1907. 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
209 
SOME FERTILIZER QUESTIONS. 
Bone Phosphate of Lime. 
11. Ij, Milford, Del .—'What In tIn* value of 
“bone phosphate of lime?” Bone meal Is glv(*n 
In analysis of 4(4 to 5(4 ammonia, 48 to 52 
bone phosphate of lime. I suppose the am¬ 
monia Is worth about 14 cents per pound. 
What Is the Iwme phosphate of lime worth 
per pound? 
Ans. —“Bone phosphate of lime” is the 
combination of lime.,and phosphoric acid 
which we find in hone. We could not hold 
the phosphoric acid alone—the lime holds 
it securely in a chemical combination. In 
100 pounds of “hone phosphate’* an aver¬ 
age of PI per cent will be phosphoric acid, 
so that when you arc guaranteed 48 to 52 
per cent, of the “phosphate” you can fig¬ 
ure 22 to 24 per cent, of actual phosphoric 
arid. Do not be deceived in supposing 
that nearly half the fertilizer L phosphoric 
acid, for only 4(5 per cent on the average 
of the “phosphate” is that element. “Am¬ 
monia” may be figured at 14 to 15 cents a 
pound, while the phosphoric acid is worth 
five cents. 
Use of Nitrate of Soda. 
W. .V. 7'., Sonoma, N. O.- -When and bow 
Is It best to apply ultra to of sihIii to gross 
nnd clover, and bow tnueb per acre? Is It 
better to run a drag harrow over the land 
after sowing or not? My land Is* swamp, 
underdralned In part : some llgbt, sandy 
or alluvial river bottom In fairly good heart; 
all will yield 25 to 40 bushels of corn per 
acre. 
Ans. —We use nitrate in the early 
Spring just as the grass is turning green. 
Broadcast it evenly. In order to do this 
well it is often a good plan to mix the 
nitrate evenly with several times its bulk 
of dry black soil. You need not harrow 
the nitrate in. Tt is nearly as soluble 
as salt or sugar, and will quickly melt 
and work down into the ground. About 
125 pounds per acre is a fair dressing. 
We seldom use it in clover. 
The Use of Lime. 
If. /■>'. iV., Intitcslde, da. -My soil Is a dark 
sandy loam with clay subsoil. My main 
crops are strawberries, corn and Irish pota¬ 
toes. On testing with blue litmus paper 1 
find the soli considerably acid. I can buy 
glone time at $8.50 per ton, and have in 
haul It eight miles. How much lime shall 
I use (o ihe acre? I foes lime, If used too 
freely, rob the soil of Its plant Paid by 
setting free the ammonia, anil does It have 
any effect, on Ihe potash nnd phosphoric acid 
contained In (lie soil? I have live acres of 
rye which I have been Intending to plow 
under Just before ll heads, and plant to 
potatoes, but as the soil Is already add 
am afraid the rye will sour it to such an 
extent as to Injure the crop. How and 
when Is ll best to apply the lime, before 
breaking, or drill It along tin* rows and 
cultivate In after the plants are up? 
Ans. —Lime is not specially necessary 
to either of tile crops named. Straw¬ 
berries do well on an acid soil, and so 
docs corn. An acid soil is considered 
better for potatoes, because the germ of 
fungus disease we call scab is less likely 
to develop where the ground is sour. We 
should use 1,(500 pounds or more of lime 
per acre with the corn crop. Broadcast 
it on the furrows and harrow it well 
into the ground. You need not fear 
loss of plant food from the use of the 
lime, ll will break up the organic matter 
in the soil and thus set free some am 
tnoiiia, but this will be held in the soil. 
Blowing under the rye before the soil 
becomes too warm will not make the 
ground too sour for potatoes. 
An Experiment with Cabbage. 
