ltot. 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
365 
SELECTING SEED POTATOES. 
In plnnllng potatoes wp should rc* member Mini Hip tuber 
In not a true Heed, but an underground hIiuu, and Ih gov¬ 
erned by the name Iuwh iih IiuiIh of tri!OH. grapevines, 
currants, etc. The terminal bud or Heed end, If no ucel- 
deiit Iiuh occurred, Ih die strongest and llrsl to start, I»lf- 
ferent. variel Ich differ In the number of budtt they will 
Htart. JiihI like varletleH of fruit trocH, 'J'be Yellow "Trans- 
pnrent npple, for Instance, starts the lermlnnl laid first, 
all right, but It also HtarlH ho many other buds that un- 
I<*hh you thin out the limbs will be ho thick you cannot 
climb Into the tree. Itut there are other varieties that do 
not have such a tendency. Whenever you cut off the ter¬ 
minal hud (seed end) that has a tendency to Htart the 
other buds. When we cut a potato we make a (dace favor¬ 
able for disease io Htart. Potatoes furnish their own mois¬ 
ture to start the sprout, and when we put the cut piece In 
a very dry Hull the hoII Ih liable to lake molHlure away 
from the Heed piece to the detriment of the sprout. 
Results of teat h at Ohio Experiment Station, 100(1: Two 
VarletleH were selected, Hovce and Carman No. .'!. Row 
No. I was planted with Heed pieces cut to one eye. making 
10 hushelH seed per acre. Row No. 2 two-eye ’ pieces, I f* 
bushels per acre. Row No. 3 potatoes cut’ In half, 25 
bushels per acre, and then In order to avoid any hereditary 
tendency to greater productiveness a potato was cut Into 
halves, one half planted In row No. .'{, a ini from the other 
half one eye pieces and two-eye pieces were cut for rows 
I and 2. Row 4 was planted with whole tubers, taking 
■10 bushels per acre. The plants from the whole potatoes 
came up llrKt. and were much stronger for about two weeks, 
hut by careful and good cultivation the one-eye plants by 
that lime gained op the others so that not much differ 
enc" was observed from that time on. 
Yield per acre, bushels, Movee ; 
small, 37.0 
Hina II, 52.U 
•mall, H7.7 
small, 1011.11 
small, 
Hinall, 
small, 
Hinall, 
families. 
35.2 
32.2 
35.2 
35.5 
With 
One-eye pieces, marketable.1 H2.4 
Two-eye pieces, marketable .ibti.l 
I la Ives, marketable . 144.(1 
Whole, marketable .IP3.5 
Yield per acre, hushelH, Carman : 
One-eye pieces, marketable. |km.5 
Two i ye pieces, marketable.230.4 
Halves, marketable .23(1.0 
Whole, marketable .201.(S 
Here we notice the difference In the two 
the Movee, when halves and whole potatoes were planted, 
too many buds started so many Hlalks In the hill flml we 
had lens marketable and more Hinall, hut In the Carman we 
have tin- whole potato making the greater yield of market 
abb- potatoes, also notice that the halves (if both varieties 
fall below Hu 1 yield of the two-eye pieces, showing tin- ten 
dency of the potato to he like an apple limb; when you 
prune It, It will he disposed to Htart more buds. So 
cut. a potato af all It Ih better to cut to two eyes, 
contention Ih, however, that even with the Movee 
the net gain will lie greater by planting small (two 
whole tubers, for notice the difference In yield be 
two-eye pieces and whole tubers wsh only 2.P bushels 
Of the two eyes. 
ottHc I would call tin* expense nl' the 40 hushelH of 
cut ft, 
If we 
M,v 
family 
ounce) 
tween ... 
In favor 
In mv .... 
small whole tubers for seed practically nothing, while tin 
15 bushels of two eye pieces taken from salable polatoer 
would be $7.50. That Ih, I do not believe you could lak( 
two eyes from Hinall unsalable potatoes and have the re 
suits as above. Mm so many contend that planting small 
potatoes year after year they run out. At the Ohio Kx 
perlmenl: Hlatlon, In a five-year average, the Kurlv ICosi 
stood third on the list for product!veness. The Early ICosi 
was Introduced 13 years ago, and I never knew of any sc 
lection to Improve Its vleldlng <pialll|rs. 
