1907. 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER. 
811 
A PRIZE-WINNING JERSEY BULL EVENTS OF THE WEEK. 
The Doings of a Director. 
Our greatly respected friend, the Country Gentleman, may 
usually be depended upon to hit the wrong target, like the 
man who shot at a deer and killed a cow. In a recent 
issue our respected friend, in praising Mr. Dawley, says: 
“But it is worth noticing that when Mr. Dawlev took 
hold of the work the attendance was only about *45,000 
in a year, and last year, with but $5,000 more appropria¬ 
tion, it was 137,000, and the interest better than ever 
before. He has been by far the most successful director 
of institutes the State has ever had.” 
Very likely these figures are correct, although we imagine 
Hawley did the counting. No one need question Mr. Daw- 
ley’s ability as an organizer. He may also be considered 
an expert as a teacher in business matters which have to 
do with breeders and farmers. The great value of 
Mr. Dawley’s teaching is that he uses living examples 
and actual experience to illustrate his theme, instead of 
relying upon theory and class-room work. As a novelty this 
Winter we suggest a new lecture from him. 
For example, a few years ago Mr. Dawley advertised in 
the Country Gentleman a service bull, which he claimed 
had won first prize as a calf at the New York State Fair. 
Naturally such a winning would greatly increase the value 
of the bull, since a buyer would suppose ho came into com- 
petition with the very best Jerseys in the State. Here we 
have one of the essential principles of doing business in 
live stock. First you should have an animal of the highest 
breeding, and exhibit it so as to win prizes. Mr. Dawley 
very modestly refrained from telling just how to win such 
prizes. We are sorry for this, because that seems to be an 
essential part of the business. When a man’s modesty is 
such that he will not give such information, it is necessary 
to find it in other ways, so we sent to Albany that the 
fair records might be examined. The report made to us 
by a trustworthy man is as follows : 
How to Win First Prize. 
“No. 301% bull calf, under one year, first premium, F. 
E. Dawley; no names or registry number given The en¬ 
tries had evidenily been made after the other entries had 
been closed, as the other exhibitors’ entries were printed 
with name and registry number, and in some instances the 
name of sire or dam, while Dawley’s were entered in ink.” 
Mr. Hawley evidently held this calf for about a year 
after winning the prize and then, as we have said, adver¬ 
tised him in the Country Gentleman. Our friend, Mr II 
G. Manchester of Connecticut, was impressed with the great 
bargain offered in this case, and he jumped at the chance 
°f buying a prize-winning Jersey bull for the small sum 
of $00. Mr. Manchester has a herd of some 90 cows, and 
is very anxious to increase the quality of his milk, as he 
has a high-class trade in both milk and ice cream A 
prize-winning bull ought to be just tile thing to use in his 
herd. (Mr. Pierce on page 794 says a single win ought 
to add $50 to the price.) The price seemed low, but the 
high reputation of Mr. Hawley both as a breeder of Jersey 
cattle and as an honored official of the New York State De¬ 
partment of Agriculture assured him that buying this bull 
was almost like picking money out of a milk pail. We will 
let Mr. Manchester tell his own story, as he does in the 
following statement: 
Some Details of the Case. 
“This is to certify that four years ago at about this season 
Mr F. E. Dawley advertised in the Country Gentleman a 
bull fit for service y the same a first-prize winner as a young' 
thing at the New York State Fair. Mr. Hawley agreed to 
deliver this bull at our station, express paid, registered 
transferred and full pedigree for $60. We sent him check 
for the bull, and in a few days received a letter stating that 
the calf would be shipped on such a date then at hand. We 
immediately wired him that we had not bought any calf, 
but a service bull, and under no conditions would receive 
a calf. He wrote us that in writing calf he had referred to 
the service bull. The bull came later, and was the strang¬ 
est Jersey bull we had ever seen as to the color, being a 
solid red-colored animal. He agreed to send registry papers 
and pedigree, and what purported to lie a registration of 
the animal came, but no pedigree, and though we wrote 
him twice asking for same could never get it out of him.” 
On looking over such papers as Mr. Dawley sent we find 
that the records show that the bull was dropped February 28 
1902; that he was transferred to Manchester November 5, 
1903, but that he was not registered with the A. J. C. C 
until two months later, or January 7, 1904. We have 
heard of a man who always rode on the last platform of the 
last car so as to get the interest on his ticket just as Ion" 
as he could. Possibly there is something of this same idea 
in the plan of winning prizes with unregistered Jersey bulls, 
and then transferring them later and not having them reg¬ 
istered for a month or two after the transfer. We don’t 
know about that, but it would be an excellent topic for Mr. 
