208 
TIIE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
March 9. 
NEW YORK NORMAL COLLEGE. 
The alumni of the New York State Normal 
College of Albany held their annual dinner 
In New York city recently. This Is the 
oldest of the State Normal schools. It was 
organized to prepare teachers for the com¬ 
mon schools of the State. The course Wus 
then two years. Instruction In Hie Subject 
matter of the commo’ii English branches ns 
well as In (Ik* method of teaching them was 
thorough nnd practical. Its curriculum also 
Included brief courses In academic subjects. 
’■The school attracted young teachers from all 
parts of the State, who discovered the neces¬ 
sity for better preparation jp their brief ex 
perlence ns teachers In the country schools. 
The Slate provides books nnd free tuition. 
The students provide their own living ex¬ 
penses. This usually represented the savings 
from previous teaching or other work. The 
two-yenr course was attractive to these self- 
supporting young men and women. Kami 
children benefited by their preparation be¬ 
cause they went back to the country and 
taught In the common schools. 
Ur. Milne, the president: of the school 
spoke nt Hie recent meeting. When lie as 
sumed charge of the school 17 years ago, tin 
neighboring common schools were monopolized 
by graduates of this school. lie seemed to 
feel some pride In the fact that this Is so no 
longer. lie changed the title from school to 
college, and made the course four years, 
lie cut out the work In the common branches 
the three It's and prepared Ills students 
for hlgh-school work. In this change lie 
manifests considerable pride. It should be 
remembered Hint 05 out of every 10u children 
who attend the public Schools of the Stale 
never renoh the high schools. These tl." go 
to work when the more fortunate live enter 
the advanced schools. No doubt Ur. Milne 
Is doing excellent work, lie Is helping teach¬ 
ers who .can afford a four years* course to 
prepare themselves for good positions, lie 
Is at: best helping Hint five per cent of the 
children of the State who can afford to at¬ 
tend high schools to enjoy the advantages of 
trained teachers. In other words, he Is help¬ 
ing those who are abundantly able to help 
themselves. Present lendency is too much 
In this direction. The work In city and vil¬ 
lage schools provided with a high school 
course Is laid out for the benefit of that live 
per cent who art! able to go on nnd take the 
advanced work. This, together with the fads 
and frills that have been Introduced In re¬ 
cent years, gives little time for study nnd 
drill In the common branches. As a result 
ive have children leaving school at the ages 
of IB nnd 10 years who are unable to write 
an Intelligent letter or compute simple Inter¬ 
est on n time note, 'fills defect Is accounted 
for In the fact that these teachers while j 
trained In the higher branches of learning 
were themselves deficient In the subject as 
well ns the method of Instructions In the 
common branches. They know psychology 
and the theory nnd history of education 
but they do not know practical arithmetic 
and American history. They do not know 
how to tench commercial geography nnd Eng¬ 
lish grammar. The new department of Hu 
Albany college may not lie responsible for 
all Ibis, but It certainly seems to lend on 
couragcment to tin* system. No one wants to 
discourage the higher education. The State 
however. Is more concerned In the develop 
mont of Intelligence among the common peo¬ 
ple, and the school Hint abandons Its serv- 
lee to them In favor of (he less numerous 
i l more favored cjnss Is not Inspired by 
the highest Ideals of service to (lie Stale. 
Canarian Tomato Giiowino. —On page 84 
G. \V. 8., Newtonvllle, O., gives some tomato 
growing experience. In comparison to condi¬ 
tions here he apparently has little success. 
Our present price of 25 cents per (10 pounds 
Is not considered enough by the growers 
Last Winter we had an agitation In favor 
of fiO cents per bushel and although It: was 
not openly paid by Hie ennners, many of the 
local growers would not contrnct for less nnd 
the dinners were forced to seek new fields to 
get the required amount, nnd since they 
furnish crates and pay freight besides other 
incidental expenses, apparently their toma¬ 
toes must cost: fully 30 cents and possibly 
more; 250 bushels per acre Is a fair three- 
year average wllh us, and good growers have 
Increased Ibis to .'{.‘.0 and 400, while 500 
per acre or belter Is some years obtained. In 
the flush of the season a good picker can 
gather from 40 to 80 bushels per day. We 
find Hint ft rich soli, preferably a young 
Hotver so«d enriched after plowing with 
a good potato fertilizer one of the best for 
tomatoes: also continuous cultivation Is nec¬ 
essary. Perhaps the grower further south 
does not: have so much trouble nnd expense 
to produce tomatoes ns here. Wo must starl 
and replant under glass, planting In Hie field 
May 20, until first week In June. I noticed 
on the Delaware Peninsula that much of 
this Is dispensed wllh, also that Crimson 
clover was sown In the Kali, a decided ad¬ 
vantage to the following crop. However, this 
district seems especially adapted to tomato 
culture, and I have nowhere seen better 
yields of first elnss fruit. n, s, 
St. Catharines, Ont., Can, 
Buy a 
N.Y. State Wagon 
Direct from Factory 
Wo inanufucturo high-grade wagons to sell at 
factory cost. Tho quality Is first-class, each ami 
every part Is fully guaranteed, unit the prices are 
tho lowest ever quoted on this grade of work. 
