768 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
October 19, 
FARMERS' CLUB 
[Every query must be accompanied by 
the name and address of the writer to in¬ 
sure attention. Before asking a question, 
please see whether it is not answered in 
our advertising columns. Ask only a few 
questions at one time. Put questions on a 
separate piece of paper.] 
HIGH HEAT FOR CANNED GOODS. 
R. R., LouisvUle, Ky .—The bulletin of 
North Carolina Agricultural Department on 
canning fruits and vegetables says of certain 
vegetables to process them at 212 degrees 
Fahrenheit, and others at 240 degrees Fahren¬ 
heit. Is it safe to seal cans and subject them 
to 240 degrees? IIow much steam pressure 
will the ordinary quart tin can stand? Would 
it be safe to put a sealed can in the oven 
of a cooking range and heat it to 240 de¬ 
grees? By submerging a sealed can in 
water in a closed vessel can it be heated to 
240 degrees with safety? 
It would not be safe to put a sealed so- 
called quart (commonly known as a No. 
3 can) in the oven of a cooking range 
and heat it to 240 degrees. It would be 
likely to explode or at least start the 
seams. It can be raised to 240 degrees in 
a sealed retort under live steam pressure 
without bursting, for the pressure of the 
steam will help to equalize the pressure 
from inside the can. 
not buy that amount of unleached ashes 
for less than $200. We would use the 
ashes freely around fruit trees, and in 
seeding grass and grain, but would not 
use them on strawberries. With us straw¬ 
berries do not respond to lime. They 
seem to prefer a slightly acid soil, and the 
ashes neutralize the acid. A few readers 
report success in using ashes on berries, 
but the greater number do not find lime 
effective. 
WANT TO KNOW . 
Burying Stone Walls.—A few years ago 
much was said about burying stone walls 
and replacing them by wire. Can you tell 
men if that was feasible and less expensive? 
Worcester, Mass. J. e. b. 
Clearing Out Brush. —Tell R. A. E., 
Basking Ridge, N. J., page 87.8, that the 
easiest, quickest, most thorough and cheap¬ 
est way to clear any land of brush or even 
large trees is to get a barrel of coal-oil and 
put a faucet in it, and set it where it will 
be handy and then take a grub hoe and cut 
up a chunk of root six inches deep and at once 
pour a pint of oil in the hole and set fire 
to it. Go systematically over the ground in 
this way ; don't leave any holes to put the 
match or fire to later; it you do you’ll for¬ 
get some. This will be a very thorough and 
a permanent way; the land will be beauti¬ 
fully clear, the trees will never sprout again. 
I have cut down large trees and bored a 
hole deep in center of stump and filled with 
THE VAN CAMP PACKING CO. 
It is safe to put a sealed tin can in an 
oven or cooking range and heat to 240 de¬ 
grees Fahrenheit, provided you can get 
that temperature in an ordinary cook 
stove oven. It would, however, have to 
be a closed can hermetically sealed, or it 
can be placed in a wash boiler or other 1 
receptacle and boiled for a certain length 
of time, and it will stand the normal 
pressure that would arise under this con¬ 
dition, which would not be higher than 
212 degrees Fahrenheit or boiling point. 
Hermetically sealed tin cans are cooked 
or processed in a steam retort at a tem¬ 
perature sometimes of 250 degrees with 
boiler pressure of 12 pounds to the square 
inch; 240 degrees is the normal pressure 
used in a steam retort. The hermetically 
sealed cans will stand this pressure, but 
will bulge at both ends. After cooling 
a vacuum occurs, which will cause both 
ends to collapse, resuming normal condi¬ 
tion in which the cans are usually seen 
on grocer’s shelves. 
THE J. K. ARMSBY CO. 
In our opinion it would be hazardous 
to put sealed quart cans in the oven of 
a cooking range to be heated up to 240 
degrees, for the reason that the heat 
might run up higher very quickly and 
burst the cans and damage the range. The 
cans can be put in a closed vessel of water 
and steam admitted, and when the pres¬ 
sure has reached 10*4 pounds the degree 
of heat will be 240, or if the pressure 
went to 1514 pounds the degree of heat 
would be raised to 250. The ordinary 
quart can made out of tin plate that 
weighs 100 pounds base box of 112 sheets, 
14 by 12-inch size would stand a pressure 
on the average of about 40 pounds. 
_C. M. FENTON. 
Marsh Hay and Wood Ashes. 
S. B. H., Michigan ..—Is there any objection 
to marsh grass as a mulch around sod-grown 
apple trees? I have been, told that it will 
■our the ground. If this be so, will ashes 
correct the bad effects? Can I afford to 
pay $25 per year for from 25 to 35 loads of 
wood ashes from a sawmill a half mile dis¬ 
tant to apply to wheat crop before seeding, 
and around fruit trees and on small fruits? 
