i3o 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
February 16, 
THE SPRAYING PROBLEM. 
Soft Soap Effective. 
J. B. II., Morristown, Tcnn .—Something 
over a year ago I found one of my Garber 
pear trees nearly covered with San Josd 
scale. I could find no other tree on my farm 
with scale, so I began to cast about for a 
cheap remedy that could l>c quickly and eas¬ 
ily applied. A friend told me that one man 
in the county claimed to have rid some 
trees of scale by the application of common 
country-made soap. Acting on tills bint 1 
took soft soap and a paint brush and gave 
the parts affected a complete covering of 
soap. To make sure, I repeated the opera¬ 
tion last March. The tree is now entirely 
free from scale, and appears to be perfctly 
healthy. Very generally the first attack of 
the scale will be found, on any given farm 
or orchard, upon a single tree. This remedy 
is always at hand; I thought therefore I 
ought to give it to the public. 
Ans. —Whale-oil soap, two pounds to 
gallon of water, is effective for San Jose 
scale, either painted on or applied with a 
spray pump in Spring. It must be warm 
when used as a .spray, as it thickens when 
cold. It is a handy remedy for an occa¬ 
sional tree, but if above effective strength 
often injures buds. 
Spray for Apple Scab. 
A. S., Monticello, Ind .—How many days 
between spraying? I mean the limit to be 
sure of success. Give me in plain language 
the ingredients or how to make the solution 
for Apple scab or speck, how often to use 
it and when to begin to apply it? 
Ans. —Spray for Apple scab and Cod¬ 
ling moth combined, and control both 
with same dose. First application just be¬ 
fore blossoms show pink, using Bordeaux 
Mixture, one-quarter pound Paris-green 
to each 50 gallons. Repeat immediately 
after almost all blossoms have fallen, 
using one-half pound Paris-green to each 
50 gallons of Bordeaux. This is the most 
important spraying for Codling moth larva 
and must not be delayed; care should be 
taken to use a high pressure and forcible 
spray, and spray downward upon the 
apples as much as possible. A large pro¬ 
portion of first brood of Codling moth 
larva enter the apple through blossom 
end, and if at this time we can place a 
small amount of poison there it will kill 
later on. A third spraying similar to the 
second should be made two weeks later, 
and some growers follow by later ones. 
A fourth spraying four weeks later comes 
at a time to prevent a late attack of Apple 
scab and also may hit second brood of 
Codling moth. An easy way to make 
Bordeaux Mixture for the beginner: Pre¬ 
viously suspend in a barrel of water one 
pound of copper sulphate to each gallon 
of water (if a 50-gallon cask, 50 pounds). 
If care is taken to suspend copper sul¬ 
phate at surface of water in barrel it will 
dissolve in a few hours. Stir before 
using and keep tightly covered to prevent 
evaporation. To make 50 gallons of mix¬ 
ture, put four gallons of copper sulphate 
solution in 50-gallon spray tank, and fill 
two-thirds to three-fourths full with water, 
Slake four pounds of lime in small tub 
(lard or butter tubs are handy), dilute 
with water to near amount required to 
fill tank, and add to copper sulphate solu¬ 
tion in spray tank, straining it through a 
strainer at the same time. Be sure to 
have good lime. A few extra tubs are 
handy, as one can then slake up enough 
batches of lime for day’s spraying. After 
lime is slaked it should be kept covered 
with water until used. 
A Talk About Nozzles. 
The Vermorel types are best. Nozzles 
of this type are made by almost all manu¬ 
facturers of spraying machinery. They 
have an inner eddy chamber, and throw 
a whirling funnel-shaped spray through 
a round opening. Nozzles having sharp 
angles or projections likely to catch on 
twigs or small branches should be avoid¬ 
ed; passageway from spray rod to eddy 
chamber must not be so small as to clog 
easily and should be easily cleaned if 
clogged. Some of the newer types are 
made to take the place of a two, three 
or four cluster of the old style. These 
have larger openings and inside channels, 
and while not throwing quite as fine a 
spray it is fine enough for all practical 
purposes and almost no trouble from clog¬ 
ging. Nozzles of the stopcock type are 
of but little value, as when used but a 
short time they invariably leak or dribble, 
even with a high pressure, not throwing 
all the material free from the nozzle. 
They throw a fan-shaped spray of farther 
carrying power than the Vermorel type, 
and would be desirable if this fault could 
be corrected. Corrosive sprays like Bor¬ 
deaux or lime-sulphur cause them to stick, 
so that they turn with difficulty. Nozzles 
arranged so you can spray at right angles 
to the spray rod are very desirable in 
spraying currant bushes, shrubs, plants 
and small trees, as practically both sides 
of small tree or shrub can be sprayed 
without changing one’s position, and one 
can spray up underneath foliage or 
branches as well. b. d. v. b. 
Starting an Orchard in Stumps. 
