1907. 
211 
VENTILATION FOR STABLE. 
How can I ventilate my stable? When I 
take my team in they, of course, steam some¬ 
times, and later on it freezes overhead and 
makes it damp, and I cannot dry it out. 
Diagram of barn shows that, where I put 
down the hay, if I have that door open there 
is a draft of air coming down all the time, 
and if the door back of this is open any I 
have too much space to warm in Winter. It 
is stable under lean-to, I have reference to, 
not the box stall, and this is ceiled out and 
inside. 
Not only when you put your team in 
the barn do they throw off moisture, but 
every moment they stand there. About 
10 pounds of water is thrown off daily 
from lungs and skin by a 1,200 pound 
horse. Your stable is ceiled, and there¬ 
fore tight, preventing ingress and egress 
of dry fresh air to carry away this water 
in the form of vapor. The air soon be¬ 
comes saturated, and the walls being cold 
it quickly condenses. The first thing is to 
make the walls warm, and this can he 
done by filling the space between the 
studs with some dry non-conductihg ma¬ 
terial like straw or dry planer shavings. 
The ceiling overhead must be tight; if the 
space above is very cold you will have to 
sx9rr 
BOXSTALL 
BOXSTALL 
~-/err- 
10 ft. -- 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
HowTo Makethe OldBu^yNew 
held in place by wooden buttons, and so 
can be readily lifted out. When the sun 
strikes through the windows the glass re¬ 
places the muslin frames, and the muslin 
door is closed, instead of the solid wooden 
one. At night and on cloudy days the 
wooden door is closed, but the muslin 
frames are put in the windows. The glass 
windows on the north are always closed. 
The whole interior (walls and ceiling) is 
whitewashed whenever it begins to look 
dingy, and the floor behind the cows is 
powdered with land plaster twice a day, 
which is as often swept into the manure 
gutter (10 inches wide by eight inches 
deep). The plaster adds greatly to the 
cleanly appearance, is a deodorizer, man¬ 
ure conserver, and helps our legume crops, 
which in our soil require liming. The ven¬ 
tilation seems excellent and the cows 
healthy. 
When farmers buy new stock it is rarely 
convenient to quarantine it if it be cold 
weather, as all suitable buildings are usu¬ 
ally in constant use. A cheap shanty of 
tar paper, with a tight wooden floor, and 
one large window on the south side, mus¬ 
lin covered, would, I think, answer every 
requirement and prove an excellent sani¬ 
tarium for sick animals or such that it 
may prove wise to separate from the 
others. H. w. H. 
Columbia Co., N. Y. 
insulate with a covering of straw or chaff. 
Now put in a flue from near floor to a 
point outside above the highest point of 
roof, as you would a chimney. Cut an 
opening near the ceiling as large as the 
size of flue, and arrange to open and 
close at will. Make this flue with one 
foot square area for each 5,000 pounds 
live weight; put a cap on top to keep 
out storms, about one foot above top. 
Then, in the opposite side of the room, 
cut two openings near floor, each just half 
the size of the outlet, and carry through 
flues to a point near ceiling, and there 
admit fresh air into the room. I will 
guarantee, if this is properly done, that 
your stable will be free from moisture, 
and fresh air will always he present. 
In cold weather use lower end of out¬ 
let flue and upper opening in warmer 
weather, and so equalize the temperature. 
H. E. COOK. 
MUSLIN WINDOWS FOR VENTILA¬ 
TION. 
In an editorial on page 114 you' ask for 
the experience of those who have tried 
the method of ventilating cow stables ad¬ 
vocated by Dr. E. M. Santee. Pending 
the erection of a new barn it was neces¬ 
sary to quarter our six cows this Winter 
(1906-7) in an old shed. The front was 
closed, making all the walls of half-inch 
boards battened. Eight inches above the 
former earth floor one of matched boards 
was laid. The building was then (inside 
measurements) 20 feet long, 18 feet wide’ 
and the ceiling seven feet high, and there¬ 
fore allowed but 420 cubic feet per cow 
instead of the 600 cubic feet usually rec¬ 
ommended. Two windows, with sliding 
sashes, were cut in each of the long sides, 
the north and the south. One row of 
stanchions extends along the center, so 
that the cows all faced the north. In ad¬ 
dition to the two south windows there is 
a door on that side. I had frames cov¬ 
ered with heavy muslin made to fit these 
two south windows and door. They are 
A NEW JERSEY TOMATO CANNERY 
In a recent Issue an Ohio reader asked 
some questions abor f raising tomatoes for 
a canning factory. We have such a factory 
here at Hopewell, run by the stockholders. 