At Geneva Station, N. Y., Hinall potatoes and large pota 
toes, variety R. N. Y. No. 2, were taken from the same hill 
the small potatoes planted whole and seed pieces cut from 
the large potatoes (spoil In weight to the Hinall whole pota 
toes, and four rows of each planted. Fertilization, eultlva 
• Ion and spraying was the same for all rows, and every 
row of the Hinall whole seed out-yielded Its adjoining row 
the average being 21 bushels. 21 potthda per non 
the'small whole seed. At Cambridge, England, 
whole potatoes weighing !» or 10 to the pound 
results than cut seed nieces (the variety, how 
stated). In Era nee, 1000 , an experimenter re 
Heed while possessing great vigor of reproduc 
to the production of Hinall t.ulsu'H. The advise- 
of i ni seed, 
In favor of 
100(1, small 
gave belt cl¬ 
ever, Ih not 
ports small 
lion tends 
hillty of culling seed tubers largely hinges on tin* variei 
to Is* planted. 
(’an the potato he Improved by selection? At the 
Hlatlon three years’ work selecting most productive 
and least productive hills for comparison, gave 
marked results In favor of tin- seed selected from 
productive hills year after year, hut at Geneva, N Y 
Old 
bill 
quit, 
til os 
Htn 
tlon, while the Ili-Ht year the result was 23 bushels, 5 pomp 
per acre In favor of seed from high-yielding as compared 
with seed from low yielding hills (variety Sir Waller Ra¬ 
leigh), the second year til bushels, 23 pounds* In favor of 
productive hill seed; yet In the third year, three years' 
breeding up as compared with three years' breeding down, 
the difference was only three hushelH, 54 pounds per acre, 
tu favor of seed selected from productive hills. So It Is 
quite questionable about "running out." We must remem¬ 
ber that tdl potatoes of a variety came from the same 
original slock, no new blood Is Introduced, and In the 
little runt tuber the " blond in jnul <ih bliit:” as In the most, 
magnificent specimen of that variety. When we talk of Im¬ 
proving varieties of potatoes h.v selection wo simply are 
bringing up the question In dispute among nurserymen'about 
Improving varletleH of fruit by bud selection, “sports,” The 
Ohio I’lnnl Mreeders' Association will lids year undertake 
work along this Hue, and while I have started to do some 
careful selection, T confess the more I study the question 
the less faith I have In It. It Is wonderful the difference 
III yield of adjacent Idlla of the same variety all treated as 
near alike as possible. Here are soiik* results from Geneva, 
N. Y., Station Ten consecutIvo hills yielded as follows: it!, 
■IH, M. 3b, 25, 32 IH, 7, 5.3, 37 ounces. 
Licking Co., Ohio. cakv w. montuommky. 
SOME DAMAGE TO FRUIT. 
The extremely low temperature of tin* past Winter has 
played sad havoc with many of the more tender* fruits In 
our vicinity. After a thorough examination of the It.. 
In my own pouch orchard, comprising 17 varieties, also 
the trees of some of my neighbors and a few In the village 
of Canandaigua, I have not been able to find one live fruit 
hud, and very much of the wood as well Is killed. 1 tldnk 
the coming Hummer will show many frees killed outright. 
Japan plums are tdso killed here, lad the wood does not 
seem to Is* Injured ns badly. Home varieties of raspberries 
are alHo killed, hut the old standby, the apple, seems to be 
coming out In good shape and those trees which did not 
hear heavily Iasi year, and have been well taken care of 
are showing promise of a good crop at present, and we 
now expect to have apple sauce next Winter, hut from our 
I,Hot) peach trees we do not expect one peach. Our Spring 
seems to he coming the wrong way round, with days in 
March when the thermometer ran up to HO degrees, while 
we have to billion up our coals and pul on our mittens some 
of our recent April mornings, Winter wheal Is looking 
fair considering the poor start. It had last Eall and the 
very small amount of snow covering It had through the 
Winter. Meadows and grass seem to be coming through 
the Winter In line shape. Home farmers have started plow 
lag, while with others the land Is still too wet. The Niagara 
I’ower line running near us and the Stall* road which Is to 
be begun soon makes It very dlfllcult for the farmers to 
secure needed help, arid many of them who usually hire men 
bv the mouth are going to do without this Hummer rather 
Ilian pay the price demanded by the help to Is* had. 
Ontario Co., N. V. John y. wkm.h. 
FRUIT PROSPECTS. 
of April 1 about wiped out. 
III. 
The freeze 
asparagus. 
Villa Ridge, 
Emit buds are as 
peaches and Murbnnk i 
good sprinkling left all 
do a lot of thinning. Peaches are qult( 
there are some live buds among almost 
our fruit 
0 . w. 
and 
■o. 
yet unharmed 
plums. Of the 
right, and we 
with the exception of 
latter there will he a 
will not he obliged to 
severely hurl, hut. 
all varieties. We 
which augers 
w. a. u. 
are having cold backward weather at. present, 
well for the fruit buds later. 