I can figure out the chemical value, but I 
want to know if I may expect results on a 
fairly rich Burr oak soil (sandy to gravelly 
loam), that will pay for ashes and hauling 
and give a profit besides. 
Ans.— No objection except the difficulty 
oi getting enough of such mulching. Few 
people realize how large a pile of mulch 
ought to go around the trees. Grass from 
a salt marsh might retard the growth of 
the trees somewhat but a fair dressing 
of lime will correct that. Wood ashes 
contain about one-third of their weight 
of lime, and thus are useful whenever 
lime is needed. We would like to have 
the chance to buy those ashes. We could 
oil and put a match to it. and the tree never 
sprouted after, and the trees and brush I 
had to fight were the locust and were a per¬ 
fect pest, growing worse each year until the 
land was worthless and fruit trees choked 
out. and before 1 thought of this way I paid 
out lots of money to clear the place, follow¬ 
ing this and that one's advice only to find 
I had thrown my money away. Try this 
wav and you will not have your work to do 
twice. M. S. MC MAHON. 
Bermuda Easter Lilies 
Plant now to flower at Easter 
Free anywhere in U. S. by mail or express 
5 to 7 inch size, each 15c. per doz., $1.00 
7 to 9 “ “ “ 25c. “ “ $2.00 
Hyacinths, Tulips, Narcissus and Crocus, 
imported direct from the most reliable 
growers, the cream of the Holland 
Nurseries. Gladiolus prlmu- 
linus type and. hybrids, new 
yellow SOX’tS (Catalogue p. 25). 
Our catalogue contains the most 
varied assortment of HIGH CLASS 
BULBS IN AMERICA. Send for it. 
We mail it free. 
J. M. THORBURN & CO. 
33 Barclay St., thro’ to 38 Park Place. 
NEW YORK 
This is the Booklhai will 
Increase Your fruit Prof its 
A DOLLAR 
BOOK FOR 
I CENT 
It tells how the veteran editor 
of Green’s Fruit Grower, who 
was first a banker, succeeded in 
Fruit Growing. It gives in detail, 
step by step, his thirty years sue- 1 
cess in growing strawberries, rasp¬ 
berries, blackberries, grapes, ap¬ 
ples, peaches, pears and cherries. 
He tells how to propagate fruit and 
shows beginners how to start. 
This 'BooKis Free 
also a copy of Green’s Fruit 
Magazine. Postal brings them. ‘ 
Green's Fruit Grovir Co., 
Box 100, 
Rochester, H. T. 
“PRESIDENT WILDER” 
THE BOSS COMMERCIAL CURRANT. 
PLANT IN THE FALL. 
For prices apply to the subscriber. 
S. D. WILLARD, Geneva, New York. 
APPLE TREES 
Finest stock grown; shapely vigorous, 
well rooted. BALDWIN and every 
other kind. 100 varieties. Immense 
number trees for 1907 planting. Good 
stock pays. We know what’s suited 
to your region. Let us advise you. 
We ship everywhere and guarantee 
safe arrival. Get our 1907 catalog. 
HARRISON'S NURSERIES, Box 29, Berlin. Maryland. 
BAKES 
A 
BARREL 
I OF 
FLOUI 
WITH 
ONE 
HOD 
OF 
COAL 
The above is a correct representation of the famous STERLING Baking Test 
performed daily by our bakers at leading dealers. Many of you have seen this 
exhibit and know that a $1,000.00 challenge* to duplicate this feat stood for 
years unaccepted by any of the numerous range manufacturers of the world. 
Thousands have witnessed the STERLING RANGE bake a Full Barrel of Flour 
into over 250 loaves of perfect bread with less than one hod of coal. Luring thil 
test the fire pot of the 
LINi 
,N< 
is but one-fourth full of coal, too. Sixteen pound loaves are baked at a*time 
with but one change, and that from top to bottom of oven. Just think, our bakers 
often delight in baking the last batch of sixteen loaves after the fire is entirely 
drawn, just to show the heat that’s retained in the STERLING through its patent 
flue system. This striking object lesson cannot help appealing to the reason of 
every rational housekeeper, and to demonstrate conclusively that the STERLING 
RANGE will Bake, Roast, or Cook, in any manner, with 
Less Fuel and in Less Time than any other range known. 
Ask for our booklet which contains all these facts and many 
more. We have a live dealer in your section who will tell 
you candidly the STERLING is bound to prove the best 
investment you ever made. Write Dept. A for free booklet. 
