8oo 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
November 2, 
FARMERS' CLUB 
f Every query must be accompanied by 
the name and address of the writer to in¬ 
sure attention. Before asking a question, 
please see whether it is not answered in 
our advertising columns. Ask only a few 
questions at one time. Put questions on a 
separate piece of paper.! 
KEEP THEM IN MIND. 
Do not forget that, the following members 
of the New York Senate voted against Gov¬ 
ernor Hughes in his efforts to remove the 
Superintendent of Insurance. Let it be a 
part of your political duty to remember them 
and vote against them whenever you have the 
chance: 
JOTIIAM P. ALLDS.Norwich, N. Y. 
ALBERT T. FANCHER-Salamanca, N. Y. 
S. P. FRANCHOT. .. .Niagara Falls, N. Y. 
S. PERCY HOOKER.LeRoy, N. Y. 
JOHN RAINES.Canandaigua, N. Y. 
SANFORD W. SMITH.Chatham. N. Y. 
WM. J. TULI.Y.Corning, N. Y. 
HORACE WHITE.Syracuse. N. Y. 
BBNJ. M. WILCOX.Auburn, N. Y. 
JOSEPH ACKROYD.Utica, N. Y. 
FRANK M. BOYCE_East Schodack, N. Y. 
SOME STRAWBERRY VARIETIES. 
The article by L. R. Johnson, page 751, 
leads me to offer a report of my experience 
with some of the varieties originated by 
Mr. Ilubach. The Excelsior, I think, was the 
first variety sent out, and is possibly the 
most extensively planted of any of his in¬ 
productions. While the Excelsior has its 
faults, it is still kept on the list here, be¬ 
cause I have not yet found a better extra 
early variety to take its place. Early Hatha¬ 
way, a few days later than the Excelsior in 
ripening, is one of the best growers among 
all the early varieties. The fruit is of fair 
appearance and quality. It ripens through a 
long season and for this reason is not much 
grown here, as the bulk of its crop comes off 
after Dunlap and other choice varieties com¬ 
mence to ripen. Also, from what I have seen 
of this variety, I am led to believe it to be 
identical with Texas. Has any grower ob¬ 
served any difference in these two varieties? 
Louis Hubach is a good cropper, but the 
fruit is rough and low grade. Anna Iluhaeh 
or Anna, has fruit long, conical and slightly 
flattened; good uniform size and shape, and 
a beauty in the box. Here the stem and 
calyx is very flimsy, often drying up before 
the fruit is fully ripe, which gives a bitter 
taste to the berry. Both the Hubaehs have 
been discarded here. Arkansas Black, sent 
out as the “strawberry without a fault 
plant a weak grower; fruit almost black, 
small and sour, and the biggest disappoint¬ 
ment of the whole lot. Peerless, one plant 
obtained from the originator produced more 
than 500 plants the first season. The plant 
is somewhat of the Gandy type. The fruit 
is a deep red color all the way through; 
firm and of a perfect conical shape, with a 
neck. Fruit stems strong and erect, and a 
heavy green calyx that stays fresh for a long 
time after fruit is ripe. Were it sufficiently 
prolific the Peerless would be a great berry. 
During the three years’ test here it has never 
given better than one-fourth the yield of 
Gandy. However, there are occasional plants 
with a full cluster of fine fruit. For the 
“pedigree” plant man who contends a variety 
can be permanently improved by selecting 
typical mother plants, here is a chance to 
prove his faith. Breed up the Peerless till 
it will produce with the Sample or even with 
the Gandy. 
Fremont Williams, a late variety of the 
Gandy type. Plant a good grower and free 
from rust. Fruit not quite so uniform in 
shape as Gandy, but the berry is larger and 
darker in color. It also sold ahead of the 
Gandy on the Indianapolis market the past 
season. One fault noted was that the stems 
are short, letting the fruit rest on the ground, 
this being responsible for the loss of much 
of the crop by rotting during a wet season 
like the past one. F. M. 
Carmel, Ind. 
Hair Waste as Fertilizer. 
IF. B., Columbus, O .—There is a sweat pad 
factory here that uses washed cattle hair for 
filling. The hair comes in bales from the 
tanners, and is put through powerful beat¬ 
ers. The refuse consists of very fine parti¬ 
cles of hair and fine lime-like dust, which 
goes into a dirt box and is thrown away. 
