8c6 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
November 2, 
Live Stock and Dairy 
THE BACON HOG INDUSTRY IN 
CANADA. 
During the last decade and a half no 
branch of live stock has claimed so large¬ 
ly the attention of Canadian farmers as 
the bacon hog. In 1890 there were mar¬ 
keted about 200,000 hogs; last year the 
number was fully one and three-quarter 
millions, 75 per cent of which finds its 
way to the English market. In order 
that Canadian bacon shall not come into 
direct competition with the vastly larger 
export trade of the United States, our 
packers make a specialty in what is 
known as the “Wiltshire side.” This is 
the whole side of the hog with the head 
off, and cured in that way. In the large 
cities of Great Britain there is a well-to- 
do and fastidious class of customers who 
are willing to pay a high price for this 
lean and carefully prepared brand, and 
it is to these we are endeavoring to ca¬ 
ter; existing conditions being such as to 
compel us to keep out of the fat-hog bus¬ 
iness. 
To make Wiltshire sides, a hog is re¬ 
quired weighing from 160 to 220 pounds. 
He must possess good length from the 
back of the shoulder to the ham, because 
in retailing a side of bacon, it is there 
the most valuable cuts are found. It is 
also important that the shoulder and neck 
be not prominent, giving as it does a side 
that is heavy at the cheap end. Likewise, 
the belly meat being cheaper than the part 
above it, explains why a bacon hog 
should have a trim belly and a straight 
underline. Uniformity in thickness of 
the layer of fat along the back is another 
requisite. This should not exceed 1J4 
inch, maintaining the same thickness from 
loin to neck. What is wanted is not thin 
meat, but a lean, firm quality with plenty 
of tender muscle. To produce the best 
type of hog for bacon much depends on 
a judicious selection and mating of breed¬ 
ing stock. By a series of experiments at 
the Ontario Agricultural College a con¬ 
clusion was reached, that of the various 
breeds of swine, those must suitable for 
producing export bacon were the York¬ 
shire, Tamworth, Berkshire and their 
crosses. It is absolutely essential that 
the boar should be purebred. Moreover, 
he should belong to a family noted for 
its general excellence in those qualities 
we wish to reproduce, and himself pos¬ 
sess those same qualities in a high de¬ 
gree, in which case he is likely to give 
good results. In selecting the sow, apart 
from the question of fecundity, which 
should not be lost sight of, it is well to 
adhere pretty closely to type. In so do¬ 
ing extremes should be avoided. One 
that falls away just behind the shoulders 
should not be selected, as it generally in¬ 
dicates a weakness of constitution, and is 
a conformation to which the packers of¬ 
fer very serious objection. She should 
also be evenly and symmetrically propor¬ 
tioned from tip to tip, with no one point 
abnormally developed at the expense of 
any other; have a quiet, contented dis¬ 
position, and be a good feeder. 
Intelligent mating having received due 
attention, the question of feed plays a 
very important part in the production of 
bacon. One of the greatest defects in 
quality with which our packers have to 
contend, is the tendency of some sides to 
turn soft during the process of curing. 
Numerous experiments have shown that 
this is caused to a very large extent, by 
the practice of exclusive meal feeding, es¬ 
pecially when the hogs are confined in 
pens from birth to the time of marketing. 
Moreover, variety in diet, and a moderate 
amount of exercise are conducive to eco¬ 
nomical gains. When the young pigs are 
weaned, which is generally from four to 
six weeks old, every care is taken to 
prevent them receiving a setback. The 
hog being a grazing animal, their natural 
desires are acquiesced in by giving them 
access to a rape, clover, or other pasture. 
Skim-milk and shorts fed in conjunction 
with this are feed par excellence for de¬ 
veloping bone and muscle. As they grow 
older the rations are varied by introduc¬ 
ing such grains that may be at hand, as 
peas, barley, oats, etc. It is not best to 
rely entirely on any one grain, as none 
is sufficiently balanced to constitute the 
proper ratio of digestible nutrients, and 
a small percentage, only, would be utilized 
in building up the animal structure. Un¬ 
til they reach maturity, the pigs are kept 
growing continually. In Summer the pas¬ 
tures are depended on for the bulk of 
their feed, and roots during Winter, 
these being supplemented with a little 
grain and by-products of the dairy. When 
it is desired to finish them for market, 
the grain allowance is increased and the 
succulent food decreased; thus any ten¬ 
dency to lay on fat may be easily con¬ 
trolled, a firmness is imparted, and the 
cost of production so reduced as to leave 
a good margin of profit in favor of the 
producer. 