J. Spring Green, UTs.—Has any reader 
of The It. N.-Y. had experience in planting 
fruit trees on land cleared of timber, with 
stumps still remaining? Timber in my case 
was White, Black and Burr oak ; land has an 
eastern slope, soil black loam with clay sub¬ 
soil. I have been told that fruit trees would 
do well under these conditions, as the de¬ 
caying roots would servo both as a mulch 
and fertilizer. Of course it would be im¬ 
possible to plow land prior to planting. 
Ans.—A number of readers have re¬ 
ported such planting. Some report a good 
growth on the trees. Of course it is not 
always possible to set such trees out in 
exact lines. Sometimes a stump will 
come where the tree should be planted. 
Considerable hand work will be needed, 
though some plowing can be done with 
one horse and a light plow. You should 
hoe around the trees or mulch them and 
cut the sprouts and weeds to put around 
the trees. Let us hear from those who 
have started orchards this way. 
“Papa,” pleadingly said the clergyman’s 
little son, “I hope your special sermon for 
children to-morrow will be kind o’ short. 
Billy Smith and Johnny Jonks and Chuck 
Purdy and some of the other fellows have 
been to see me about it, and if the sermon 
is a long one Billy Smith is going to lick 
me; if it is very long Billy Smith and 
Johnny Jonks will lick me, if it is awful 
long Billy and Johnny and Chuck will lick 
me, and if it is any longer than that the 
rest of the boys will pile on, and all of 
’em lick me!”—Puck. 
O Hay fever or 
malaria leaves the 
system in a weak¬ 
ened condition. 
Consequently 
winter colds come 
easily and are 
hard to get rid of. 
Prevent them 
or cure them 
with Scott's 
Emulsion . 
O ALL DRUGGISTS t 
Q SOc. AND $1.00. 
| 
! 
o 
« 
o 
o 
Stump and Tree Pullers 
Self-anchoring and Stump- 
anchored. Something now. 
Pull an ordinary stump in 1% 
minutes. lto5 
acres at a set¬ 
ting. Different 
sizes to 6uit 
all kinds of 
clearings. 
For illustrated 
catalog address 
Powerful, 
llandy, 
Low 
Priced. 
Milne Mfg. Co. 860 Ninth St., Monmouth, III. 
When you write advertisers mention The 
R. N.-Y. and you'll get a quick reply and 
“a square deal.” See guarantee, page 18. 
How to Buy 
A Good Vehicle 
And Save Money. Difference 
Between “Buckeyes” and 
“Crazy Quilts.” 
Intelligent farmers more than ever realize 
that the only legitimate price on vehicles is the 
manufacturers’ price. Nobody cares to pay two 
or three profits on top of that. 
But when you start out to buy at factory 
prices, you want to be sure you are dealing 
with a real manufacturer—one who makes what 
he sells and sells only that which he makes. 
Of the scores of concerns claiming to sell 
buggies direct to consumer very few indeed 
are manufacturers. 
Here is where the farmer’s ability to properly 
choose comes in. Some mail order houses buy 
from different factories the cheapest con¬ 
structed vehicles possible—work no responsible 
factory would send out bearing the manufac¬ 
turer’s nameplate. This work is sold “direct” 
to the unsuspecting buyer who really pays 
two profits, the manufacturer's and the seller's. 
Another class of concerns merely assemble 
parts of vehicles. They buy cheaply con¬ 
structed wheels from one factory, bodies from 
another, tops from another, gears from another 
and so on. These inferior parts are assembled 
into a “crazy quilt” sortof a vehicle which does 
not carry with it the responsibility of the 
manufacturer. Buyers of “crazy quilt” vehi¬ 
cles also pay two profits—the manufacturer’s 
and seller’s. 
But how shall the farmer discriminate 
between the square deal manufacturer and the 
fakir ? How shall he safeguard himself ? Be¬ 
fore buying he should say to the one claiming 
to sell buggies at factory prices: “You must 
show me. 
Now, the manufacturer of Buckeye vehicles 
Is both willing and able to prove to your entire 
satisfaction that he sells.buggies of his own 
manufacture only; that his factory is the 
largest and best equipped in the State of Ohio 
selling direct to consumers; that no other fac¬ 
tory m the country selling.direct to the user 
makes its own vehicle bodies; no other makes 
as many different parts of vehicles. The fac¬ 
tory of the manufacturer of Buckeye buggies 
is not a mere myth—a catalog picture. It 
covers a city block, standing in brick and stone 
as a monument to standard materials, honest 
workmanship and square deal business meth¬ 
ods. The manufacturer of Buckeye buggies is 
endorsed by a Cincinnati National Bank, a Cin¬ 
cinnati State Bank and the Bradstreet Commer¬ 
cial Agency, Cincinnati or New York offices. 
But what is more impor tan t,this manufacturer 
is endorsed by thousands of farmers through¬ 
out the United States, who for years have had 
business dealings with this concern direct, and 
whose testimonials will be gladly sent to any 
one interested. 
Therefore, when yon buy a Buckeye Buggy 
you are sure to get a bargain. You get a well 
constructed, strong, stylish buggy—a buggy 
carrying with it the manufacturer’s name plate 
and responsibility; also the most liberal guar¬ 
anty ever offered by a manufacturer; and as to 
price, you do not pay a profit to the jobber, to 
the dealer, or to the mail order fakir. You 
only pay the actual cost of economical manu¬ 
facture, to which is added the fair profit of a 
responsible manufacturer. 
