name one other variety, 
the Talman Sweet. I like the Spy better 
than all others, for the reason that it in¬ 
fluences the root of the seedling upon 
which it is budded, making the roots of 
the trees stronger, which has effect upon 
the trees. I would advise budding these 
trees the second year, put buds in the 
body of the tree started three feet from 
the ground, which will make the low 
head absolutely certain. The trees will 
naturally be low-branched, and some of 
the buds might be set in the branches, 
where they are just right to form a per¬ 
fect head. I think there would be little 
difference in the time in which these trees 
or seedlings would produce fruit. By 
choosing certain varieties, as Yellow 
Transparent, Duchess, Wealthy and Wag- 
cncr, the buds would produce fruit the 
second and third years, almost all of 
which, of course, should be taken off, 
the young trees not being allowed to 
bear. By selecting buds from mature 
bearing trees I am inclined to believe that 
they will begin to bear earlier. 
GEORGE T. POWELL. 
In double-working apples and pears I 
have had the best success from budding. 
In this case would buy strong one-year- 
old trees of Baldwin or Spy cut them back 
to the desired height and plant them in 
the nursery row in very rich soil. I think 
better results will be obtained in this way 
than if seedlings are used. The differ¬ 
ence of growth in the trees in the nursery 
is due largely to the stocks on which 
they are budded, and when we select an 
even lot of the largest growth we prob¬ 
ably have them upon stocks that are prac¬ 
tically alike, while if we plant seedlings 
for budding we would expect to have 
trees varying in size and strength, some 
large and some small. In August I 
would put in three buds on different sides 
of the stock at the height desired for the 
main branches to form. The following 
Spring would cut away all but one of 
the budded shoots, and cut the shoots con¬ 
taining the buds back to within about one- 
half of an inch of the top bud. I would 
allow but one bud to grow, and when 
this has grown a shoot about 10 inches 
long would cut off about six inches of 
it, which will cause two or three buds 
below to break, and thus the head would 
be well started. If the end only of 
the shoot was pinched the bud next be¬ 
low only would start. The entire force of 
the tree should be carried into the 
branches that are to form the head, and 
at the end of the second season in the 
nursery we should have a stocky tree of 
good size ready for the orchard. It might 
prove profitable if the land is not in the 
best condition for orchard growth to 
transplant these trees again to the nurs¬ 
ery row and continue the preparation of 
the land by growing cover crops and 
plowing them in. Trees budded twice and 
transplanted twice or more will certainly 
come into bearing sooner than those bud¬ 
ded and transplanted but once. 
Massachusetts. s. t. maynard. 
My plan would be to purchase first-class 
trees of good, hardy kinds. My first choice 
would be Northern Spy or Baldwin; if 
not these some good, hardy, strong-grow¬ 
ing variety—Winesap, Mammoth Black 
I wig or Roxbury Russet would do; if 
I could not get those I would use Ben 
Davis, but it is not the best. I would 
top-graft these as high as I wanted them, 
and do it as soon as set- If he is net 
ready to set in orchard and wishes to set 
in nursery rows aiul graft down to three 
feet, get what is classed as five-eighths 
trees of the varieties I name. If he can 
find natural trees four or five feet with 
fair stems they would be the best, but 
seedlings would not be satisfactory unless 
he let them grow two years before graft¬ 
ing, and then it would be necessary to 
prune and train to a straight stem to graft 
on, and many would have to be splice- 
grafted, as the stems would not be large 
enough for cleft-grafting. Unless he in¬ 
tends to start the heads down three feet 
they should be grafted up higher, as the 
hardy trunk should extend up to the top. 
If he takes his time in consideration it 
will be as cheap and more satisfactory to 
set first-class trees and graft the first 
year when set. chas. black. 
New Jersey. 
Ground Leak in a Greenhouse. 
P. F., Teciimsch; Mich. —I am interested in 
x greenhouse establishment, utilized for rais¬ 
ing lettuce in a commercial way and in 
connection with a celery farm. The boiler 
pit is in a gravel bed. and is walled with 
brick and floored with cement, hut the na¬ 
tural water level in this gravel stratum 
being high, the water seeps in and fre¬ 
quently covers the floor to a depth of several 
inches, necessitating the use of a •■bilge 
pump” to constantly bail it out. We have 
had the best cement men in the vicinity in¬ 
stall a heavy cement floor and coping, but 
the floor persists in cracking and the water 
in flowing, and we are at a loss as to what 
course to pursue. Can you make suggestions 
to remedy the difficulty. 
Ans.—T his is a difficult proposition, for 
it is usually found to be much easier to 
keep water in a cellar so situated than 
it is to keep it out. I have known of a 
large cistern that was built for the stor¬ 
age of rain water that acted in precisely 
the same manner as the cellar in ques¬ 
tion. This cistern was dug out to a depth 
of about 12 feet, and the ground proved 
to contain springs, the consequence being 
that the bottom bulged in, and finally had 
to be filled in to a depth of 14 or 15 
inches of good concrete before it became 
secure. I would suggest that the repairs 
be postponed until the driest part of the 
Summer, at which time the water level of 
the gravel stratum may be much lower, 
then fill all cracks with pure cement made 
thin enough to run in, and finally lay an¬ 
other heavy floor of cement, carry it far 
enough up the walls to be well above 
the water level. w. h. t. 
