THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
March a, 
180 
START now , 
and In threeorfour weeks, by study, xn 
lng at odd times, you will be qualified to x 
fill the position of Brakeman or Fireman, 
paying from *76.00 to $125.00 a month. 
Our course will not interfere with present work. 
Notice, we don't say ••maybe” you'll get a posi¬ 
tion, we don’t say we’ll “assist” or "help" you— 
We guarantee to place you in a good paying posi¬ 
tion, in line for rapid promotion, when you have 
completed the course. 
Send for our froe book, telling what we are and 
who we are and you will then clearly understand 
why we oiler young men greater opportunities than 
others, and why we can guarantee positions while 
Others only promise. 
We accept no applicants, we take no one’s money 
tor our course, who is not bodily and mentally qual- 
ihed to become a Brakeman or a Fireman, 
High officials ol this country’s greatest railroads 
are officers of our Association, and many others rec- 
omrnend us and co-operate with us because— 
Theaim of this Standard School is to supply the roads 
vo ”i en who have been P r «P ar <-’d for their duties. 
We have more applications lor our graduates than 
we can fill. ' 
Write For Particulars Now, stating age, weight 
and height. A few dollars and a tew hours’ study 
means a life of prosperity and pleasant work. 
UNITED RAILROAD ASSOCIATION, 
Dept. E. 102 Chambers St.. New York City.. 
Branch Offices: Chicago, 111., Denver, Colo.I 
Save $10 to $20 
IN BUYING FROM US AT 
SPINDLE SEAT Eft 
RUNABOUT, sKs QOliOU 
We manufacture high grade wagons to sell at factory 
cost. The quality is first-class, and each and every 
part is guaranteed. Buy a New York State carriage 
at the lowest price ever quoted on this grade of 
work. Semi postal for our Free Carriage Catalogue 
of over 70 different styles, with Wholesale Price List. 
THE ROCHESTER VEHICLE CO., 
362 Main St., Rochester, N.Y. 
GARDEN TOOLS OF ALL KINDS 
needed by the home or market gardener. A 
special tool for every purpose. 
MATTHEWS’ un.SI&al 
Hand Seeders and Cultivators 
for every condition of truck growing from 
drill ana hill seeding to last cultivation. 
Free Booklet on planting and cultivating 
the garden; gives ffjfff fffTTt The Easy Running 
A MBS PLOW CO., 64 Market St„ Boston, Maas. 
H arrow FREE 
H RETURN AT OUR EXPENSE _ 
IF IT DOESN’T PLEASE YOU. 
Here is a harrow that looks very 
different from the old spike or spring 
toothed harrow. 
It is different. Every point of dif¬ 
ference is a point of big improvement. 
It is as much better than the old 
fashioned harrow as a modern plow is 
better than the Indians’ crooked stick. 
The coulters or teeth of the “Acme’* work 
as a gang plow. They turn over the pulver¬ 
ized ground and give the crop all the soil’s 
benefit. Farmers will tell you that bigger 
crops grow after an Acme harrowing. 
FREE BOOK for your Farm Library. 
Write us today and we’ll send you free, a valuable 
booklet, ’’A Perfect Seed Bed.” It means money to you. 
DUANE H. NASH, 
Box 38> Millington, N. J. 
Wire Fonce 90c 
48-in. stock fence per rod only 
Best high carbon coiled steel spring wire. 
Catalog of fences, tools and supplies FREE, 
Buy direct at wholesale. Write todav. 
mason FENCE CO. Boa 07. Leesburg, 0> 
THE FAT TEST FOR CHEESE. 
In order to settle a dispute will you kindly 
answer the following proposition: A takes 
milk from his dairy to a cheese and butter 
factory combined; that is, sometimes making 
butter and sometimes cheese, and sometimes 
both, paying by the test of butter fat. lie 
receives monthly statements and check for 
the same. His statement from September 30 
to October 30, 190G, was in this form : 
Whole number of pounds of milk, 155,208 : 
butter made, 3,232; whole number pounds of 
cheese, 15,049; number of pounds of cheese 
to pounds of butter fat, 26; sold at .1192 
per 100; making and furnishing, $1.25; 
milk furnished by you, 4,502; test, 4.GO; 
amount due, $G9.52. 
A is unable from the figures given to make 
liis milk bring the amount of the check; as 
this Is an exact production of the statement 
he thinks the figures ,2G is meant for 2.G 
pounds of cheese to one pound of butter fat. 