A question not unfrequently raised in 
this connection is whether it costs more 
to produce the bacon hog than those of 
the fat type. That there is any fixed re¬ 
lation between the type of a pig and the 
cost of producing 100 pounds increase in 
weight, it has been found impossible to 
demonstrate. If a pig is thrifty, has a 
good constitution and good digestive or¬ 
gans, it can make good use of its food, no 
matter to what type it belongs. Individ¬ 
uality has been shown far more effective 
in determining the cost of production; 
the whole problem thus resolving itself 
into a question of selection, and clearly 
proves how important it is to perpetuate 
only the best. As previously stated, the 
short, fat breeds are unsuited to our con¬ 
ditions. They have been evolved in the 
great corn belt of the Middle West for 
the purpose of converting corn into lard, 
for which there is but little demand in 
Canada. To compete for a share of the 
export trade in fat pork products would 
be folly. Our interests are centered in the 
lean type. We have a reputation to 
maintain and a demand to satisfy. By 
feeding large quantities of cheap, green 
food economy and quality are promoted, 
and incidentally the farmer’s cash ac¬ 
count. J. HUGH MCKENNEY. 
Ontario, Can. 
During the course of a geography les¬ 
son recently, the teacher asked the fol¬ 
lowing question: “Who can tell me what 
useful articles we get from the whale?” 
“Whalebone,” promptly replied a boy. 
“Right. Now, who knows what we get 
from the seal?” “Sealing-wax!” shouted 
a little girl.—Harper’s Magazine. 
“No; I’ve nothing for you,” snapped 
the woman. “Why don’t you look for 
work?” “Madam,” responded the appli¬ 
cant for a handout, “no later than this 
morning I read of a man near here who 
starved to death while looking for work. 
I do not desire to annoy this hospitable 
community by expiring in its midst.”— 
Philadelphia Ledger. 
JACKS 
Imported Catalonia, Majorca and Kentucky Mam¬ 
moth Jacks and Jennets, saddle horses, trotting 
and pacing stallions, Poland China and Tamworth 
Hogs. Our importation of Spanish Jacks which 
arrived August 12th, are the largest and finest ever 
brought to the United States. Our herd of Tam- 
worths are headed by the first and second prize 
Boars at the Royal Show in England. Our catalogue 
is the finest ever issued by any Jack breeder. Write 
ns your wants or visit our farms. 
J. F. COOK & CO.. Lexington, Kentucky. 
BRANCH BARN : Greenville, Texas. 
10,000 ferrets from selected breeders. Pcr- 
’ feet workers. They exterminate rats, 
drive out rabbits. 48 p. illus’d book and price 
list free. s FARNSWORTH, Middletown, Ohio. 
PFPRPTQ - Raise3insma]1 are strong and 
I tflnC I O healthy; warranted good rat and 
rabbit hunters. Also, a few choice Pox '1’errier Pups. 
For descriptive circular and price list, write 
SHADY LAWN FERRET FARM, New London,Ohio 
English Berkshire Pigs $5 to $8; pairs not akin 
$15; Shropshire Ram Lambs cheap; Pekin Ducks, 
Bf. Orp. cockerels $1. W. A. Lothers, Peru Lack, Pa. 
O. I. C. PIGS. 
Silver Premium Stock; Aug., Sept, and Oct. farrow: 
10 weeks pigs $24 trio with pedigree; Brood sows $25 
each. F. J. SCHWARTZ, East Pharsalia, N. Y. 
rnp oil p-DUROC jersey red swine. 
lUll wlibC Stock of all ages. Some nice hoars 
ready for immediate use; finest herd east of Ohio 
River; also some choice rams for sale; Delaine 
Merinos long wool and heavy shearers. Address 
J. H. LEWIS & SON. Cameron, W. Va. 
IMPROVED LARGE YORKSHIRE PIGS 
Several young Boars ready for service. Both sexes, 
three to six months old. All A1 stock. Prices, $10 to 
$25. Also, a few young Cheshire Sows. 