When you write advertisers mention The 
It. N.-Y. and you’ll get a quick reply and 
"a square deal.” See guarantee, page 18. 
Don’t YOU Trade in New York 
and Save 
Money on 
Everything- 
Over 75,000 
labor-saving, 
money-saving arti¬ 
cles for farm, home 
and shop, fully de¬ 
scribed, illustrated 
and priced in Big 
New Catalog No. 
We will sell to you 
at wholesale prices 
the following goods 
in small quantities 
as well as large: 
THIS 700 PAGE CATALOGUE FREE. 
Hardware, all kinds. 
Tool Cabinets, Sweaters, 
Shot Guns, Rifles, Traps, 
Watches, Jewelry, 
Clocks, Silverware, 
Knives, Razors, 
Fancy Goods, Lamps, 
Books, Purses, Bags, 
Fine Groceries, Seeds, 
Paints, Oils, Varnishes, 
Baby Carriages, Sleds, 
Sewing Machines, Whips, 
Carriages, Wagons, 
Stoves. Ranges, 
Electrical Supplies, 
Boots and Shoes,! 
Revolvers, Cartridges, 
Shells, Fishing Tackle, 
Talking Machines, 
Farming Tools, Skates, 
Incubators and Brooders, 
Ice Tools, Sleighs, 
Cream Separators,Freezers 
Washing Machines, 
House Furnishing Goods, 
Mechanics Tools. 
Oppopite each article In the Catalogue, la the low price at 
which we sell it, the lowest price for which it can t-e bought 
in any store, big or little, in this or any country on the Globe. 
You will spend hours of interest over its pages : you will 
marvel at the wonderful variety all complete to one big book. 
Makes buying pleasant and profitable, wherever you live. 
This up-ticdate Buyer’s Guide costs us $1.00 to print, hut is 
sent postpaid free or charge, to all who ask for it in good 
faith. Hundreds of requests rome to -is every day, and we 
want to place It in every home In t lie United States. 
WRITE FOR IT TO-DAY. 
We will send you our Premium 1,1st, containing 100 valuable 
and useful articles given away tree. Also Grocery List, showing 
how you can save one-third your living expenses. 
WE SELL RELIABLE GOODS ONLY. 
Buy or us slid secure Best Goods at Lowest Prices. Prompt 
Shipments. Low Freight and Express Kales and a SQUARE 
DUAL every time. We guarantee satisfaction orrefund money. 
We also guarantee safe delivery of all goods ordered of us. 
WHITE, VAN GLAHN & CO., 
19 CHATHAM SQUARE. Established 1816. SEW YORK CITY 
The Oldest Mail Order House in America. 
♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ 
ICE 
TOOLS 
ELEVATORS 
♦ GIFFORD-WOOD CO. 
♦ Hudson, N. Y. 
{ Arlington, Mass. 
♦ ♦ 
♦ Send for Catalog It. ♦ 
$>»♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦« 
Tiie only roofing 
sold on a money- 
back guaranty. 
READ OUR TRIAL OFFER. 
Paroid 
Roofing 
B 
I P YOU want the most durable and most 
economical roofing you can buy, please 
read the guaranty we give on Paroid. 
We can and do give you this guaranty be¬ 
cause Paroid is the best ready roofing ever 
made. 
If you will compare a sample of it with 
others, you can see and_ 
feel the difference. 
Use your own judg¬ 
ment. 
Put your samples out 
in freezing weather and 
then try to bend them. 
Paroid will be soft and 
pliable. 
The others will all 
break and crackl 
The difference is in 
the way they are made. 
We make the felt for 
Paroid in our own mills, 
established in 1817. We 
know how and we take 
no chances. 
Other manufacturers 
buy their felt, the most 
i mpor tantpartof a ready 
roofing, where they can 
get it the cheapest, and run big risks at the 
very start. 
We saturate the felt in a compound of our 
own, that renders every fibre of it water 
proof. Soaked, mind you, not merely dipped. 
Wecoat it with the toughest,strongest , thick- 
11 Y one lot of Paroid; 
open it; inspect it; ap¬ 
ply it to your roof, 
and if then you are not 
satisfied that you have the best 
ready roofing made, send us 
your name and address, and 
we will send you a check for 
the full cost of the roofing 
including cost of applying. 
est, smoothest, most flexible and most durable 
coating used in any ready roofing ever made. 
You can see and feel that for yourself. 
Then we give you with every roll of Paroid 
a complete roofing kit, containing our patent¬ 
ed caps—the only rust-proof cap made. 
Water can’t rust them and cause them to 
work loose and spring a 
leak as all other caps do. 