Has this refuse any value as fertilizer, and 
how much? Would it be worth hauling 10 
miles and spreading on land? As the greater 
part of it is hair, what would he the chem¬ 
ical action of hair on sandy-clay land? 
Ans. —Much of this waste hair contains 
six per cent of nitrogen and three per cent 
of phosphoric acid. A high grade fer¬ 
tilizer with such an analysis would be 
worth nearly $30, yet it is doubtful if the 
hair waste will be worth much more than 
the cost of hauling the 10 miles. That is 
because the plant food in this hair is not 
available until the hair has been thor¬ 
oughly decayed. We all know how long 
it takes for hair to decay. We would 
haul this hair during Winter, when teams 
are not busy, and put it around trees as 
a mulch, or use it in the stable or manure 
pile. It will make a fair absorbent back 
of the cattle, unless there is too much 
lime in it. As a bedding it will not prove 
satisfactory. It can be put in a compost 
of manure and muck or black soil,. 1 his 
will partly decay it. When plowed in it 
will slowly decay, having little effect upon 
the soil. The man who buys hair waste, 
expecting quick returns, is like one who 
buys mining shares which could not pos¬ 
sibly pay dividends for years. 
Light and Heat from Electricity. 
O. 8. B., Alpine, N. Y .—Can we generate 
electricity witli our windmills or the streams 
that run through our farms for the lighting 
and beating of our homes? 
Ans. —We have been unable to find any¬ 
one who has used a windmill success¬ 
fully for developing electricity. It is 
without doubt possible to harness a good- 
sized brook for that purpose. We shall 
tell how it was done on one farm in a 
few weeks. 
Farm Canning Factories. 
J. TF. L., Rome, N. Y .—Would it be profit¬ 
able to grow vegetables, fruits, etc., and can 
them and put them up in good shape, fresh 
and nice, the same as one would in her own 
kitchen? It seems to me that a person 
could make more out of 20 acres of good 
land in that way than any other farming. 
If there are any of your readers who could 
give their experiences in that kind of farm¬ 
ing I think it would be appreciated by the 
small farmer. 
Ans.—S ome of our readers have no 
doubt tried this. In the past it has been 
hard to compete with the cheap and adul¬ 
terated goods packed in some of the large 
factories. The passage of the pure food 
law will, we think, give these smaller 
packers a better chance, as they can guar¬ 
antee their products. 
Building a Small Greenhouse. 
A. R. R., Ballston Spa, N. Y .—I wish 
to build a small greenhouse for start¬ 
ing vegetable and flowering plants. Would 
a house be satisfactory similar to the 
diagram 30 feet long, heated by a stove at 
each end with pipe running from each stove 
to chimney at opposite end of house? Or 
would a hot water system such as is used 
in brooder houses do the work better ? 
Ans. —The chief objection to the pro¬ 
posed greenhouse is found in the fact 
that fully one-third of the roof would be 
composed of roofing material other than 
ffbo h'ng f Tt ' 5c a H 
f ertgft 
^<3 
glass, and the house would therefore not 
be light enough to give the best results. 
The sketch shows what is practically a 
three-quarter span construction with the 
short slope of the roof made of opaque 
material. A much more practical green¬ 
house would be one 10 feet in width, 
with the two slopes of the roof of equal 
dimensions and both composed of sashes. 
The hot water system of heating would 
be very much more satisfactory than any 
arrangement of stoves and four runs of 
two-inch pipe would keep a temperature 
of about 50 degrees in a house 30x10 
feet, provided the house is reasonably 
well built. w. H. TAPLIN. 
Forming a Partnership. 
I am thinking of uniting with a man in 
the conduct of a mercantile venture. Should 
we incorporate or form a copartnership? 
Virginia. J. it. mc. m. 
A corporation is an artificial person created 
by law to act as a natural person in some 
line of business, but as it is heavy, restricted 
and cumbersome, it is never advisable for 
a small concern to become incorporated ex¬ 
cept where perpetuity is desired, as in case 
of cemetery or church. If two or more per¬ 
sons wish to unite, a copartnership is de¬ 
sirable, as that would give them all the ad¬ 
vantages with few of the restrictions. See 
that the contract covers all points and is cer¬ 
tain. Bear in mind that each partner is 
agent for the firm, and may ruin it by bad 
management, also that each partner is liab’e 
for all the debts of the firm. Be careful with 
whom you unite as a partner. 