Hawley to discuss in the lecture we have suggested. The 
price seems a little low for such an animal, but it seems 
fair to assume that Mr. Dawley was very anxious to im¬ 
prove the dairy stock of Connecticut by sending this valu¬ 
able prize-winning animal away at the low price of $69. 
Ihere is another part of the business of breeding purebred 
cattle, which is very important. A satisfied customer is, 
by all odds, the best advertiser a man can have. Some 
four years, or 1427 days, after the bull was sent, Mr Dawley 
evidently became impressed with the desire to learn how 
this bull turned out, so he wrote Mr. Manchester the fol¬ 
lowing letter: 
A Letter and the Answer. 
“In November, 1903, you had a bull calf from me, and I 
should be glad to know how he has turned out and what suc¬ 
cess you have had in breeding Jerseys. From past corre¬ 
spondence I judge that the registry and transfer papers 
were promptly received, and that the transaction was en¬ 
tirely satisfactory. For many years part of my operations 
have consisted in breeding and selling Jerseys and with 
one exception, so far as I know, I have always been able to 
satisfy my customers. I have certainly always been anxious 
to please them and give them good value 'for the money 
which they have invested. I shall be pleased to know 
what success you have had with the animals which you had 
from me and will appreciate your early reply in the en¬ 
closed envelope.” 
No doubt, in the lecture we have suggested, he will show 
this letter and also copies of answers which have been 
received to it. We do not like to anticipate a lecture of 
this kind, but it may interest our readers to read the reply 
wmich Mr. Manchester sent. Therefore we give it below: 
“In reply to your favor of 8/23, ’07, in regard to bull we 
purchased of you in November, 1903, would say that you are 
rather late in your inquiry as to how we liked the animal’ 
Had you been as solicitous then perhaps you would have 
sent us the pedigree you promised, and which we twice 
wrote you for, but could never get. We at least should 
a cons 'd er ably higher opinion of you than we have 
.i. ^ ae P resen t time. The bull long since went for beef, 
W’here he should have gone before we ever saw him.” 
It is not likely that this bull can now be summoned back 
from the beef barrel to serve as an object lesson, but the 
incident of his prize winning, his sale and registry, in all 
seriousness form the material for an excellent lecture on the 
business side of live stock breeding. 
I think in Iowa we have about 250,000,000 bushels o 
corn, or about 80 per cent of last vear’s crop and about 6< 
per cent of an average crop, with perhaps 5 to 10 prr cen 
or soft corn in the southern part of the State, and 20 to 4( 
per cent In the northern part, I believe the final report) 
will bear opt tbl» estimate, bbnsy wa&lacs. 
DOMESTIC.—Damage suits aggregating $75,000 will be 
filed against the city of Colorado Springs, Col., in connec¬ 
tion with an automobile accident of September 17, in which 
three men were killed and six injured. The chauffeur of 
the party is under indictment for manslaughter caused by 
recklessness. . . . The discovery of a passbook of the 
Second National Bank of Pittsburg showing a credit in favor 
of Mrs. Cassie Chadwick, who died in prison recently, of 
$305,000 has caused Nathan Loeser, trustee for the woman’s 
creditors, to believe that she has a large sum of money 
hidden away among the banks. An investigation will he 
made to disclose if possible other assets. With the Second 
National passbooks were others containing credits for smaller 
sums on the Ifincoln National Bank to the Knickerbocker 
Trust Company of New York, the Corn Exchange Bank of 
New' York and three Cleveland banks. There always has 
been the suspicion that Mrs. Chadwick had more money 
than she seemed to have while she was in the penitentiary. 
Trustee Loeser declares that whatever is left of the estate 
belongs to the creditors and not to the heirs, and he will 
make a fight to obtain the $305,000 and other sums which 
may be disclosed to the credit of Mrs. Chadwick. . . . 
During the 127 days the Peace Conference at The Hague 
lasted the delegates had 317 dinners given in their honor, 
including those from the diplomatic body accredited to The 
Hague. The dinners cost altogether $523,600. The most 
expensive were those given by Senhor Barbosa of Brazil, who 
on several occasions spent for flowers alone $1,600 to $2,000. 
The general expenses sustained by the governments amounted 
to $2,970,000; including $1,125,360 spent for telegrams. 