SAMUEL FRASER, Manager, 
Fall Brook Farms, Geneseo, N. Y. 
rtXFORD SHEEP, CHESHIKE SWINE-Sows 
in farrow; Fall Pigs 8 and 12 .weeks; Ram and 
Ewe Lambs, older Ewes. All stock eligible to reg. 
HOMER J. BROWN, Harford, Cort. Co., N. Y. 
F OR SALE—Registered Dorset and Delaine Rams; 
1 Short Horn Bull Oalf 5 weeks old. Poland 
China Pigs. J. D. MeKNIGHT, R. 1, Bakerstown, Pa. 
TEN REGISTERED SHROPSHIRE EWES. 
2 and 3 years old; sired by imported ram; bred to im¬ 
ported ram. FRED VAN VLEET, Lodi, New York. 
nrn OUDflDOUIDCC —I now offer a splendid 
MLUi onnuromned, lot of Ram Lambs bred 
from imported stock of the highest type. Address 
W. F. BLACK, Halls Corners, Ont. Co.. New York. 
SHROPSHIRE SHEEP. 
Choice Imported and Home-bred 
Aged Rams, Ewes and Ram Lambs. 
Get our prices, etc. before purchas¬ 
ing elsewhere. 
NUTWOOD FARMS, 
R. F. D. 4 - - Syracuse, New York. 
IMMUNITY FROM TUBERCULOSIS 
with Prof, von Behring’s BO VO VACCINE 
Over 100,000 bovovaccinations performed. Records prove complete suc¬ 
cess, and Bovine Tuberculosis, the "great white plague” finally conquered! 
BOVOVACCINE 
is easy of application and within the means of every breeder, 
dairyman, etc. Write for details. Don’t postpone. 
C. BISCHOFF <S CO., 451 and 453 Washington St., N. Y. 
GREENWOOD HERD HOLSTEINS. o 
Hcado.l bv our famous hud Mill PRINCE YMBA SPOFFORD whose dam,Tml.a Sd’s Pledge Plothllde sold for *6000, has A. K. O. 
record of 643.9 Ihs. milk, :so.38 lbs. butter In 7 days, 2629.3 lbs. milk, 121. 34 lbs butter In 30 days, 100.5 lbs. milk in 1 day. Hla hire a 
dam Katr Himfford Corona holds World's champion Jr. 3 year old record of 590.65 lbs. milk, 26.02 lbs. butter in 7 days. 
Write us your needs in Holstein* or come and select for yourself, (either secures an honest and satisfactory deal) ^ 
E. H. KNAPP & SON,. 
Route 1, FABIUS, N. Y. 
IEDCEVQ— Brown Bessie and Blue Belle strains, 
JL flu L I 0 6 cows, 12 heifers and 3 hulls. 
EDWARD WALTER, West Chester. Pa. 
GUERNSEY BULL CALVES 
8 to 12 months. Price, quality and breeding O. K. 
W. A. ALEXANDER, Union Springs, N. Y. 
ENGLISH BERKSKIRES 
We now offer for immediate delivery a limited 
number of high class young boars, ready for service 
and a splendid bunch of young sows. Also young pigs. 
They are the large, vigorous, prolific, early maturing 
kind for which the 
KAL0RAMA FARM HERD 
is noted and will be sold at reasonable prices. 
CALVIN J. HUSON, Penn Yan, New' York. 
SPRINGBANK HERD 
LARGE BERKSHIRES 
A fine bunch of Sows coming a year 
oid by Grand Premier, No. 80005, bred to Baron Duke 
85th. No. 91215. A son of Premier Longfellow, No. 
68600, Grand Champion at St. Louis in 1904. Booklet 
on application. J. 1C. WATSON, Marbledale, Conn. 