Send postal for our PftKK CAItKIAUK Cata¬ 
logue of over 70 different stylos, with WHOLE- 
SALK PRICK LINT. 
ROCHESTER VEHICLE CO. 
362 Main Street, , Rochester, N. Y. 
Waterloo Vapor Cooled 
GASOLINE ENGINES 
The only horizontal vapor cooled gasoline 
engine In the world. Absolutely frost 
proof and cannot freeze 
Patontsd May 18, lOOO 
Our 
The King of all gasoline engines. 
I catalogues will tell you all about it. 
Send to-day. 
|Waterloo Gasoline Engine Co. 
1106 Park Avc. West, Waterloo, Iowa. 
NONES 
Our engines arc more 
durable than others because 
we use a special, tough “gas 
engine” iron, after a German 
formula. 
They are economical to operate 
because repairs cost practically no¬ 
thing; all are tested for power and 
adjustment—you take no risk, be¬ 
cause we guarantee their successful 
operation. 
Send for Type A catalogue (2 to 
IS h.p.) ; tell us your requirements 
and we will assist you in figuring 
out what you need. 
OLDS GAS POWER CO. 
808 Chestnut SC, Lansing, Mloh. 
dill. tin. Enjrtnn Workai ItliiKlinuiton, 
" New yoiik. 
A BIG CARDEN . 
The year of IlKie wuh one of prodigal nlerit y on onrJ 
need I arms. Never before did vege¬ 
table and faun HccdH relurn such 
enormous yields. 
Now wo wish to gain 200,000 new 
Customers this yearwnd henceotter 
for 120 postpaid 
I pkg. (Jurd-n City Ilncl - - lOo 
I •* I'nrlli-at Klpn Cuhlmgn . lOn 
1 ** I itrlT I meruit! Cun mu her I f»© 
1 “ l.nCroaai- J>!nrk«t J.i-tl uo« lf.e 
1 u IS Puy Jtudiah ... 
IT/ i “ (line lllooil Tomato . . Ike 
IL, jljtJ * ** •hdey Turnip .... J0e 
*■ ' 1000 li rnnla glurlou.ly tj.autl. 
lul (loner .ced. ..... |r.e 
Tout 11.00 
A 11 for 12e postpaid I n order to I ntro- 
dueo our warranted seeds, and I f you 
\vll! how! 10o wo will add jmckugn 
Ot Berliner burliest Cauliflower, to¬ 
gether with our mammoth plant, 
nursery stock, vegetable and farm 
Seed and tool catalog. 
This catalog Is mailed free to nil 
Intending purchasers. Write to-day. 
JOHN A. SALZERSEEDCO.. 
Lacrosse, Wla. 
rPM 
ji %° 
f‘ 5 
EONGtN 1 
There is nothing in Congo 
Roofing that will dissolve in 
water, nothing that will 
evaporate, nothing that will 
be affected by beat or cold, 11“^ 
nothing that will decompose. 
It is practically indest ructible 
by weather. It is built to en¬ 
dure hot weather, cold weather, Roofing. 
BUCHANAN-FOSTER COMPANY 
PHILADELPHIA 
1033 Monadnock Building, SAN FRANCISCO 
wet weather. It is a valu¬ 
able fire retardent. 
Test a Sample of it. We 
will send one on request. 
Try it by any experiment 
you please and you will 
understand the confidence 
with which we back up Congo 
Address 
CULTIVATION MAKES 
THE CROPS 
THE CULTIVATOR 
Does The Cultivating 
Our newest cultivator possesses every 
point of real merit possessed by any 
other cultivator and in addition has 
several remarkable exclusive features. 
i m ii 
THE KEYSTONE 
ii fcfnn>f is all steel and mal- 
III || wfl wfl leable iron. 3, 4 or 5 
M shovels may be used 
^7 m on either gang which 
moves in nnison with its wheel or may be operated 
independently. Gangs always run level—whether 
horses are large or small they are always the same. 