Interlaken, N. Y. 
Prosper I Is good ho far for plums and cherries. Pears 
Were a heavy crop last season and will probably not ex*.. 
medium this year. Ii Is the off year for npph'-s, hut quite 
« few P.aldwlns bore that year, for the last two crops. 
mm IVjicIh'm an* not often ho thoroughly killed 
In tin* hud an last VVlnhu*. | do not h<*i» how lh<T«* ran la* 
any raised lor marlod In thin HOC lion thin Hcaaon 
Worcester Co„ Mass. it. 0 . mmap. 
The grapevine arrived; It was In line condition. The fruit 
‘rep seems to he In had condition, sweet, cherries all 
gone, Hour fully two thirds black, of peaches and plums In 
m.V opinion, but. few will slick Id the end. Apples do not 
Heem to Is* hurl any but then* are scarcely any more trees 
In this neighborhood. The majority of buds on the grape 
Vines are killed outright. The last two weeks In March 
were balmy and warm; all tin* time since the first of Anrll 
we have had cold weather. Thermometer Is hanging about 
tin* 1(1 mark most of the time. On April 2 II dropped !*, •>'> 
Home lower ground IH; since then Ice has formed 
11 nn*H; windstorms, hall and snow all thrown In 
several 
for good 
measure, 1 suppose. in this morning’s paper tlu* weather 
report says warmer and showers; wluit we got was tierce 
snow squalls, thermometer 37. Grain and meadows look 
well; pot a toes nearly all planted In this locality. The Han 
Jose scale has appeared In this neighborhood ; Onmson pltim 
seems to he Its llrsl object of attack. The black rot has 
Just about disappeared; now comes scale; any old thing 
to break monotony. i,. p, 
Cincinnati, (). 
The unusually warm weather In Ins-ember and January 
started fruit buds ho that the following, though not exces¬ 
sive, cold, killed practically all tin* peach buds In this 
vicinity. Most varieties of pears were also winter killed. 
In an orchard of 350 Klcffer pears I have not discovered 
a single live fruit hud. Japan plums shared the same fat**. 
European and native plums and cherries were unharmed, 
but a week of abnormally warm weather In March punned 
them along ho far that the following severe freeze lias 
greatly Injured these, to what extent we cannot yet say. 
Apples were not far enough advanced to be Injured as far 
as we have observed. c. wiookkhnbu. 
Wayne Co., O. 
VVe have had hut little rain since last Hepleinlx»r, so that 
crops not; cultivated under Irrigation or on low lying lands 
('lose to lakes, have boon almost failures, still (her© are 
many nice results from farm and truck gardening under 
these more favorable conditions, and there are IhotiHands of 
acres dose to lakes that can Is* Irrigated easily and huc'Ii 
will Is* thus utilized another year. The tobacco crop of 
Hurnutrn and Havana types Is now being planted out; In the 
llelds and water pul In each hill. Tills crop will come off 
In July and the land Is* used for Eall and Winter vegetables, 
sugar cane, Velvet beans, sweet potatoes, olnifas and peas. 
Htoek peas, also peanuts, do not fall, as rain Is always In 
time for them. w. m. i,. 
Ibid*- City, Ela._ 
CONNECTICUT AGRICULTURAL EDUCATION 
I would say In relation to the matter that theoretically It 
may apnear to Is* all right and best from the Governor’s 
standpoint, hut I am Inclined to think tin* consolidation of 
tin* two plants would not be as well for tin* Hlale ns It Is 
now run. If the work was to be started anew It might 
Is* as well to have It all carried on at one central place. 
The work of the Agricultural Experiment Htutlon, however. 