The new “Buckeye Clipper” is the best and 
strongest buggy on the market for $50, as well 
as the most stylish. It has many points of 
merit not usually found in vehicles sold for 
double the price. The manufacturer will build 
it to your order and guarantee to save you 
money. The special guaranty itself will con¬ 
vince you that the goods are right. 
A postal card willbring you absolutely FREE 
a big, beautiful Book descriptive of 250 styles 
of Buckeye Vehicles and Harness. Address 
The Columbia Mfg. & Supply Co., No. 112 
*»ummer St., Cincinnati, O. 
Can Save a Lot of Work! 
Can Save a Lot of Mone y! 
Can Increase Your Comtortsl 
Can Increase Your Profits! 
If you are interested in those things m 
we’d like to send you our new book about 
ELECTRIC STE Wheels 
and the 
ELECTRIC Ha Wagon 
More t^an a million and a quarter of them are 
In use and several hundred thousand farmers say 
that they are the best investment they ever made. 
They’ll save you more money, more work, give bet¬ 
ter service and greater satisfaction than any other 
metal wheel made—because They're Made Better. 
By every test they are the best. Spokes united to 
the hub. If they work loose, your money back. 
Don’t buy wheels nor wagon until you read our 
book. It may save you many dollars and it’s free. 
ELECTRIC WHEEL CO., 
Box 88 Quinoy, Ills 
WE LEAD THE WORLD 
We are the largest manufac¬ 
turers of Grooved and Plain 
Tire Steel Farm Wagon 
Wheels in America. We 
guarantee our patent 
Grooved Tire Wheels to 
be the best made by anybody 
anywhere. Write us. 
HAVANA METAL WHEEL CO. 
BOX 17 HAVANA, ILL. 
Fertilizer! Sower 
Handles All 
Commercial 
Fertilizers 
wet or dry, 
coarse or fine. 
Positive feed, n» 
choking, no 
skips. 
For 
Broadcast 
ToD-dres- 
•Ing or Drilling 
In Rows. 
Spreads to 
width of 6 ft. 
10 inches, 200 
to 4000 lbs. 
per acre. 
LOW AND EASY TO LOAD. 
Broad tires, no rutting. Quick changes from drill¬ 
ing to broadcasting, also for thick and thin spread¬ 
ing. Furnished with shafts or tongue. Write for 
descriptive circulars and testimonials. 
Spools! Largo Size, Sows • Foot 3 Inches Wldo. 
Belcher 8 Taylor A. T. Co., 
7 S Chicopee Falls, Mass. 
Can sow more grain 
with a Gaboon hand 
broadcast seed sower 
than six men can sow by 
hand. 5 acres per hour is a 
i fair average for the Cahoon, 
and the seed is distributed 
evenly, with a great saving I 
of time. 
I The Cahoon Hand 
Seed Sower 
is a practical machine for any size farm- 
It increases the farmers profit both ways, 
in better crops raised, and 
time and seed saved. Write , 
for new book “Sowing for 
Results” and 50th anniver- ( 
sary Souvenir. 
GoodellCo. 14 Main St.,Aatrlni.lt.H. 4 
0KKT'; 
TjlOR EVERY good composition roof- 
ing on the market you will find a 
dozen inferior imitations. Therefore, 
don’t be fooled by “cheap talk. ” Inves¬ 
tigate ! Intelligent farmers who care¬ 
fully look into this matter; who study 
the construction of the various roofing 
materials advertised, invariably choose 
COVERED WITH 
CAREYS ROOFING, DAIRY BARNS OF 
LAWRENCE REYMOND. WHEELING, W.VA. 
Carey’s "sRo ofi n g 
Because, Carey’s Roofing is absolutely proof against heat or cold, moisture, 
falling sparks or fire brands; is easily applied winter or summer; is equally adapted to 
flat or steep surfaces—and may be laid over leaky shingle or metal roofs without the 
expense of removal; is fire-resisting; makes the neatest roof and lasts without patching 
as long as the building stands. Everywhere Carey’s is known as the ‘ ‘Time-Proof Roof,” 
Carev’s Roofing is composed of best all wool felt (our own manufacture), our highly tem¬ 
pered Asphalt Compound, strong burlap, and our fire-proof cement. No other roofing has 
the feature of Carey’s Patent Dap, which covers and protects nail heads, insuring a neat, 
smooth, absolutely water-proof union of sheet to sheet and 
roofing to roof-board. Carey Roofs never blow off. 
Carey’s Roofing is sold from convenient shipping 
points located all over the United States and Canada, 
insuring you the very lowest freight rates. 
Write to-day for FREE sample, beautiful 
booklet and testimonials from responsible 
persons using this wonderful roofing. 
THE PHILIP CAREY MFG. CO. (Est. 1873) 
Sole Manufacturer 
42 Wayne Avenue, - - Cincinnati, O. 