Beams widened and narrowed easily by center lever 
which gives parallel movement of gangs and shovels, 
BALANCE FRAME 
Its perfect balance takes away half the worry of cultivating. A boon to 
horses and a delight to owners. It is perfectly adapted for cultivating all 
crops grown in rows. Widened or narrowed for any width of row, from 
28 to 48 inches. Makes the change with shovels in the ground. A perfect 
hinge coupling and a strong and adjustable pivot enables the operator to 
liave a BALANCK FRAME and PIVOT AXLE CULTIVATOR COM¬ 
BI NhD. No other cultivator so perfe ctly adapted to work in crooked rows 
and dodging obstructions. Lever slii fts center tinder any weight so as to 
balance perfectly. No bearing down on horses’ necks and no Hying up of 
tongue at the end of row. F.ither gang or frame hitch. 
KEYSTONE FARM NIACHINE COMPANY, 
Faotory—1547 BeavorSt.,York, Pa., Transfer llouso—Now Waterford, Ohio 
Get Your Otder In Early 
For a Detroit Tongtnoless Disc Harrow 
Sold On Time —or For Cash 
ON 30 DA YS’ FREE TRIAL 
* East y(iar 1463 people waited too loner befbro ordering. Wo were all sold out—factory 
Ctroion t keep tip and we hud to disappoint these 1463 people by returning their orders. Just 
coult/n / make Disc Harrow*enough to go round—that's all. Why? 
Well, if you arc at all familiar with Disc Hjirrows, and will look at the picture in this advor- 
tiflernent, you will see some of the reason* why wo could not make enough to meet our demands. 
r»«t • . v* v v*vuiu iii/i niiino UUViiKU W iiltmi UU1 UulliullUa, 
J here is no tongue to pound up horses—whipping back and forth. No pushing or crowding of 
the team on corners. No tongue weight to gall np the horses’ necks. No one horse pushing— 
and one pulling, on turns -just btraight, even poUing ahead all the time. Perfect balance of 
rrauie make* Disc roll smoothly. Lightest draft Disc made. 
X heue are a /v?e of the reasons why we sold ?»> many Detroit Tongnel©** Disc Harrows last 
year. 1 lie re arc other reasons explained in our book—too many of them to give here. 
, Wow here aa big patent feature for 1907—an .additional feature over last year. 
OUR TRANSPORT TRUCK A TTACHMENT 
iV*? W ^ 0 ?^ 9 kack of the Di*C blades? You can attach them in a minute's 
* * o t "e Detroit IongueleHSijd*c liurrow and Discs are raised from the ground—elevated 
Oil light running front and hack trucks. 
I his puts your Disc on wheels and you can dHivo anywhere—over rough roads—sand—gravel 
*!“&■ VMM ***«s«m'ttruck „ 
Important. Now we have a l>ig factory, and 
» . - 7-- - V Hiivu u J IILIUI y, ill 'IU 
are running it to tlio very limit of its capacity, b ut 
Right now—’way in advance of tho aea- 
|on—half of our factory output for 
Spring is sold and a flood of order s 
arc coining every day. If you want ono— 
and you will it you get oui Book di sci i bluff fully O’Br 
various sizes and our direct-to-you fn||in K P | UQ 
(tune or cash) and prices quoted you direct froiu- 
ractory-to-station you should bend today for car 
Book, Rian and Price. 
Just write us on a postal—say 
Send me full particulars of 
Detroit Tongueleaa Dine 11 at rows 1 ' 
—and we'll Bond you our Book and 
Other printed matter and quote you 
a direct price, at your station. 
Freight guaranteed—on our Free 
Trial Plan. 
American Harrow Company, 
W. W. OollIcr.Oon'l. Mgr., 
1047 Ha at In pm St., 
Detroit, Mich. 
Kotos —Do not confine tho Detroit 
Tongucletft DImc Harrow with any 
other Dim Harrow made, of any kind. 
lt'» a patented Harrow of our own no 
one can dell you thin Harrow no 
dealer or agent anywhere. Y«<u 
buy It dire t from uh a% wcscll 
it ouly to farmer* direct. 