Is ho different from that done at Htorrs, that nothing would 
Is* gained materially by being together on one farm. If 
together there might he conflicting Interests and Jealousies 
which would tend to keep up unpleasantness not desirable 
In such a work. I cannot see that there would he any 
saving to the Htale by the union of the two. I believe It 
Is well to let “well enough alone." lOPWlN itov-r 
VVe have a Governor of the highest Integrity and sincerity 
of purpose; withal he Ih a successful business man, and I 
look upon this recommendation as an effort to overcome (Hill 
cuttles which we already feel, and to render tin* agricultural 
Interests which are fostered by tin* Hlale of greater service 
and more easily and economically managed. The purpose 
Is a right one, and we are all disposed carefully |o consider 
H. The Agricultural College, where It Ih now, has a splen¬ 
did farming location, and Is well situated to educate slu 
dents In agriculture. II being eight or nine miles from 
VVIIIImant lc, which Is (he iiioh) available railroad station, 
(nukes It dlfllcult of access, hut this objection does not apply 
very forcibly to the students, as when once there they are 
expected to remain. II does apply, however, to those who 
come and go, and It does Impair the usefulness oT the 
Instructors, who might be of greater service In other parts 
of Hu- Hlale Ilian they now are, through their attendance 
at. Institutes, etc. Keeping agricultural education of slu 
dents In mind as the llrsl object I believe II can Is* attained 
better where It Is than near the large centers. It costs 
more. I admit, and our Legislature Is not so wllilug to 
grant Htale aid to It as they would probably Is* If they 
could see H ofleiier. A trolley line from Vvlllimantlc to 
Htorrs. It seems to me, Is the feasible thing to supply. 
Connecticut has a number of societies receiving Hlale aid, 
among them the Itourd of Agriculture, which Is the oldest; 
tin* I»alrymen's Association, tin* Homological Hoclety, the 
I’oullrymen's Association, etc., each working Independently, 
though they often unite. Each society has preferred io 
manage Its own affairs, and each Is prosperous and satis 
lied. Tin* growth has been a natural one. They have 
been regular town m< cl lugs for Interest of the New England 
type. To Join them all In holding Institutes would Is* some 
economy llnanclall.v, particularly In traveling fees, but each 
society would want one big annual meeting by Itself. There 
Is no Jealousy between the societies, and the union of 
some kind could he effected, bill when It has been talked 
about of lute the societies have felt that they would rather 
work separately. niiiiman s. pi.att. 
GEDNEY FARM 
JERSEYS 
First Animal Auction Sale of 
Imported and American-bred Animals 
From thin FAMOUS HERD at 
Gedney Farm, White Plains, /V. V., 
On THURSDAY, May 3, ’07 
Included in the Sale will bo sonn and daughters of <J. F. Oxford Lad, sons 
of Hiiiinent lid. a non of Itrookhill Koho 2d. a son of Ooldon Sultana, 
da,iighteni of Ooldon .lolly, Leda’H Ooldon Lad, Hearty Fox, Flying 
Fox’s Foxhall, and many other famotiH Island wires. Many of tin: females 
are bred to G. F. Oxford Lad. For CATALOGUES, address 
LEANDER F. HERRICK, Sale Manager, WORCESTER, Mass. 
» 
THIS SCALE IS PERSONALLY 
GUARANTEED BY ME. 
Here’s My Hand on It 
After more than forty years experience as a scale-builder I am 
now able to offer you a five ton bridge trussed steel lever scale 
with platform 14 feet x 8 feet and a solid brass compound 
beam and beam box for $45.00 delivered to your station. 
All sizes from a postal to a track scale at an equally low 
price. All scales sold on trial. 
Write me for full particulars of this offer. 
JONES HE PAYS THE FREIGHT 
JONES OF BINGHAMTON, 
Box 422, Binghamton, N. Y. 
TRADE IN YOUR 
INFERIO R SEPA RATORS 
Many users who would like to change their inferior 
machines of various kinds for a new 
DE LAVAL CREAM SEPARATOR 
do not understand that while such second-hand machines 
have no salable value the He Laval Company makes very 
fair “trade” allowances or them, just to get them out of 
tile way and hy means of this practical Illustration of the 
difference between good and poor separators stop the sale 
of others like them in the neighborhood. Nobody is injured 
by the re-sale of these old machines as they are simply 
“scrapped” at their old metal value. 
Then there are many thousands of DE LAVAL users 
who should know that they may exchange their out-of-date 
machines of ten or twenty years ago for the very much 
improved and larger capacity ones of today. These old 
machines are re finished and sold over again to those who 
do not Litinlc they can afford the price of new ones. 
Write in a description of your old machine name, size, 
serial number, and date purchased or else see the nearest 
I)E LAVAL agent about it. 
The De Laval Separator Co. 
Randolph A Canal Slraola 
CHICAGO 
1213 A 1215 Fllbort Shoot 
PHILADELPHIA 
Drumm A Sacromonto Sla. 
SAN FRANCISCO 
General < Xlices: 
74 Cortlandt St. 
NEW YORK. 
173-177 William Slroot 
MONTREAL 
14 A 18 Prlncooo Slroot 
WINNIPEG 
io/ Pint Jt/Mj 
PORTLAND. OREG. 