If so he is at a loss to know how the 
operator figures It, and if he is treated honest- 
ly. B takes the milk from his cows to a 
cheese factory where they make nothing but 
cheese, and do not use the Babcock test as 
a basis of price given, hut pays by the 
hundred pounds of milk regardless of test. B 
maintains that a given quantity of milk will 
make so many pounds of cheese and just as 
good whether rich or poor if it will stand a 
test of three per cent; if above that he 
claims the surplus of butter fat is lost in the 
whey. A claims the richer the milk the better 
the cheese. Who is right, and who is treated 
the best at their different factories, or which 
factory is the best for the customer? A sur¬ 
mises his figures in the statement are manipu¬ 
lated. Can it be shown how they get the 
percentage. j. s. c. 
Moravia, N. Y. 
This statement is certainly very incom¬ 
plete. There should always be given a 
key from which one can figure, either the 
net value of 100 pounds of milk or a 
pound of butter fat. This statement gives 
neither one. I am not sure about the 
26, but would suppose it to mean the 
pounds cheese to pound fat, 2.6. I am 
unable to find any way accurately to fig¬ 
ure backward and get a key. The amount 
of money received or paid out is not 
given, neither is the total pounds fat nor 
the per cent fat, nor the cost of making a 
pound of butter. If the 2.6 is correct 
by dividing total pounds cheese 15,949 
by 2.6, we should have 6,134 total pounds 
fat. Now divide 6,134 by 155,208, total 
pounds milk, and we get 3.95, average per 
cent fat. We find also by multiplying 
502 pounds milk delivered by A by his 
per cent fat 4.6, we get 207.09 pounds fat. 
Now divide $69.52, his money received, 
by 207.09, and we have $.3357 net value 
of pound fat. Again multiply total 
pounds fat, 6,134 by .3357, we have 
$2,059. IS net money paid to patrons. The 
cheese sold for .1192 after deducting the 
cost of manufacture $1.25 per 100 pounds. 
There would remain .1067 net for a pound 
cheese. Multiplying again the total 
weight of cheese, 15,949, by .1067, we get 
$1,701.75. Deducting this from $2,059.18 
gives us $357.43 the net price for 3,232 
pounds of butter, or $.1105 per pound, 
not a very high net price for butter. 
Now, I think these figures are based 
upon a very slight presumption, viz., that 
2.6 represents the pounds cheese to a 
pound fat. The amount of butter made 
represents about a half skim, and I 
would not think a maker could get 2.6 
pounds cheese for a pound of fat after 
skimming so heavily. I have figured out 
these results rather to show how we can 
work out problems of this kind than to 
prove the statement right or wrong. I 
am, however, willing to say this much. 
That a creamery would do better to put 
out a simple statement of milk delivered 
by each patron, his test and amount of 
check, and leave balance blank, than to 
make out one like the above. In regard 
to the fat test being an accurate measure 
of the cheese-making value of milk, I 
can only say that our State Station at 
Geneva, the Wisconsin Station and many 
factories long ago determined that the 
fat test in milk up to 4.5 per cent fat was 
a. safe guide. Not that the fat in five or 
six per cent milk would be wasted in the 
whey, but because the casein in this very 
rich milk did not increase as fast as the 
fat. The pounds of full cream cheese to 
each pound of fat will vary ordinarily 
from 2.5 to 2.8, depending upon the purity 
of the milk and the per cent of moisture 
left by the maker in the cheese. 
H. E. COOK. 
CAPACITY OF 
CREAM SEPARATORS 
Capacity is an important consideration in the purchase of a 
cream separator. It enters largely into the cost and value of 
the machine, and there is no way of properly gauging either 
without reference to it. 
A large capacity machine separates the same amount of milk 
in just so much less time. This saving of time means some¬ 
thing in dollars-and-cents every time the machine is used. It 
counts up in the course of a month or a year. Then the wear of 
the machine is just so much less and it lasts that much longer. 
Hut capacity must always be determined with CLEAN 
SKIMMING under PRACTICAL, EVERY-DAY USE CON¬ 
DITIONS,—with ordinary speed, milk cool as well as warm, 
cows as they come, and thick cream. Capacity means nothing 
if any of these conditions have to he sacrificed to obtain it. 
Thus capacity marks one of the BIG DIFFERENCES 
between the “ALPHA-DISC” DE LAVAL and other cream 
separators. The DE LAVAL machines fully meet these 
conditions. All other machines either lack the capacity 
“claimed” for them or can only reach it through the sacrifice 
of one or other of the important considerations named. 
A DE LAVAL catalogue makes plain the reasons for this 
difference and is to be had for the asking. 
The De Laval Separator Co. 
Randolph & Canal Streets 
CHICAGO 
1213 & 1215 Filbert Street 
PHILADELPHIA 
Drumm & Sacramento Sts. 
