1007. 
SPRAYING QUESTIONS . 
A Beginner's Queries, 
I want to set an orchard at Amhgfst. 
Mass.: high ground, sandy loam, some gravel. 
I am absolutely ignorant about it and would 
consider it a great favor if you would give me 
explicit directions about apple trees, kind to 
buy, and where; two-year-old or what, 
“whips” or not; how have them shipped and 
when; how to cut back, (I think I can pre¬ 
pare the ground and set) ; how to avoid San 
Jos6 scale in buying stock; how far apart; 
(I am advised 200 trees to the acre), some 
commercial kinds (early bearers), etc. If 
you can put yourself in my place (though it 
will be hard for you to imagine the vastness 
of my Ignorance) and advise me in greatest 
detail. It will be a great favor, f. b. r. 
New Kocbelle, N. Y. 
I would set Rome Beauty, R. I. Green¬ 
ings, McIntosh for permanent trees 40 
feet apart, using Wealthy, Wagefier and 
King for fillers, making the orchard 20 
feet apart each way. Use two-year-old 
trees that had not been trimmed up very 
high in nursery. Buy of nearest respon¬ 
sible nurseryman, and either have them 
fumigated by the nurseryman or fumigate 
them yourself in a tight room, according 
to instructions on page 277. Have the 
trees shipped in boxes with the roots 
well packed in damp straw or moss. 
When setting cut off all broken roots and 
ends of roots, making a clean cut, and 
also prune the top quite severely, cutting 
off one-half to two-thirds of past year’s 
growth, and do not prune much after¬ 
wards until the trees come into bear¬ 
ing, except the taking out of occasional 
rubbing or crossing branches. I think 
that 200' trees to the acre are altogether 
too close for apples, and I have been criti¬ 
cised for advising 20 feet as being alto¬ 
gether too close, but even those who crit¬ 
icise admit that if the trees are cut out 
when they begin to crowd, the close 
planted orchard will pay a much larger 
profit per acre. Of course the cutting out 
must be done by the grower. If he has 
not the nerve to cut at the proper time 
he would better not grow apples. Plant 
as few varieties as possible in a commer¬ 
cial orchard, but do not have the varieties 
that all ripen at about the same time, or 
it will bother in harvesting crop. 
Sal Soda Bordeaux. 
lias the sal soda Bordeaux been sufficiently 
tried to determine whether it is as effectual 
ns the lime Bordeaux? It being so much 
easier to prepare and working more freely 
through the nozzles, I should prefer to use 
it if otherwise satisfactory. I have used it 
in a small way for two or three seasons, and 
have noticed no ill effects. G. d. c. 
riainville. Conn. 
Growers who have used this wash think 
it as effective as the lime Bordeaux. If 
your own experience has proved satis¬ 
factory, why hesitate to use it? I can 
see no reason why it should not be as 
effective a fungicide as the lime Bor¬ 
deaux. 
Rain Following Spraying. 
I have begun spraying this year and as 
I am “green” at the work I would like a 
little information. In spraying for the Peach 
tot with the Bordeaux Mixture or copper 
Sulphate, if I make an application and there 
eomes a rain the following night or next day. 
Would the treatment have been effective, 
or must I make the application over again? 
Jackson, Mo. c. b. 
A rain following a spraying of Bor¬ 
deaux mixture, after the Bordeaux has 
had an opportunity to dry on, will only 
wash off a small amount of the fungicide, 
and will impair its fungicidal action but 
little. Peach foliage is very susceptible 
to injury from Bordeaux Mixture, and a 
2-4-50 formula is as strong as it should 
be used on peaches in leaf. Injury to 
foliage often results but is not usually 
noticeable until three to five weeks after 
date of application. B. d. v. b. 
Government Whitewash. 
Several Readers .—Will you publish the 
recipe for “Government whitewash?” 
Ans.—S lake one-half bushel of good 
•stone lime in hot water, keeping it cov¬ 
ered while slaking. Strain and add four 
quarts of salt dissolved in warm water, 
three pounds of ground rice, boiled to a 
;thin paste, half a pound of powdered 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
341 
Spanish whiting, and one pound of clear 
glue, dissolved in warm water. Mix and 
let stand for several days. Apply as hot 
as possible. 
Fertilizer in Iowa. —iWe are using a 
commercial fertilizer on truck gardens that 
analyses four per cent ammonia, eight per 
cent available phosphoric acid and seven per 
cent potash, about 300 pounds per acre. Our 
soil is a sandy loam. We use six to eight 
loads of manure to the acre, applying it 
broadcast in the Winter, and then plow it 
under in the Spring. We apply commercial 
fertilizer while cultivating, by using a fer¬ 
tilizer distributor that will drill the fertilizer 
behind the Inside shovel of the cultivator: 
this puts the fertilizer in moist ground and 
covers it Immediately, and what we put In 
at first cultivation (about 100 pounds per 
acre) goes about three inches from the plant. 