For the land’s sake use Bowker’s Fer¬ 
tilizers.—They enrich the earth.—Adv. 
Wire Fonce 90c 
48-in. stock fence per rod only ™ * 
Best high carbon coiled steel spring wire. 
Catalog offences,tools and supplies FREE. 
n Buy direct at wholesale. Write todav. 
C MASON FENCE CO. Boi67, Leesburg G. 
FENCE Mattel—-* 
JIadeof High Carbon Double Strength 
[Colled Wire. Heavily Calvanixed to 
prevent rust. Have ro agents. Sell at 
'factory prices on 30 days’ free trial. 
:We pay all freight. 37 heights of farm 
land poultry fence. Catalog Free. 
COILED SPRING FENCE CO. 
■Box 263 Winchester, Indiana 
Don’t'Stop 
to ask your neighbor to help lift a 
heavy load, stretch your wire fence, 
lift your injured or sick animals, 
butcher, or lift wagon-boxes—use a 
Burr Self-Locking Tackle Block 
and save your time and the labor of 
two or three men. Capacity 600 to 
6000 pounds. Ask dealer or write 
Burr Itfg. Co, 170 Viaduct, Cleveland, O. 
Keen Your Mone y 
_ H In Your Fist 
Don’t give us a cent until 
you are satisfied. Bushel crates 
handle economically your crop of 
potatoes, garden truck, fruits, 
etc. They’re best for stor- 
age. Tier them high as vou 
’ please; they hold a bushel 
even full. More time for 
other work, quicker ser¬ 
vice, more profit from bet¬ 
ter kept fruit, less sorting 
when you use Geneva 
Bushel Crates. Write 
for information how we 
send goods—no cash in 
advance. Book free. 
Geneva Cooperage | 
Co., Box 20. 
1/ Geneva. Ohio. 
TELEPHONES specially 
adapted to farm lines. Sold 
direct from factory. 
Book of instructions 
how to organize 
farmers and build 
line free. Write for 
Bulletin No. 319. The North 
Electric Co., Cleveland, O. 
Kansas City, Mo. Balias, Tex. 
Elite Oil 
A high grade, perfect 
bnrningoil. Neverfails 
to please where a clear, 
Strong light Is desired. 
Made from Pure Penn¬ 
sylvania Crude. Write 
for particulars and prices 
DERRICK OIL CO. 
Titusville, Penn. 
Bermuda Easter Lilies 
Plant now to flower at Easter 
Free anywhere in II. S. by mail or express 
5 to 7 inch size, each 15c. per doz., $1.00 
7 to 9 “ “ “ 25c. “ “ $2.00 
Hyacinths, Tulips, Narcissus and Crocus, 
imported direct from the most reliable 
growers, the cream of the Holland 
Nurseries. Gladiolus primii- 
linus type and hybrids, new 
yellow sorts (Cataloguep. 25). 
Our catalogue contains the most 
varied assortment of HIGH CLASS 
BULBS IN AMERICA. Send for it. 
We mail it free. 
J. M. THORBURN & CO. 
33 Barclay St., thro’ to 38 Park Place. 
NEW YORK 
7TOes 
Specialties for 
Fall Planting 
Prepare your orders now. 
We offer for Fall 1907 an unusually large 
and well grown stock of— 
Fruit Trees for Orchard and Garden. 
Ornninentnl Trees, Shrubs, etc., 
consisting of rare and beautiful species 
and varieties for the embellishment of 
public and private grounds ; Shade trees, 
Street trees and Flowering Shrubs, Includ¬ 
ing Lemoine’s marvelous New Double 
Lilacs, Deutzias, etc. 
The Rose is a specialty with us, and 
our assortments embrace all the old favor¬ 
ites as well as the newest kinds. 
Peonies, Phloxes and Iris. Of these 
showy, beautiful, hardy, easily grown 
plants, we offer the choicest kinds, also 
Hardy Plants, including the most orna¬ 
mental, flowering from early Spring till 
late Autumn. 
Our beautifully Illustrated Descriptive 
Catalogue—a manual Indispensable to 
Planters, mailed free on request. 
