100?. 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
669 
SELECTING AND GROWING GRAPE 
SEEDLINGS. 
R., Illinois .—I have a lot of volunteer 
seedling grapevines of unknown parentage, 
from which I waut to select plants to 
grow, with a view to obtaining a good va¬ 
riety. To accomplish this, should I select 
from those plants with large or small, pointed 
or oval leaves, long or short-jointed canes, 
or what should I look for, and what should 
be considered in making selections to accom¬ 
plish such object? 
Were the origin of the seed or the 
species represented in the seedlings 
known, some suggestions could be given; 
these, however, not being known it will 
be difficult to do so, as the species differ 
so decidedly in their characteristics. To 
illustrate: The zT£slivalis species have 
very large coarse leaves, more or less 
lobed, long j'ointed canes and rather small 
compact clusters; berries small to medi¬ 
um size, and of fair texture and quality. 
The Rupestris has a small to very small 
leaf, entire and pointed, short-jointed 
canes, small, loose clusters of small 
berries of inferior quality. The Rotundi- 
folia has a small entire leaf, small to 
medium size, delicate but leathery, medi¬ 
um-sized canes with clusters of few but 
large berries with leathery and tough 
skin. The Labrusca has a .coarse large 
leaf, more or less lobed, medium to 
large in size, canes medium to large, 
clusters and berries medium to above in 
size, very pronounced foxy flavor. The 
Riparia has leaf entire, rather fine texture, 
pointed, small to above in size, canes 
medium sized, slender, usually rather long 
jointed with clusters small to medium 
sized, compact. Berries small to medium 
of rather good quality. 
The range of the species is also an all 
important matter. The seedlings should 
be of species adapted to the soil and other 
conditions, and hardy in the locality 
where they are to be grown. Thus, for 
instance, in the northern part of the 
country a Rotundifolia or southern species 
could not be expected to thrive, neither 
should a species that loves moisture be 
planted on dry hillsides. In seedlings 
from like parentage nice results can be 
expected through selections. Thus the 
lighter-colored leaf and young growth is 
usually an indication of a lighter-colored 
fruit; a more slender and weaker grower 
would likely produce fruit of more deli¬ 
cate texture; a more robust, stocky 
grower, larger and coarser fruit. In en¬ 
deavoring to obtain a variety possessing 
certain characteristics it is important to 
select either a variety that comes very 
near being the ideal you have in mind, 
and in seedlings from it make selections 
from them similar to the parent, but 
varying toward the change desired. To 
illustrate: You have a vine that suits you 
in ajl other respects but is not vigorous 
enough, or has not enough of an upright 
tendency. Then select from the seedlings 
such as are similar to the parent but more 
vigorous, upright, etc. Again, we may 
see an ideal combination of desirable qual¬ 
ities represented in two or more varieties; 
in which case cross-hybridization between 
these would suggest itself as the best 
means of accomplishing the results de¬ 
sired. Much labor and expense can be 
saved by observing such seedlings in the 
nursery rows the first two seasons, and 
then select from them for test and fruit¬ 
ing purposes. geo. c. husmann. 
Department of Agriculture. 
Although I have had considerable ex¬ 
perience in growing grapes from cuttings, 
I have not had any experience in growing 
them from seed. I know that seedling 
grape vines are very easily grown from 
seed, and I have destroyed thousands of 
volunteer seedlings during the past 40 
years. If the Illinois reader has ample 
room, means and time at his command, 
lie might be fortunate enough to secure 
a valuable variety from a few thousand 
seedlings; as for picking out the most 
promising seedlings 1 think it would be 
almost impossible to do it, at best I would 
not undertake it. However, I would de¬ 
stroy all the seedlings that have tendency 
to mildew. Grapevines with downy or 
fuzzy foliage on the under side are less 
inclined to mildew then those with smooth 
foliage, unless the latter are seedlings of 
Clinton and its type. The short-jointed 
varieties of grapes, of which Delaware 
may be taken as a type, do not usually 
produce as large bunches as the long- 
jointed Concord and its types. I have 
thought of the following plan, which may 
help our Illinois reader: First, let him 
sort all his seedlings, keeping only the 
healthy ones; then sort out of those left 
the strong, medium and moderate gowers. 
This will give him three grades. Now let 
us imagine that he has about 900 in the 
above three grades. To bring these vines 
to the fruiting stage would take from 
three to four years; this would be the 
only sure test. In regard to planting, we 
assume they arc thrifty one-year-old 
seedlings that have survived their first 
Winter. The following Spring they are 
ready to transplant into nursery rows. 
The vines before transplanting have been 
cut to two or three buds, of which the 
strongest is left to grow. Now to ac¬ 
commodate the 900 vines would only re¬ 
quire three rows, each row 100 yards long, 
each vine planted about one foot apart, 
and the rows three feet apart. This 
would allow ample room for the culti¬ 
vator to be worked between the rows. 
Planted in this manner they can remain 
in same ground until they fruit. They 
would only require annual pruning in 
March and clean cultivation during Spring 
and Summer. I have often seen young 
grapevines fruit in nursery rows. Per¬ 
haps the Illinois reader has a better plan. 
This is just my idea, and it would not 
be expensive. antoine wintzer. 
Pennsylvania. 
Seeing the Inquiry of .T. P. I>., page 020, for 
something that will kill poison ivy, reminds 
me that about one year ago I applied dry salt 
to a patch of poison Ivy and the result has 
been all right. A very few plants that failed 
to get in contact with the salt are alive, hut 
the main patch is clean. f. w. 
Indiana. 
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SC ALEC IDE' 
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"VERMONT FARM MACHINE COMPANY, Bellows Falls, Vt. 
EIGHTEEN DISTRIBUTING WAREHOUSES 473 