I 
STONE FARM BERKSHIRE SWINE. 
ll/C nerm - 6 Spring Gilts, 4 Yearling 
W r“ llrrrn Sows and 4 Full Age Sows. 
" L u 1 1 1 All brod to choice boars for Feb’y 
and March farrowing. Also offer 2 full age boars 
at low price. Will sell one yearlihg son of Master- 
iece 77000, and one fall hoar by Longfellow Premier 
’itts 89100. For choice summer and fall pigs write to 
RICHARD H. 8TONK, Xrumansburg, N T . Y, 
Reg, P. Chinas, Berkshires & G, Whites 
8 wks. and older, mated not akin. 
Service Boars, have stock returned, 
refund money if not satisfactory. 
Reg. Holsteins. Heifers, Bulls and 
m EARM Berkshire Hogs and Jersey 
IrtnlVI Cattle; stock for sale; always on 
hand. M. L. BEN11AM, LeRoy, Ohio. 
BERKSHIRE PIGS From HIGHCLERE STRAIN 
farrowed July 9, $6.00. Beautiful Collie Female Pup¬ 
pies, $5.00. HAWTHORN FARM, Wiiliamsville, N.Y. 
BERKSHIRES. 
American and English Breeding. Matings not akm. 
Descriptive catalogue on application. 
WILLOUGHBY FARM, Gettysburg,Pa. 
DUR0C-JERSEY HOGS 
WE OFFER A CHOICE LOT OF 
Write for Prices and Pedigrees. 
SOAPSTONE FARM, Haverford Pa. 
nimnnO —Service boars, Sows open or bred to 
U U nU UO order; pigs not akin, $0 and $8; never had 
a dissatisfied customer. J. W. Campbell, Fairpoint, O. 
It’s “Pounds that count.” Buy Jersey Red 
Pigs—the rapid growers. Strong, vigorous, 
small-boned, long-bodied. Nine months 
pigs often dress 350 lbs. Buy a pair now. 
Get quick profits. Circular Free, 
i A. J. COLLINS, Box R , Moorestown, N. 3. 
fHF<sHIPF«i the new york 
WI1 • - O 1 I 1 FARMERS’ HOG. 
Hardy; prolific: strong fine boned; quickgrowersand 
easy keepers. Young stock for sale. Department of 
Animal Husbandry, Cornell University, Ithaca.N. Y. 
PUCOUIRCO—THK WHITE. BACON HOG. 
UR LONIIILO Long - bodied, Square-built, good 
grazers, good mothers, gentle, profitable. 
MORNINGSIDE FARM, Sylvania, Pa. 
LARGE IMPROVED ENGLISH YORKSHIRES. 
from best Importation. Address 
A. A. BRADLEY, Frewsburg, New York. 
O fl PIGS FOR SALK-6, 8 or 10 weeks 
■ li III old; 60 to 80 lbs., $15.00 pair. Selected 
Boars at $8.00 each. Shipped to any address on 
receipt of price; they are beauties. Address 
D. H. HAMIL, Walker, New York. 
ANGUS 
CATTLE AND POLAND CHINA fQR 
10 young bulls—30 pigs. p*l C 
Address MYER & SON.Bridgeville, Del. oALt 
REGISTERED RAMB0UILLET RAMS. 
C. W. HALLIDAY, Route 2, Hammondsport, N. Y. 
SHEEP 
SWINE 
Shropshire, Hampshire, Oxford 
and Delaine Rams and Ewes, 
low down, heavy bodied and 
well wooled. 
Chester White and Cheshire. 
A choice lot of young' boars 
and sows. 
E. S. HILL, Freeville, N. Y. 
STAR FARM HOLSTEINS 
3rd Bargain Counter Sale now on. 
TWO HUNDRED HEAD. 
Greatest Offering. Lowest Prices. 
Send for illustrated Bargain Counter. 
Free to-day Address 
HORACE L. BRONSON, 
Department D, Cortland, New York. 
REGISTERED H0LSTEIN-FRIES1AN COWS and BULLS 
FOR SALE 
AT FARMERS' PRICES. 
I have eight or ten cows for sale, young, nicely 
marked, heavy milkers and perfect in every respect. 
