100?. 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
i5i 
THE SPRAYING PROBLEM . 
Spraying Gardens and Small Orchards 
I. L. F., Baltimore, Md .—I have a small 
apple orchard, 42 trees, eight years' growth, 
infested with Oyster shell scale. I am at 
loss what kind of spray pump to buy. I 
have been told only power sprayers give sat¬ 
isfaction. The cost of power sprayer would 
he too great for so small an orchard. 
Ans. —Spraying operations in gardens, 
small yards, etc., are troublesome be¬ 
cause of limited amount of material need¬ 
ed, amount to be sprayed does not war¬ 
rant an expensive outfit, and confined 
space does not often admit ot rig mounted 
on wagon or cart. For the number of 
trees, size, etc., considered, I would think 
it a waste of money to buy a power 
sprayer. A cask with good band pump 
attached in one horse lumber wagon or 
on stone boat, sufficient hose exten¬ 
sion pipes, nozzles land shut-off, will 
furnish a good outfit, but will need two 
men or man and boy to operate. These 
trees could be sprayed for a few years 
with a knapsack sprayer, but it would be 
a back-aching job. The Oyster-shell 
scale passes the Winter in the egg stage, 
the shells of the old scale being often 
filled with the small minute white eggs. 
These eggs hatch in Spring three to five 
weeks after apple blossoms appear; the 
young are small white lice, can be seen 
with naked eye, but almost microscopic 
in size, and all hatch within two or three 
days. Lime-sulphur is only a partial rem¬ 
edy acting in a deterrent way, the young 
being killed when they settle on lime- 
sulplnir coated bark in early Spring. If 
sprayed a few days after hatching before 
they have become fixed for longer than 
a week a solution of whale oil soap, one 
pound to eight or 10 gallons water, or a 
kerosene emulsion containing five to 
eight per cent kerosene, or common laun¬ 
dry soap one pound to five gallons of 
water. The last remedy not quite as 
good as whale oil soap, but has the 
advantage of being always at hand. The 
person with only a few small trees, cur¬ 
rant bushes and garden struck to spray 
will often find one of the little compressed 
air sprayers with a short hose spray-rod, 
shut-off and nozzle quite effective; the 
spray-rod bent at the end so as to spray 
sideways enables one to spray underneath 
and around small trees or shrubs with 
ease. These compressed air sprayers 
are small, solidly built of metal, with 
opening closing with airtight cap in which 
the spray material is inserted and a smail 
air pump on side similar to bicycle pump. 
The can is filled two-thirds full of spray 
material, airtight cap screwed down 
and air pump used until you have suffi¬ 
cient pressure to spray out part of the 
material; when air pressure goes down 
use the air pump to renew. Knapsack 
sprayers are and have been used on many 
small places and even in commercial or¬ 
chards and vineyards of some size with 
some success. Copper sprayers are dur¬ 
able for copper fungicides, oil emul¬ 
sions, and soap solutions, but will not 
stand the lime-sulphur wash. If that 
wash is to be used in a knapsack sprayer 
the tank should be made of galvanized 
iron. 
The hand bucket pump, four feet of 
hose and a short spray rod with a good 
nozzle and a large tobacco pail of spray 
material is a good outfit for spraying 
small trees and shrubs and also easily 
moved about and stored. I would use a 
brass pump with small air chamber if pos¬ 
sible, so as to get continuous steady 
spray. I have sprayed trees 10 and 12 
feet high with lime-sulphur, using a pump 
of this kind, and while not the most pleas¬ 
ant spray rig to handle results were sat¬ 
isfactory. One of the most handy spray 
rigs for the small place is a small tank 
or barrel mounted on wheels of good 
size, and equipped with a good long 
length of hose, two or three different 
length spray rods to be used under dif¬ 
ferent conditions, and suitable nozzles. It 
may be necessary to use a ladder in reach¬ 
ing the larger trees, but this rig will do 
as effective work as a power sprayer 
only on a smaller scale. It takes two 
to operate, however, and would suggest 
that two or three owners of small ad¬ 
joining farms might co-operate on an 
outfit of this kind. 
For small gardens a good grade of 
arsenate of lead is one of the best poison 
sprays; it can be used very strong with¬ 
out burning foliage, and also has the 
advantage of not washing off as readily 
as Paris-green. Sulphate of copper and 
lime for the Bordeaux are also needful; 
whale-oil soap handy for plant lice, scale, 
insects, etc. 
A word about spray rods and hose. 
Brass spray rods are satisfactory, but ex¬ 
pensive, brass covered with bamboo 
works fine as an extension rod, but 
as. a rule will not last very long 
with lime-sulphur work, and if not care¬ 
fully drained out nights a light frost will 
crack and ruin it. I have found one- 
quarter inch gas pipe of desired length 
equipped with a good shut-off and three- 
eighths inch hose, a good practical com¬ 
bination. If more than three fine Ver- 
morel type or more than one large Ver- 
morel type nozzle be used on a single 
rod, the rod and hose should be three- 
eighths and one-half inch respectively. 
B. d. v. B. 
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THE 
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Catalogue, 32 pages, 
showing Ornamental 
Fences. Gates, Arches 
Vines, Trellis, I,awn 
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The Cyclone Woven Wire Fence Co., Cleveland, Ohio. 
1-1 
The Frost Wire! 
Fence neyer gets I 
loose or baggy. You| 
can buy the 
FROST WIRE FENCE! 
made of heavy, hard steel wire,| 
clamped with the Frost Steel Lock,| 
for what a light woven wire fence costs. 
Booklet free. VVe pay freight. 
THE FROST WIRE FENCE C0„ Cleveuso. Ohio. I 
11. B. DRAKE * Co., 29 Broadway, New York. 
Doing a W eek's W ashing 
In 6 Minutes—Read the Proof 
T HIS woman is using a 1900 Gravity Washer. 
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PURE Unleached HARDWOOD ASHES 
NATURE’S PLANT POOD. 
The best Fertilizer to Build up the Land. You get 
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JOHN JOYNT, Lucknow, Ontario, Canada. 
CONCRETE BLOCKS 
Make your ownonthe Succaas Hollow 
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DEPT. A-36 CENTERVILLE, IOWA. 
FENCE j VESS2 
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COILED SPRING FENCE CO. 
Box ‘>63. WINCHESTER, INDIANA 
PAGE 
iPoultry Fence 
. Strongest, best on the 
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Costs less erected than 
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posts— one every 50 feet. 
_ “ You can't afford to buy 
_ " poultry fence without In- 
- _ vestigating Page. Write 
~ for descriptions. 
PajeWoven Wire Fence Co. 
Box 76, Adrian. Mich. 
saMPLE 
J*, Every wire— 
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e mafl free sample l 
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I5 T0 35CT3. 
PER ROD 
DELIVERED. 
OHNSTON 
Steel 
Tedder 
Haying time is a time of hurry and hustle. Every 
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THE JOHNSTON HARVESTER GO.. 
Box 31, 
Batavia, N. Y. 
DON’T BUY GASOLINE ENGINES 
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engine. Sand yob Catalogue THE TEMPLE PUMP CO.. Mfru.. Meagher and 15th Sts.. Chicago. THIS 18 OUR FIFTY-THwb YEAR. 