. . Indictments were returned at Santa Fe, N. M.. by the 
Federal Grand Jury against the firm of Phelps, Dodge & Co., 
of New Y’ork for coal land frauds in San Juan County. 
This firm owns a large tract of coal land in that section, as 
does the Southern Pacific. Nineteen other indictments were 
returned, one of them for an attorney for Phelps, Hodge & 
Co. and one for former Territorial Engineer Wilson. . . . 
The Administration announced October 21 the seizure by the 
Government of property in Virginia belonging to corpora¬ 
tions allied with the American Tobacco Company. The 
seizure amounted to only about $7,000. but the novelty of 
the proceeding is none the less striking, for it is the first 
instance in which the Federal Government has invoked 
section 6 of the Sherman anti-trust law, which permits 
seizure of trust goods, although that statute was enacted 
more than 17 years ago. Hundreds of prosecutions have 
been made by the Government under authority of the Sher¬ 
man law and some of the most radical measures of the 
Koosevelt Administration have been instituted under its pro¬ 
visions, but up to this time section 6 has been a dead letter 
so far as any action by the Department of Justice is con¬ 
cerned. . . . The Supreme Court at Washington October 
21 granted a writ of certiorari to review the judgment of 
the Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit in affirming the 
imposition of fines of $15,000 each on the Cudahy Packing 
Company, the Armour I’acking Company. Swuft & Co., and 
Morris & Co. for accepting rebates from the Burlington road 
on shipments of meat products transported to the seaboard 
for export. The packers attacked the constitutionality of 
the Elkins law', under which the fines were assessed, and 
also the validity of trying the cases in the western district 
of Missouri, when the alleged offence was committed in 
Kansas. The cases will not come up for argument before 
next Fall unless advanced out of turn. . . . Fire which 
started in a factory at Park and Washington avenues, Brook¬ 
lyn. N. Y., October 22, damaged eight other buildings in the 
vicinity, causing a loss of $150,000. . . . Frost formed 
over the Tidewater trucking belt of Virginia October 21, and 
beans, green peas, potatoes and other crops sustained heavy 
damage The frost will result in greatly decreased shipments 
of truck to northern markets this Fall. 
FARM AND GARDEN.—Two hundred and fifty dollars 
was the record price paid October 17 for a single ear of corn. 
The ear. a “Boone County White,” was knocked down to the 
highest bidder in an auction at the National Corn Exposition 
at the Coliseum, Chicago. The purchaser, who at the same 
rate per ear would have paid $15,000 for a bushel, was the 
man who raised it, L. B. Glore, a farmer from Franklin, Ind. 
The ear was one of ten that took the sweepstakes in their 
class. 
The second annual meeting of the National Association of 
Hairy Instructors and Investigators was held in Chicago, 
October 11 in connection with the National Dairy Show'. 
Twenty-three men were present, representing 10 different 
States. Following President Pearson’s address the programme 
was composed largely of reports of the various committees, 
including “The Dairy Score Card,” “Official Testing of Dairy 
Cows,” “Relation to the National Dairy Show,” “Courses of 
Instructions,” “Experimental Work in Production,” and “Ex¬ 
perimental Work in Manufacture.” New committees were 
appointed on “Official Tests,” “Standards for Dairy Products,” 
“Co-operative Work,” and “Cow Test Association.” Several 
new members were taken into the association, which now 
numbers about 50. The old officers were re-elected as follows: 
Prof. R. A. Pearson, Cornell University, president: Prof. 
Oscar Erf, Kansas State College, vice-president; and Prof. 
C. B. Lane, U. S. Dairy Division, secretary and treasurer. 
The next meeting will he held at Cornell University next 
Summer in connection with the Graduate School of Agri¬ 
culture. 
The New York State Association for the Promotion of 
Agricultural Science and Research met at the State College 
of Agriculture, Cornell University, October 9, and elected the 
following officers: President, F. D. Ward, of Batavia ; sec¬ 
retary, J. D. Jacquins, of Watervliet. treasurer, T. B. Wil¬ 
son, of Hall’s Corners: executive committee, F. H. Godfrey, 
of Olean, Master of the State Grange; H. B. Stevens, of 
Tula, of the Patrons of Husbandry; W. C. Barry, of Ro¬ 
chester, president of the Western New York Horticultural 
Society, and T. B. Wilson, of Hall’s Corners, president of 
the State Fruit Grower’s Association. 