We apply about the same amount at three 
different times, alternating from one side 
of the row to the other, and by thus sup¬ 
plying the food at different times, we keep 
yp a vigorous plant growth, and get most 
excellent results from our fertilizer. We al¬ 
ways leave a few rows without fertilizer, 
so as to keep check on otir results, and have 
found that if we apply the fertilizer in this 
way, we can check up our results easily, and 
have always found a good gain as our re¬ 
sults. We use some nitrate of soda on some 
of our more sandy ground, and have had an 
increase of one-third more per row on a 40- 
rod row, when using one gallon of nitrate 
of soda, when the plants were out in the 
field four weeks; the crop came earlier, and 
early crops are what pay. By drilling the 
fertilizer at the roots of the plant, while 
cultivating, we get much better results than 
we did when we applied it by hand, or drilled 
it in at time of planting, for, by cultivating 
it in, we make It available to a very large 
number of plant roots. b. l. h. 
Muscatine, Iowa. 
“What is a brain storm?” “Well,” 
answered Farmer Corntossel, “as near as 
I kin make out, its somethin’ like sayin’ 
appendicitis stid of stomach ache. It’s an 
expensive name fur a mighty common 
complaint.”—Washington Star. 
That Look of 
Newness About 
the Farm 
produced by the use of Pure White 
Lead Paint is not only a source of 
satisfaction to the owner, but it has a 
definite cash value as an asset and as 
a protection. 
When you want to sell, you can get 
a better price for a well-painted house, 
wagon or implement. 
And when you don’t want to sell, 
the protection afforded by Pure White 
Lead Paint means longer life to your 
property, a saving on repairs and 
replacements, and greater satisfaction 
in ownership. 
The Dutch Boy trade mark found 
on the side of a keg is a guaranty 
that it contains only Pure White 
Lead made by the Old Dutch Process. 
SEND FOR BOOK 
“A Talk on Paint,” gives valuable 
information on the paint subject. Sent 
free upon request. 
NATIONAL LEAD COMPANY 
in whichever of the follow¬ 
ing cities is nearest you: 
Nev> York, Boston, Buffalo, Cleveland, 
Cincinnati, Chicago, St. Louis, Philadel¬ 
phia (John T. Lewis & Bros. Co.) Pittsburgh 
(National Lead & Oil Co.) 
FERTILIZER LIMEYS 
WALTON QCARKIKS, Harrisburg, Pa. 
Big Crops of Corn 
can be depended upon from land 
that has been liberally fertilized 
with a complete fertilizer contain¬ 
ing 3/2% nitrogen, 8 % available 
phosphoric acid and 9% 
Potash 
Just how and why 9% of Potash 
is necessary our booklet will show. 
GERMAN KALI WORKS 
93 Nassau Street, New York 
HUBBARD’S FERTILIZERS 
ARE 
RICH N FORMS o e f st PLANT FOOD I 
HENCE THEY GIVE 
RICH CROPS AT HARVEST 
Send for 1907 Almanac and Prices. 
THE ROGERS & HUBBARD GO., Fertilizer Manufacturers, Middletown, Conn. 
We are ready to prove'It the 
Lightest Draft Elevator Digger Made . 
We have so much confidence 
send It on trial to any responsible 
farmer In the U. S. Send for our 
special offer and catalogue . 
D. Y. Hal lock & Sons 
Box 812* York, Penn’a. 
nil VnilD nuull TlIBCQUIilla Thetwohorsejiower Little Clsnt 
UU I UUH UWH 111 nCOIl mu* Thresher and Cleaner enables 
farmer to do his own threshing. Save expense and thresh when you have 
the time. No waiting for thojob thresher. Thresh foryoursolf »nd your neighbors. Clean 
thresh.ng, perfect cleaning. Grain ready for market. Capacity 200 to 600 bu. per day. 
Thrcehes all grain and graes seeds. Runs by steam or other power. Tread powers for 1,2 or 
3horses. Can beusod for sawing.shelling,pumping,feed cutting,oto. Send for catalog. Fra. 
HKEBNKB & SONS, No. 88 Broud St., Lunsdale, Pa. 
DOUBLES YOUR MONEY EVERY YEAR 
THE FAMOUS 
GREEN MOUNTAIN SILO 
Better than a bank. For every dollar you put Into it you take out 
over two dollars’ worth of the sweetest, juiciest, most nutritious and 
wholesome food ever fed to stock on the farm. Every cow will be 
kept fatter and healthier and will yield 25 per cent more milk. Agents 
wanted in unassigned territory. Write for free Catalog jj 
STODDARD MFC. CO., Rutland, Vt. 