ELLWANGER & BARRY 
Nurserymen—Horticulturists, 
Mount Hope Nurseries, Rochester, N. Y. 
ISOMSE 
FARM AND GARDEN TOOLS. 
Save most time and labor. Do best work. Write for book. 
BATEMAN MFC. CO., Box 102, Crenloch, N. J. 
APPLE BARRELS. 
Four Factories. 
Prompt Shipments. 
Kobt. Gillies, Medina, N. V . 
New and Liberal Homestead Regulations In 
WESTERN CANADA 
New Districts Now Opened 
for Settlement 
Some of the choicest lands in the grain-growing 
belts of Saskatchewan and Alberta have recently been 
opened for settlement under the Revised Homestead 
Regulations of Canuda. Thousands of Homesteads of 
160 acres each are now available. The new Regula¬ 
tions make it possible for entry to be made by proxy, 
the opportunity that many in the United States have 
been waiting for. Any member of a family may 
make entry for any other member of the family, who 
may be entitled to make entry for himself or herself. 
Entry may now be made before the Agent or Sub- 
Agent of the District by proxy (on certain conditions), 
by the father, mother, son, daughter, brother or 
sister of un intending homesteader. 
“Any even-numbered section of Dominion Lands In 
Manitoba or the Northwest Provinces, excepting 8 and 
26, not reserved, may be homesteaded by any person 
the sole herd of ■ family, or male over 18 years of 
age, to the extent of one-quarter section, of 160 sores, 
more or less.” 
The fee in each case will be S10. Churches, schools 
and markets convenient. Healthy climate, splendid 
crops and good laws. Grain-growing and cattle¬ 
raising principal industries. 
For further particulars as to Rates, Routes, Best 
Time to Go and Where to Locate, apply to 
Superintendent of Immigration, Ottawa.Canada, or to 
THOMAS DUNCAN, Canadian Govt. Agent, Syracuse 
Bunk Bldg., Syracuse, N. Y. 
Thi s is the MM that will 
Increase Your fruit Profits 
BOOK FOR 
vi CENT. 
It tells how the veteran editor 
of Green's Fruit Grower, who 
was first a banker, succeeded in 
Fruit Growing. It gives in detail, 
step by step, his thirty years suc¬ 
cess in growing strawberries, rasp¬ 
berries, blackberries, grapes, ap¬ 
ples, peaches, pears and cherries. 
He tells how to propagate fruit and 
shows beginners how to start. 
, This Boosts Free 
also a copy of Green's Fruit 
\ Magazine. Postal brings them. / 
Green’s Fruit Grower Co., 
Box lOO 
Rochester, N.Y. 
TREES - PLANTS 
Fruit, Shade and Ornamental 
No Scale or Diseases 
Illustrated Catalogue Free 
P. J. BERCKMANS CO. me. 
Fruitland Nurseries, Augusta, Georgia. 
Established 
uw 
VllrF wj 
PjF Largest 
STARK 
Nurseries Pay Cash Weekly 
and Want More Salesmen Every¬ 
where. Best Contract, Best Outfit, 
’ Largest Nurseries—with an 82-Year Record. 
STARK BRO’S, LOUISIANA, MO. 
nil I PROD 1908 FROM OUR MID-SUMMER 
TULL Unur STRAWBERRY PLANTS. Send 
for List. Kbvitt’s Plant Farm, Athenia, N. J. 
FOR FALL PLANTING. 
We offer the FINEST and LARGEST assortment of 
Nursery Stock we have ever handled. All the best varieties 
of FRUITS and ORNAMENTALS that are healthy and 
native grown. HAlso have a fine line of selected large stock 
in ORNAMENTALS and FRUITS which will give results at once and sure to live. Let us give you a 
price on your wants before ordering elsewhere. HWe do LANDSCAPE GARDENING in all its branches. 
fWrite to-day for our FREE illustrated catalogue. T. J. DWYER & CO., Box 1, Cornwall, N. Y. 
MC INTOSH and SUTTON BUSINESS APPLES 
Also Stayman, Wealthy, Cornell Baldwin, and other leading varieties; ail grown from selected bearing 
parents. Every tree “true as steel.” If you want to grow the finest apples in the world, our list of 
high quality apples will interest you, and our trees will start you safe. We are quoting special low prices 
in Targe lots. ROGERS ON THE HILL, DansviUe, New York. 