Have herd of over forty head and must reduce num¬ 
ber to make room for younger ones which are nosy 
coming on. 1 am offering to sell these cows under 
agreement that if any of them should drop a bull 
calf the purchaser may exchange same for heifer 
calf if desired. 
I have also a number of handsome BULLS for sale, 
sired by Sir Segis Inka Posch, No. 38406, one of the 
famous bulls of the country, backed by many large 
official records. These bulls are from two to ten 
months old, large of their age, handsome, straight ani¬ 
mals, guaranteed right in every particular. If price 
and breeding are satisfactory will ship on approval, 
and if animal does not prove satisfactory as to indi¬ 
vidual qualities he may be returned to me at my 
expense. Pull pedigrees and information on request. 
P. B. MG LKNNAN, Syracuse, N. Y. 
BULL CALVES and YOUNG BULLS 
ready for service, that are of good size and individ¬ 
uality. All are from officially tested dams, and are 
sired by Homestead Girl I>e Kol’s Sarcastic 
Lad. We have sixty daughters of this Bull that 
will be kept in the Herd and officially tested. 
Write for description and prices. 
WOODCREST FARM, 
Rifton, Ulster County, New York. 
THE BLOOMINGDALE HERD OF 
HOLSTEIN-FRIKSIANS. 
are bred for large production. Good size, Strong' 
Constitution, Best Individuality. 
If these are the kind you want write or come to see; 
them 125 to select from. Animals of both sexes, 
and all ages to oiler at prices that will please you. 
A special offer on some nicely bred Bull Calves.. 
A. A. CORTELYOU, Somerville, N. J. 
HOLSTEIN COWS, HEIFEKS and CALVES;: 
** fine individuals, richly bred. Address, 
Springdale Stock 1’arm, Wyalusing, Penn.. 
P UREBRED Registered Holstein Yearling 
Bull For Sale. Price $75. Highly bred. Pedi¬ 
gree and photograph on application. Address 
Madison Cooper, 400 Court St., Watertown, N. Y. 
ALL ABOUT HOLSTEINS 
Send for free illustrated pamphlet describing 
this great breed of cattle. 
F 1 L i ^gUGHTON ii Sec^^Brattleboro i Vt^ 
F OR SALE— Pure bred Holstein Friesian Heifer 
and Bull Calves. The best goods for the least 
money. Write promptly. 
W. W. CHENEY. Manlius, New York. 
WOODWARD’S WATERING BASIN 
A STABLE NECESSITY. SEE WHAT OTHERS SAY OF IT. 
Circulars Free. 3. 8. WOODWARD A SON. LOCK PORT. N.Y 
Knucy of 
EDWARD 
R esist'd Jersey Cattle, Lin¬ 
coln, Shropshire. Hamp¬ 
shire and South Down Sheep; 
Chester White, Poland China 
and Berkshire Pigs; Scotch 
e Dogs and a variety of 
Poultry. Come see my 
and make your own 
selections. Send 2c. stamp 
130891 tor New Catalogue. 
WALTER, West Chester, l’enna. 
I AIIRFI FARM JEKSEY catt le only j 
LHUHLL I nil 111 Do not ask us what we have for 
sale but tell us what you want. We will not try to sell 
you something different. Laurel Farm,Hamilton,N.Y. 
R 
JERSEY CATTLE, 
BERKSHIRE HOGS, 
. F. SHANNON, 907 Liberty St., Pittsburg, Pa. 
AYRSHIRE CATTLE OF AVON. 
As I am making arrangements for my next trip to 
Scotland, I have a few very choice young Imported 
Cows, also Heifers and Bulls from Imported Sires 
and Dams, which I will offer at very attractive prices 
in order to make room for my next importation. 
Write for prices, etc., or call and see them. 
W. P. SCHANCK. Avon. New York. 
Aubrey Farm Berkshires. 
Our herd is headed by Lord Premier of Aubrey, an 
own son of the Great Lord Premier. We are offering 
some of his get, also a few sows in pig to him at 
attractive prices. 
J. G. & J. L. STACEY, Geneva, N. Y. 