SAN FRANCISCO 
General Cilices: 
74 Cortlandt St. 
NEW YORK. 
173-177 William Street 
MONTREAL 
14 & 16 Princess Street 
WINNIPEG 
107 First Street 
PORTLAND,OREG. 
SAMPLE 
A -. Every wire— 
. U panffft, j 
free sample i 
_._ _, stock-resist- I 
I ing, time-defying fence was never stapled to posts We J 
I pay freight on 40 rods. Write for book snowing 133 styles. | 
I Th e BROWN FENCE & WIR E CO.. Cleveland, O J 
I5 To 35cts: 
PER ROD 
DELIVERED. 
Sa 
bWK- 
r 
© o 
C CD 
(D I 
| WAN POST HOLE & 
UTAH WELLAUGERi 
for fence and telephone post holes, 
wells, etc. Used by U.8. Government. 
Three times the work accomplished 
with an I wan Auger than with any other 
auger or digger. Makes hole smoothly, | 
“■ 9 uic kiy, empties easily and is very ' 
I durable. Sizes 3 to 14 inch. Inquire of 
hardware or implement dealer. Send / 
for our book Easy Digging. It’s free 1 
. I WAN BHOS., . 
PHdw. Mfrs.,Dept. 4 Streator, Ill.f 
THE TOWNSEND 
WIRE STRETCHER 
Is the most easily attached or detached 
of any implement made. Stretches to 
last post as well as to any. Steel grips 
that never slip. Can begot at any Hard¬ 
ware store. Write for circulars. Satisfac¬ 
tion guaranteed. 
F. R. TOWNSEND, Painted Post, N. Y. 
THE 
CYCLONE 
Catalogue, 32 pages, 
SliowingOrnainental 
Fences Gates,Arches 
Vines, Trellis, Lawn 
Border, etc., will in¬ 
terest you. Write for it today. Address 
The Cyclone Woven Wire Fence Co., Cleveland, Ohio. 
Farm and 
_ Ornamental 
Handsome, easy to build, always 
stands erect. Ask for Fence Book D. 
ANCHOR FENCE A MFC. CO. 
Cleveland, Ohio, f 
nchor Fence 
Combines strength and 
beauty with long life. 
Large hard steel wires. 
Heavily galvanized. 
ROSSMAN LAWN FENCE 
(STEEL AND IRON) 
combines the strength of a stone W’all 
with the beauty of a hedge. More durable 
than wrought iron and erected at med¬ 
ium cost. Ask for Catalog I. Write today. 
SLEET If, BKOOK Sc SEAMAN CO., 
253 liroadwajr New York City 
FENCE Made?-** 
Made of High Carbon colled wire. We 
have no agents. Sell direct to user at 
factory pricea on 30 days free trial. 
We pay all freight. Catalog shows 37 
styles and heights of farm and poultry 
fence. It’a free. Buy direct. Write today 
COILED SPRING FENCE CO. 
Box 263. WINCHESTER, INDIANA 
MANLOVE SELF OPENING GATE. 
ALWAYS IN ORDER 
This gate can be placed at any driveway entrance, 
attached to ordinary posts and soon pays for itself in 
time saved, It is opened or closed without assistance 
or stopping. Having full control of reins and team, 
accidents are avoided. 
The machinery is all above ground and so simple 
that it never gets out of order. 
It adds to tne beauty, value, safety and convenience 
of any home. Write for our booklet. 
ManloveGate Co., 272 E. Huron St., Chicago, Ill. 
SUPERIOR 
WIRE 
FENCE 
Don't bnild^ 
another rod 
of fence until 
you get our free 
catalog. We make 114 different styles 
of fence, and standard sizes of gates. 
We use the Superior Lock—the strongest 
neatest and cheapest lock made. Freight 
prepaid. The Superior Fence Co.. Cleyeland.O.’ 1 
No More Hand Pumping 
No coal.- No steam. No oil. No packing or labor, 
No Cost for Motive Power 
NIAGARA AUTOMATIC PUMP 
(Hydraulic Kam) 
works night and day on any brook, 
creek, riverorrunnlngwater. 
Used and endorsed by Gov¬ 
ernments, railroads and 
public institutions, farmers, 
owners of factories, country 
homes and mines. Write 
day for free booklet. 
Niagara Hydraulic Engine Co. 
140 NASSAU STKEEET, NEW YORK. Factoky; Chester, Pa. 
DIG and CLEAN 
No cutting or math 
Ing. THE HOOVER 
gets all 
POTATOES 
digging expense. 
Faster, cleaner, easier work. Catalog free. 
THE HOOVER PROUT CO., Lock Box 56, AVERT, OHIO. 