SILL STOVE WORKS, Rochester, N. Y. 
PEACHES £ FRUITS 
ARE BRINGING HIGH PRICES. 
You Had Better Plant Some Trees this Fall. 
We have them for sale. 
Address JQ S JJ BLACK, SON 6 CO., 
HIGHTSTOWN, N. J. 
rill I PROD 11108 FROM OUR MID-SUMMER 
FULL Unur STRAWBERRY PLANTS. Semi 
for List. Kevitt’S Plant Farm, Athenia, N. J. 
CALIFORNIA PRIVET « 
Trees, Shrubbery, &c. J. A. Roberts, Malvern, Pa. 
Nurseries Pay Cash Weekly 
and Want More Salesmen Every¬ 
where. Best Contract, Best Outfit, 
’ Largest Nurseries— with an 82-Year Record. 
STARK BRO’S, LOUISIANA, MO. 
EDIIITand Shade Tree* at WHOLESALE 
I I\IJI1 PRICES for fall delivery. Catalog free. 
Woodbine Nurseries, W. A. Allen & Son, Geneva, O. 
TREES -- PLANTS 
Fruit, Shade and Ornamental 
No Scale or Diseases 
Illustrated Catalogue Free 
P. J. BERCKMANS CO. me. 
Fruitland Nurseries, Augusta, Georgia. 
-Established 1856., 
APPLE BARRELS. 
Four Factories. 
Prompt Shipments. 
ltobt. Gillies, Medina, N. Y. 
77 S £6 
Specialties for 
Fall Planting 
Prepare your orders now. 
We offer for Fall 1!H)7 an unusually large 
and well grown stock of— 
Fruit Trees for Orchard and Garden. 
Ornninentnl Trees, Shrubs, etc., 
consisting of rare and beautiful species 
aud varieties for the embellishment of 
public and private grounds; Shade trees, 
Street trees and Flowering Shrubs, Includ¬ 
ing Lemolne’s marvelous New Double 
Lilacs, Deutzias, etc. 
The Rose is a specialty with us, and 
our assortments embrace all the old favor¬ 
ites as well as the newest kinds. 
Peonies, Phloxes and Iris. Of these 
showy, beautiful, hardy, easily grown 
plants, we offer the choicest kinds, also 
Hardy Plants, including the most orna¬ 
mental, flowering from early Spring till 
late Autumn. 
Our beautifully Illustrated Descriptive 
Catalogue—a manual indispensable to 
Planters, mailed free on request. 
ELLWANGER & BARRY 
Nurserymen—Horticulturists, 
Mount Hope Nurseries. Rochester, N. Y. 
DO YOU SHIP APPLES? 
If you do, ship them in the New York 
or Canadian Bushel Box made by 
South Side Mfg. Go,, Petersburg, Va, 
MC INTOSH and SUTTON BUSINESS APPLES 
Also Stayman, Wealthy, Cornell Baldwin, ami other leading varieties; all grown from selected bearing 
parents. Every tree “true as steel.” If you want to grow the finest apples in the w orld, our list of 
high--’--* — — J *---- ,, “ 1 w ’ 
ge. 
parents, ja<very tree uuc its bicci. xi yuu waui lu gruw wiu micBK *** mu ^ 
hieh quality apples will interest you, and our trees will start you safe. We are quoting special low prices 
in large lots, ROGERS ON THE HILL, Dansville, New York. 
FOR FALL PLANTING. 
We offer the FINEST and LARGEST assortment of 
Nursery Stock we have ever handled. All the best varieties 
of FRUITS and ORNAMENTALS that are healthy and 
native grown. HAlso have a fine line of selected large stock 
’ -■*■- — Let us give you a 
its branches. 
Cornwall, N. Y. 
THt WAY TO KILL SCALE 
Spraying the trees with Target Brand Scale Destroyer is a most effective means 
of getting rid of these pests. It is positively guaranteed to kill San Jose Scale 
Jg and similar parasites which rob the fruit-grower of his hard-earned toil. 
soluble 
oil, which, 
when diluted with 
water, may be applied with 
any good spray-pump, and 
while it is death to scale and other 
insects, it does no injury to the trees or 
their fruit-buds. It is a more effective and 
less expensive method than Lime-Sulphur Wash. 
Try it and you will be delighted with the results. Write 
for Free Spraying Catalog containing full information, and 
Bulletin “Dipping vs. Fumigation.” 
AMERICAN HORTICULTURAL DISTRIBUTING CO.. 
k Box 721 Martinsbnrg, W. Va. 
TARGET BRAND 
SCALE 
DESTROYER 