.V. S. Drool or, ll. O, -May 21, 1000, I 
sowed in garden two plots of cabbage (World 
Heater and Red Rock) both kinds In each 
plot, Soli sandy loam, said to be deficient In 
ellrate and lime. Moth [dots were well cul¬ 
tivated. Plot No. | unfertilized, plot No. 2 
heavily fertilized with horse stable manure; 
rather dry In July, but well watered August, 
September and October. Plot No. 1 cab¬ 
bage small and spindly; did not bead. Plot 
No. 2, large spreading plants, huge leaves, but 
no bead. What was lacking? 
Ans. '1‘his is the way wc read such an 
experiment. The natural soil lacks nitro¬ 
gen evidently. The addition of manure 
supplied nitrogen and gave a rank growth 
of leaf. The cabbage did not head, which 
indicates a lack of potash, and probably 
also of phosphoric acid. What the manure 
did was to supply an abundance of nitro¬ 
gen, but not enough of cither of the other 
elements. Use a good quantity of wood 
ashes with the manure and most likelv 
the cabbage will head. Where they can 
be obtained muriate of potash and acid 
phosphate will do the work. 
Fertilizer for Oats. 
f. O. If., BullvlUe, N. Y. -■What Is meant 
by 4-8-7 compound for potatoes, as I saw 
In a paper lately? About how much per 
acre? What Is a good commercial top-dress¬ 
ing for oats at the time of planting? Would 
not wood ashes be good for (bom? 
Ans. — It means a fertilizer containing 
four per cent, of nitrogen, eight of phos¬ 
phoric acid and seven of pota-sh. these 
elements of plant food are named in that 
order. Oats make a quick growth and are 
surface feeders. They need a good sup¬ 
ply of nitrogen. The wood ashes will give 
lime, potash and some phosphoric acid, 
but nitrogen will have to be supplied in 
some other material. You can use a good 
dressing of the ashes, and add 125 pounds 
of nitrate of soda per acre. 
Concrete Roof for Henhouse. 
W. It. II., Duri/ettavillc, W. Vn. —I dm go¬ 
ing to bhlld a henhouse, nnd would like to 
put n concrete roof on It. The roof will be 
10x2(1 feel and I would like your opinion as 
to whether ll would make a good roof. What 
Is the best way to pul It on, and how thick? 
I low much would II cost ? 
Ans. —From the best information wc 
can get Wc doubt if such a roof will prove 
successful. Tt would be likely to crack 
and leak, lias anyone made a success of 
a concrete roof? 
Killing White drubs. 
,7. /’. It., Firm hi fi ton, AT. I .—Last year 
grub worms damaged my potatoes. Whin 
can I do to prevent them from damaging my 
crop this year? Would ll be safe to sow 
kalnlt on the Held before planting, and would 
It do any good, sny 50(1 pounds to Ihe acre? 
Ans.—W c have no faith that the kainit 
will drive away the grubs. You would 
have to use enough to hurt the potato 
crop in order to hurt the white grubs. 
Wc would not plant potatoes in grubby 
soil, ball plowing seems to help—largely, 
we think, because the crows and other 
fowls get a better chance at the insects. 
Thorough surface cultivation in late Sum 
mer is the best way to destroy young 
grubs. 
Rimpairing a Cement Leak. —Tn an¬ 
swer to P. I'., Tecumseh, Mich., as to how 
to stop water from leaking into his boiler 
pit, there is but one way, which 1 have 
applied frequently with success in cellars, 
where such leaks occurred. Lay four-ply 
tar paper, the same as you would for a 
good roof, in hot tar and pitch, on the 
present cement floor, and let the tar 
paper on all four sides extend well over 
the water line, Use sufficient Jar and 
pitch and be sure nobody punches any 
holes in this water proofing, I hen put a 
good cement floor and coping over the tar 
paper, three inches thick, composed of 
one part of cement and two parts of grit 
or sharp washed sand. H. H. L. 
Brooklyn, N Y. 
FARM TELEPHONES 
Mmvu tliiilr rout In one your 
Do you I’umII/H tin* noil value oT lli« Rcliml 
Him* you upend (coin? to town or your 
neighbor* on erranda you could do on I ho 
|i|toiii*? You waul John to conn* to work 
for you tomorrow; you wmii to know If 
ainrtrhlliM purl liua arrived »il tin* Kxpr*'** 
Onion; you want tI m* DortoC for a nkk 
child, or thu Vuturlniiry lor a "Irk liormi, 
You m ay tin*ro I* no bdcphuiio nyntr-m? 