100 shares of stock were subscribed at $50 
per share. Each share represented one acre 
of tomatoes. This factory was started 15 
years ago, and the price was then $7 for 
August, $6.50 for September and $6 for Oc¬ 
tober tomatoes; this was not satisfactory to 
all, so then the price was fixed at $6.50 for 
several years and then advanced to $7 per 
ton, and last year we received $8 per ton ; 
this year the price has not been set, but will 
be $9 or over per ton. The practice hero is 
to plant, the seed (supplied by the factory at 
cost), as early in the Spring as the ground is 
fit to work, in some warm protected place in 
drills about a foot apart, and as soon as dan¬ 
ger of frost is over and the plants are large 
enough, they are transplanted in the field 
(about 4x4 Is right) on good soil; most of the 
plants are set the first week in .Tune. We 
usually give the ground a good coat of stable 
manure, and • something in the hill, rich in 
nitrogen and potash. 
The crop is most uncertain and depends 
much on weather conditions; they need lots 
of moisture, but can’t stand wet feet. Two 
days’ rain when in bloom will cut your crop 
in two, or a shower wih high wind just after 
the plants have gone down. The crops here 
have averaged from six to eight tons per acre 
from year to year and last year the average 
was eight tons per acre. Almost every year 
some grower will have a phenomenal crop; 
15% tons to an acre have been raised here, 
and this has had a tendency to keep us all 
trying after a partial failure. They do well 
on a clover sod, but because of the danger 
from cutworms, most people plant on corn- 
stubble. They require more cultivation than 
corn. R. s. e. 
New Jersey. 
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HAVANA METAL WHEEL C0„ Box 17. HAVANA. ILL. 
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Don’t Push 
The horse can draw the 
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OHNSTON 
Steel 
Tedder 
Haying time is a time of hurry and hustle. Every 
moment counts. That’s when you want to know that your 
haying tools are going to work and not balk. 
The Johnston Steel Hay Tedder is a tool you can tie to at haying 
time. No matter if the hay is wet and heavy or dry and light, 
the Tedder does its work just the same, does it without jar or 
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ground at the same time. The steel angle and pipe construction 
makes The Johnston the neatest, lightest, strongest, most compact 
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THE JOHNSTON HARVESTER CO., Box 31, Batavia, N. Y. 
y it wurifs anu 
pulverized soil 
is the most im¬ 
portant requi¬ 
site of a good 
seed bed. No 
The Acme Harrow 
field—no 
matter how 
rich—is well 
prepared forseed 
unless the ground 
has been thoroughly 
pulverized. 
Does the old fashioned spike 
or spring toothed harrow do 
that! It does not. It does tear 
up the grass, weeds and trash the 
plow burled, and which should stay buried. 
What you need is the ACME All Steel Riding Harrow— the 
only harrow built on scientific principles. 
Flat steel spurs go ahead of the Acme coulters or teeth, 
crushing and leveling every clod. 
Try the 
Acme 
FREE. 
Then the coulters like long plowshares 
follow, turning the soil both ways and 
mixing it. When they get through with 
it the soil is as line as a Harrow can make 
it and presents all its food to the seed. 
Think how much easier on the 
team the Acme Harrow is! 
The old harrow dragged blunt¬ 
ly against the soil. The Acme 
cuts smoothly through. 
Then the Acme is very conveni¬ 
ent to move from one Held to an¬ 
other, as a lever raises the coul¬ 
ters from the ground. One 
man can put the harrow in a 
wagon or sled with ease. 
The Acme Is the lowest priced harrow 
made and is built to lust. 
Write for free book,“A Perfect Sood Bod.** 
Written by distinguished agriculturists. 
A postal to mo and it will corn,, 
DUANE H. NASH, 
MILLINGTON, N. J. 
