i»or. 
Hope farm Notes 
Dependent Sections. —At Moberly, Mo., 
a man handed me a little book containing 
the best advertisement for a town I have 
ever seen. "Come to Missouri” was the 
invitation and then followed this state¬ 
ment : 
The State that can live without the help 
of any oilier State; that could find for her 
people sustenance enough inside her borders 
and get along very comfortably without any 
help from the outside world whatever. 
I never heard that claim made for any 
other single State. Michigan or Ohio 
could come close to it, but I am inclined to 
think that Missouri really has a combina¬ 
tion of soils, coal, metals, timber and 
power (not to mention people) that 
would enable her people in time to live 
by themselves. For some years they 
would have to go scantily clad and get 
back to pioneer times, yet if forced to it 
they qould in time feed and clothe them¬ 
selves. As it is they are content to help 
feed the rest of the world and let others 
clothe and provide for them. At Hanni¬ 
bal I looked about and found that a large 
proportion of the clothing came from New 
York State. The furniture in large part 
came from Michigan, and nearly all the 
household furnishings and similar goods 
came from the Eastern States. On the 
ride from Hannibal to Moberly I counted 
•10 grain binders and similar implements 
out in the weather with no shelter at all, 
and often in the field where they were 
last used. After 40 I gave up the count. 
At Paris, Mo., I saw' several freight cars 
filled with old rusty parts of such expen¬ 
sive machinery going back as “old iron.” 
I saw the same thing though on a smaller 
scale in going through New York and 
Pennsylvania. The West can afford to 
pay this toll better than we can. It is 
well enough to say what Missouri or Iowa 
could do—any eastern man with half an 
eye can see it—but they are falling far 
short of this state of industrial independ¬ 
ence. In pricing clothing, shoes.and simi¬ 
lar things in small western towns I found 
the average 40 to 50 per cent above what 
we must pay. At Omaha a butcher of¬ 
fered me beefsteak at 12 cents a pound 
for which I must pay at least 23 as sold 
from our butcher’s wagon. Two years ago 
I bought a ton of baled hay which cost 
me delivered at the farm $19.75. As near¬ 
ly as I could find out a western farmer 
got $5.80 for this hay. In Iowa I was 
told that this farmer probably got '80 
cents more than the average price. While 
corn was selling in Iowa at 31 cents a 
bushel eastern people were paying 60 to 
65 cents. The western farmer wonders 
how our eastern people can afford to pay 
such prices. Our folks wonder how the 
western farmers can ever make a living 
selling at 30 cents. 1 noticed in a dairy 
paper at Des Moines a statement which 
seemed to be a permanent fixture. “A 
bushel of corn brings 31 cents cash, but 
its feeding value is 60 cents!” We know 
that is true, because our farmers can 
pay the 60 cents in cash and then make 
more profit in feeding it than the western 
man could at the same price! The 
frightful cost of reaching the man who 
finally uses what the western farmer pro¬ 
duces has more to do with American his¬ 
tory than most of us imagine. When I 
pay $19.75 for a ton of hay, and the man 
who hauls the hay to the railroad gets 
only $5.80, we realize that people who 
stand between us get $13.95 for carrying 
and handling the hay. These handlers 
who had nothing to do with producing the 
hay get more than twice as much out of 
it as the farmer who took all the risk and 
paid all the cost of production! Talk 
about the people of Missouri or Iowa be¬ 
ing independent of the rest of the world 
—they are both feeding the world and 
providing the money for others to do 
business. I think it can be demonstrated 
that a very large proportion of the money 
which western farmers are paying to rail¬ 
roads and handlers is spent at the East, 
and remains there. Thus the western 
farms may be said to support the rail¬ 
roads, and at the same time keep up many 
of the great manufacturing towns at. the 
East—thus providing markets which en¬ 
able our eastern farmers to more than 
hold their own. I confess that I cannot 
understand why these western farmers 
have been so patient in the face of these 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
133 
remarkable things. They are paying more 
to deliver their produce than it brings 
them in the first place. Then this cost 
is distributed so that the financial and 
manufacturing cities near the sea coast 
obtains the greatest benefit, and these 
farmers support a policy of government 
which makes them pay an extra price for 
the goods they buy! Years ago in Col¬ 
orado I went to a store to buy an old- 
fashioned watch key. I could buy one 
for two cents in Boston, but here they 
charged me 25! When I complained the 
answer was: 
“You know freight rates are very 
high!” 