Tlu*l» you arc Jiiftt On* inuli w« want to 
•'omiNpoiol with. Wit ran allow you how 
lo mnko a hutidrtoiuo profit hy organizing 
a farm telephone lino and wo will toll 
you how to Organl/.o, how to hlilhl and 
how to 01 air Ate. Wrlto for our fro« hul¬ 
lo Mu 'JVJ8X. 
Amor I ran I'lorlrln Telephone Co., 
0-100 Htalo Hlioot, • Chlongo, III. 
SAVE MONEY 
ON HARNESS 
BUY DIRECT FROM FACTORY 
1 0<'t a hotter harries*, niado like 
you wtiui. It, and nave money. 
Made of boat oak-tanned, aelect- 
ed leather. Return at our ex- 
ponso, If not Hallafae- 
. orv, and get your 
i money. Onrfllna- 
t rat,oil catalog No. 
, !■’ with price Hat 
‘■will surprise you. 
"roe. Write 
Cambridge Steel Plows 
have I lack of thorn (t I yours exportation in plow 
building, arc guaranteed to be the lightest draft, 
most durable, host working plows made. Our 
soft Centro ateel moiddhoarda tempered by our special 
process are warranted net to break or wear out 
for n years. Our steel beams 
and malleable standards are 
warranted for a lifetime. 
Bent free 
Tha King Harness Co., 
mv- 
0WEQ0.TI 
Thompson’s 
Sows nil Clovers, 
ALFALFA. Timothy, 
Rod Top and all Grass 
Seeds In any desired 
quantity. So oloso to 
the ground seed will ll 
not blow away In I] 
windiest weather. ji 
WHEELBARROW 
Grass Seeder 
Light, but strong 
and durable. Over 
200 Thousand In 
use. Has led all 
broadcast seeders for 
30 years. Catalogue 
free. 
0. E. Thompson 
& Sons, 
Ypsilanti, Mich. 
land or hillside, turns as good a furrow us any Hat 
land plow made. If there is no Cambridge agent in 
your town write us for our Kprdnl proposition 
and complete implement catalogue, Illustrating the 
It nest line of Steel flows, Harrows, Cultivators, 
flan tors, 11 i Hers. < lasoline KngineH, Ensilage < ’utters, 
etc., Hold in the East. 
H. H. LOVEJOY & SON, 
20 to40 Foundry St., Cambridge, N.Y. 
wANTFni^ or Mend-a-Rip 
I tl/ I Greatly Improved. Better than ever. 
Doan all Minin of light ami hoary 
rlvi'llngaml 
it 1 tailing. 
Hava* Its 
coil many tlmoN a year, A par* 
I fool llnffl Mewing Mn>*Mnn ami Hlfttor 
* ('ombliiml. Nothin tbn Automatic Mpaaaf 
which makes neat, «v«n ditching To 
I iihow It means & sale. Amenta make 
$3 to $15 a day. One agent made 920 Aral 
day and write* to hurry niaolilntt to him Write fnrNjioo- 
lal agte. ftrlco. J 11. Footo Foundry Co.Dep Uh Vredeilcktown.O 
(Thr (Iren/ Agents Sufyly House) 
A Picture That Talks 
TVHIS BIRD'S-EYE VIEW of 
J- A. W. AnderHOn'H farm 
lmlhlingH, located at Kune, fa., 
totlHu simple atory of rooting 
superiority. It, hIidwh live 
buildiugH, all covered with 
Carey’s Flexible 
Cement Roofing 
Tho work wan done by Mr. Anderson hlin- 
Bolf with but knife and hammer an tools. The 
dwelling shows the neat and economical application 
of Carey's Roofing over a shingle roof, which wan good for nothing olno than a founda¬ 
tion for (Jaroy’8 Roofing. Mr. Anderson writes: 
“Carey's Roofing Is first, class In every respect, the best f have ever 
seen. I am using It with entire satisfaction on llat and steep surfaces, 
for cave spouts and all other places. It keeps my cattle comfortable, 
as cold and all moisture are excluded. What I have done with Carey’s 
Uonllng other farmers may do equally as well. 1 wilt always be glad 
to use It and recommend It.” 