These are some of the 
reasons why Paroid has 
stood the test of time 
for the United States 
Government here and in 
Cuba and the Philip¬ 
pines, for railway com¬ 
panies, manufacturers, 
farmers, dairymen and 
poultrymen every¬ 
where. 
Send today for free 
samples. Enclose 4c in 
stamps and we will send 
you ournew48-page book 
of plans for practical 
farm and poultry build¬ 
ings. 
If your dealer will not 
supply you, send to us 
direct. We pay the freight. 
F. W. BIRD & SON, 
29 Mill Street, East Walpole. Mass. 
1429 Monadnock Bldg., Chicago, Ill. 
Make Plowing Easy 
By 
Using 
Wonder 
Plow 
Trucks. 
This truck will fit any beam, 
right or left, one or two horse, 
wood or steel plow. A boy can 
handle it with ease, most of the 
time without his hand on the 
plow. Regulates perfectly 
depth and width of furrow. Will balance plow jn 
hard, dry, stony soil, and save a third of draft on 
horses. The plowman does not need to hold plow 
handles.' Works perfectly in tall grass or weeds, 
turning them completely under. Thousands in use. 
If it does not do all of these things, you can 
send it back and we will not only return your 
money but pay the freight both ways. 
Write for our booklet "Progress in Plowing." Agents wanted 
everywhere. Retail price $5. Get special agents proposition. 
Wonder Plow Co.,32 7 Factory St., St. Clair. Mich 
You never saw a 
saw which saws 
like this saw saws 
andl ast so long a time. 
Frame of heavy angle 
steel strongly 
braced—absolutely 
no shake. Patented—adjust¬ 
able, dust-proof, non-heating 
oil boxes, etc. We make these 
Appleton Wood Saws 
in 6 styles—strong, simple, safe and successsful 
—and we make a 4-wheel mounting for wood 
saws and gasoline engines which is unequalled 
for convenience and durability. Saw your own 
wood and save time, coal and money—then saw 
your neighbors’ wood and make $5 to 815 a Day. 
We make the celebrated 
HERO FRICTION FEED DRAG SAW 
nothing like it—no other so good. Also feed 
grinders, shellers, fodder cutters, buskers, 
manure spreaders, farm trucks, windmills, 
etc., all guaranteed full Appleton Quality. 
Catalog free for the asking. Ask for it now. £) 
APPLETON MANUFACTURING CO. 
L 27 Fargo Street Batavia. Ill.. U. S. A. 
DRILLING & 
PROSPECTING MACHINES. 
Fastest drillers known. Great money earners I 
LOOMIS MACHINE CO* TIFFIN. OHIO. 
Well 
The Acme Harrow 
Well pulverized soil 
is the most im¬ 
portant requi¬ 
site of a good 
seed bed. No 
field—no 
matter how 
rich—is well 
prepared for seed 
Unless the ground 
has been thoroughly 
pulverized. 
Does the old fashioned spike 
or spring toothed harrow do 
that! It does not. it do., tear 
up the grass, weeds and trash the 
plow buried, and which should stay buried. 
What you need is the ACME All Stool Riding Harrow—the 
only harrow built on scientific principles. 
Flat steel spurs go ahead of the Acme coulters or teeth, 
crushing and leveling every clod. 
Then the coulters liko long plowshares 
follow, turning the soil both ways and 
mixing it. When they get through with 
it the soil is as tine as a Harrow can make 
it and presents all its food to the seed. 
Think how much easier on the 
team the Acme Harrow 1st 
The old harrow dragged blunt¬ 
ly against the soil. The Acme 
cuts smoothly through. 
Then the Acme is very conveni¬ 
ent to move from one field to an¬ 
other, as a lever raises the coul¬ 
ters from the ground. One 
man can put' the harrow in a 
wagon or sled with ease. 
The Acme is the lowest priced harrow 
made and is built to last. 
Writeforfroo book,“A Perfect Seed Bed." 
Written by dl.tlngul.hod agriculturist.. 
A postal to mo and It will como. 
DUANE H. NASH, 
MILLINGTON, N. J. 
TWICE THE RESULTS 
FROM YOUR MEN 
AND MORSES 
by using the Planet Jr Two-Row Pivot-Wheel Cultivator, Plow, 
Furrower and Ridger. 
Crooked and irregular rows — two rows at a time—easily worked, without 
stopping the horses, and of course without injury to plants. A wonder in working 
check-rows. Crops cultivated in height to 5 feet — rows any 
width from 28 to 44 inches apart. Never leaves open furrows 
next to plants. Covers two furrows of manure, potatoes, corn 
or any seed dropped in furrows. 
Designed and shaped to do practical work, and built to last and keep its 
wearing edges keen. 
Every wide-awake farmer and gardener should have our New Catalogue 
of Planet Jr Hand and Horse Implements, with the 1907 improvements, 
bent free. S. L A |, en & Co > Boi U07 . v Philadelphia, p a . 
Planet Jr. 