Imagine the freight on a watch key! 
This awful price to the middleman can¬ 
not last forever. The soil of the West 
has been so rich and strong that farmers 
have been able to “feed them all” thus far, 
but with the failure of the soil to re¬ 
spond will come the greatest industrial 
and political changes the West has yet 
known! 
Paper Pots.— We are making a number 
of those paper pots described by P. B. 
Crosby some time ago. The strips of 
paper are folded around a square block 
and fastened at the bottom with a tack. 
\V hat good are they? Mr. Crosby writes 
me this note about them; 
A few years ago I bought 500 tomato 
plants in clay pots, and a neighbor seeing 
me taking them home said that I would 
make more money on those 500 plants than 
I would on all the rest of my late plants. 
Well. I did. and the next year I thought I 
would set out 10.000. Buying plants In 
pots or buying clay pots was - ' out of the 
question on account of cost, so the paper 
pots were used as a substitute. The ten 
thousand plants were set out May 10 and 11 
and on the morning of the 12 th there was 
a slight frost. But as those plants had 
not been checked by having their roots torn 
not a plant was hurt. For very early toma¬ 
toes (here in Maryland) the seed is sown 
February 14 in a hotbed. As soon as the 
third leaf appears the plants are transplanted 
about two inches apart into another hotbed 
and put into four-inch pots about the middle 
or the last of March, and about May 10 are 
put into the open ground. From these plants 
I begin picking fruit about July 4 . which 
sells from one dollar to a dollar and a half 
a basket, of about three-quarters of a 
peck. From three to four weeks before the 
regular time of planting is enough for Lima 
beans. if they get much higher than six 
inches they begin to climb around each other, 
and the tender tips are apt to get broken 
in untwining them. We only have about five 
hundred hills of Lima beans. By having 
them i,n pots we get about three' pickings 
ahead of the field-planted, for which we gen¬ 
erally average 20 cents a quart against 12 
cents for the field planted. Wo figure that 
those three first plantings are clear profit, 
as the vines are always bearing until frost. 
This year we mean to try the bush Limas 
in pots and see if we cannot do even still 
better. Last year we got ten cents a dozen 
-or our first picking of Neapolitan peppers, 
which was also profit, as the peppers bear 
until frost. The pots are used in hotbeds. 
Put about two inches of earth on the manure, 
and lay old boards on the earth, and put 
the pots on the boards; If set directly on 
the earth the bottoms of these pots' will 
rot out. In planting out in the field open 
a furrow with a small plow and if you have 
many plants load them on a stone boat, and 
start a steady horse down the row; a quick 
boy riding can “hand them out" as the horse 
walks along. If you have only a few hundred 
use a wheelbarrow, strawberry carrier or 
the children's toy wagon, then come along 
behind, tear off the bottom of the pot, press 
firmly into the bottom of the furrow, draw 
the earth around the pot and the job is done. 
To my mind those men out West with 20 
feet of good rich soil are going to raise 
most of our grains and meats, and those 
of us who can, would better grow those 
things in which the range of competition is 
not so great, and early vegetables seem to 
be a pretty good field. p. n. crosby. 
That last is a sensible notion. In our 
case we have not tried much early garden¬ 
ing as our soil is cold. We may try it 
this year! h. vv. c. 
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For this 
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Cut dhows the Genuine Kdinon 
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We can sell you a genuine Edison Gem 
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Write for Free Guide to 
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MUSICAL ECHO CO., 
Edison Distributors, Dept. No. 26, 
1215 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia. 