Carey’s Roofing Is composed of best all wool felt (our own manufacture), our highly 
. ■ * —* “-" cement. No other 
protects nail heads, 
.. . . ,__ _ boot and rooting to 
roof-board. Carey Roofs never blow off. 
Write to-day for FREE Hamplo and beautiful booklet; 
a I no addromi of uoaroHt d Is t r 1 bu 11 ng point. 
Carey’s Roofing Iscomposea of best all wool rnir, (our own manmacrurei, 
torn pored Anphalt Compound, Btrong lmrlap, and our Urn-proof roment. 
roofing hat* the feature of Carey’s Patent Lap, which covers and protects i 
insuring a noat, smooth, absolutely water-proof union of shoot to shoot and 
THE PHILIP CAREY MFG. CO., (Established 1873) 
42 Wayne Avenue, • - Cincinnati, Ohio. 
f n"w AMERICAN SAW MILL 
Variable Friction Feed ■—■■■* 
Ratchet Sot Works, Quick Receder, 
Duplex Steel Dogs, Strong, Accurate and 
Reliable, Best Material and Workman¬ 
ship. LIGHT RUNNING. Requires 
Little Power. Simple, Easy to Handle. 
Won’t Get Out of Order. 
No. 1 mill with 4(i inch saw, guaranteed 
to cut 2000 feet per day with 5 h. p. 
Wiuim. i ..ti. Mm., engine. 
129 Hope Street, Hackettstown. New Jersey. 
AMERICAN SAW MILL MACHINERY CO 
•» 
Agents in all large cities. Write us for name of agent nearest to you. 
8 other itui, . 1 
Rlpin4CuiO(rBft*f, brag Haw a, (lord Wmsl Maw* and Pood Mill*. 
CAT ALOUD K HKNT HUSK. A8K FOIL IT. 
J| 
IboF^^^^^^T HIGKQRY Vehicle* 
1 
^You Pay Us Nothing, Until You Are Satisfied. 
IVJ^k 1 Uavw»17 But wrlto mb at onco for roll Inform* 
rUfr tdon about thin moHt 11 bornl offer 
Kcmmnbor, you can have SO day** free trial oil any of my famoiiH SplitM 
Hickory 1-eJiiaUn, and you don't bavo to pay uh any money uiiIcmm you ami 
i Hut billed. Don’t buy a IniKSy or vehicle of any kind from any one mi till 
f*' you got my valuable Buggy Book. It In tho moat wonderful Hook about Vo-" 
Melon over puhllHliod. Junt wrlto mo u pOMtat canl and May: "Bend me unur fre. 
^ItuQuy Iiaoky" and I will Mend It to you by return mall absolutely free. Write on 
now , boforo you forget It- II. 0. IM1ICLF8. lYonldont 
THE OHIO CARRIAGE MFG. CO., Station 290, Cincinnati, Ohio. 
Oon’t 
buy a 
Vehicle 
of any 
kind until 
you got our 
Now Vehicle 
Catalog 
WRITE A POSTAL FOR LARGE ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE V-203. 
It la tks moat Oomplatd catalog of vahlolM and hamMB everprlntfld. Tha cut* ato mado Iatbo ao aa to at , . _ _ _ m 
■bow a colored pinto Bill IruibcH, of our CHICAGO SPECIAL BUOCY, reproduced III till) actual colorn Junt an It Ik painted ami Ihilxhcd. Tlio diixcrtntlon* are complete and 
B0#u " MARVIN SMITH CO- CHICAGO. ILL. 
plain. All vehicle* are shlp|H)d dlreot from our factory. ()ur prices a'm the very Inwuut 
O ••• vur astonishingly low prloss and lha most llbsral terms ever offered to you. 