No. 80 Pivot Wheel 
Riding Cultivator 
Specially adapted for potato culture. Suc¬ 
cessfully operated on both level and hilly land 
and all kinds of soil. Easy to guide, easy to 
turn in very small space. 
Quickly adjusted to cultivate any crops in 
n rows of any width —28 to 48 inches. 
. Diir»er n ?ml i™” A8: , e ® ook shows and describes Potato Planter, Sprayers i 
^Jigger, and other Farm and Garden Implements. Write for it-free ‘ 
Bateman Mfg. Co., Box 102, Grenloch, N. J. 
MONEY LOST IN JOLTS 
fruit and produce—are injured 
Can you estimate how much your wagon—and loads of stock, 
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nni,t H f AK f E r BOLSTER SPRINGS are made of the finest spring steel, tempered to the 
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workmanship, a Harvey Spring does not give satisfaction, at any time—one year or ten years— 
we will make it good without a word of argument. y 
Free Trial of Harvey Bolster Spring 
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3 Popular BUCKEYE Cultivators 
Buckeye Pivot Axle Disc Cultivator 
Here is a trio of Buckeye Cultivators that 
have met with remarkable sale. Like all 
Buckeye farm tools there is a good reason 
for their widespread popularity. They 
do the work. They are durable. That’s 
the reasons in a nutshell. Here we show 
our Buckeye Pivot Axle Disc Riding 
Cultivator largely used in pea, cotton 
and foul ground cultivation. It has high 
adjustable arch mounted on 48 inch steel 
wheels, double tongue, spring pressure, 
wheel guide, drop hitch. Adjustable 14 
inch discs, each set turns on pivot to 
throw dirt to or from the row. Can be 
adjusted without use of wrench, also 
tilted to any angle for ridged corn or 
cotton. It is a cultivator you should see. 
Ask the Buckeye Man to show it to you. 
If there is no Buckeye dealer in your lo- 
cality write to us for our catalog and we 
will give you name of our nearest agent. 
The Easy Riding Buckeye Cuitivaior The Buckeye Pivot Axle Cultivator 
Here is a cultivator that will commend itself 
to the farmer who is looking for an easy rid¬ 
ing machine combined with a practical satis¬ 
faction-giving tool. It is not only easy in rid¬ 
ing, but easy to operate. Its construction is 
of steel thus making it unusually durable. 
Has 42 inch steel wheels; 34 inch high arch; 
adjustable seat forlenght and heigth; running 
ratchet for lifting levers; adjustable arch 
for wide and narrow rows: made in 4, 6 and8 
spring or pm shovels; the two outside beams 
This is one of the most popular riding culti¬ 
vators we manufacture, and is especially 
adapted to crooked rows and hill side culti¬ 
vation. The pressure of the foot on foot- 
levers turn the wheels and move the beams 
at the same time, thus shifting the entire cul¬ 
tivator instantly and in the desired direction. 
The space between the beams can be quickly 
changed while the machine is in motion by 
special spacing lever. Frame is of square 
steel tubing which insures strength and dur¬ 
ability. Has 42 inch steel or wood wheels; 
34 inch high arch, adjustable; direct drop 
hitch: spring pressure; adjustable seat for 
length and height—removing all neck weight. 
It is a cultivator that will give satisfaction in 
nearly every locality.Ask the Buckeye Man 
about this popular cultivator. Repairs are 
reduced to a minimum in Buckeye Cultiva¬ 
tors because they are all steel construction, 
except the tongue. 
are not movable sidewise, but the two inside 
beams are independent and can be guided by 
the operator with ease. It has direct drop 
hitch connected with shovel beams making a 
cultivator that many farmers have been 
looking for, and one that gives universal sat¬ 
isfaction. Ask the Buckeye Man to show 
this cultivator the next time you are in town 
or write to us for catalog. 
P. P. MAST & CO., Dept. B3, Springfield, Ohio 
4 