The East Tennessee Poultry Association will hold its 
third annual meeting in Knoxville, Tenn., January 7-11, 
1908. Judges are Loring Brown and D. M. Owens. Several 
hundred dollars in cash and special prizes, ribbons and cups 
will be offered. Among the latter are three beautiful silver 
’oving cups offered by The Industrious Hen Company, Knox¬ 
ville. The American, S. C. Brown and White Leghorn clubs 
will meet there at that time. Send for full information to 
John T. Oates, secretary, Knoxville, Tenn. 
The thirteenth annual meeting of the Georgia Dairy and 
Live Stock Association was held at Griffin October 15-16. 
The fifty-third annual meeting of the Western New York 
Horticultural Society will be held in Rochester, N. Y., 
January 22, 23, 1908. 
The thirty-first annual convention of the New York State 
Dairymen’s Association will be held at Malone, December 
10-13. Thomas E. Tiquin, secretary, Shelburne, N. Y. 
IOWA FARM NOTES. 
The Summer has been cool, with an excess of rain. Vege¬ 
tation has been backward all the Summer. For most of 
August and fore part of September the weather was quite 
cool, with nearly a continuous northwest wind, but the last 
few days the wind got around into the south, and the 
thermometer up near 90 in the shade. The way it is making 
corn is truly wonderful. It looked doubtfui for a time 
whether our corn would ripen. If this weather continues for 
a few days more we shall have a fine crop of corn. I have 
great faith in Iowa’s soil and climate to produce corn; I 
never knew a failure here yet. Oats were a light yield. 
What little wheat there was sown yielded well Hay and 
pastures very good. Apples very small crop: no plums; 
strawberries, blackberries and grapes a fair yield. I picked 
the last dish of blackberries September 11. first dish of 
grapes (Worden) September 14, so you see the season is 
backward. Pastures are fine, nearly as good as in Tune 
Wheat sells for 90 cents per bushel; oats, 48 cents; corn 
57 cents; butter, 24 cents per pound, hogs $5.75 per hun¬ 
dred. A neighbor sold his farm a few days ago for $100 per 
acre. The farm is situated 4% miles from a small town on 
the Mississippi River; it is about an average farm for this 
part of the country as to soil and improvements; a good 
house, two small barns, well, windmill, fair fences. While 
tWs Is a good price I do not tWok be cao buy a cheaper farm 
in Iowa, soil Improvements and conveniences to market the 
same. I have a brother who sold his farm in the western 
part of the State, no'better buildings, no better land, about 
the same distance from town, for $120 per acre. Land has 
been advancing here for the last five years. I do not think 
it has reached the top yet. Our land is a black loam, 
underlaid with yellow clay, limestone beneath, free from 
stone, sand or stumps, permitting us to use all kinds of im¬ 
proved farm machines. Commercial fertilizers of any kinds 
are never used her. Rotation of crops, clover and a 
herd of cattle are our way of keeping up the fertility of 
our land. This is not a fruit country compared with some 
other parts, still we raise apples, grapes, strawberries, rasp¬ 
berries, blackberries, plums and some years peaches, enough 
to supply our own wants. Corn and grass are our main 
crops. With these we raise and send to market every year 
about 5,000,000 cattle, 6,000,000 hogs, near 11,- 
000,000 of eggs. $30,000,000 of butter and cheese, besides 
much more. This is a goodly land, and I am not going to 
sell my farm and move out of Iowa into any other State to 
farm. I believe Iowa is a poor State to move away from. 
Jackson Co., Iowa._ b. d. 
FRUIT GROWING IN WASHINGTON AND 
BRITISH COLUMBIA. 
In the regions of Yakima and Wenatchie, and other points 
in the great valley of the Columbia, are situated the principal 
producing centers of the hardy fruits in this State, espe¬ 
cially of the apple and pear of the highest quality and type. 
In my trip to the Eastern States of a year or two ago, I 
found these fruits of the fancy and highest priced trade more 
often from these points than otherwise. Some of these 
orchard lands are held at what seem fabulous prices, sales 
of orchards in full bearing being quoted at even $2,000 per 
acre, and that figure has been given as the value of but 
one crop of the fruit on an acre in a favorable season. And 
one of the veracious (?) chroniclers, of the type of newspapers 
common here now in their work of boosting the State, has 
given the amount of the sales this season from one-half acre 
of pears as reaching the $4,000 mark, or $8,000 per acre. 
For the production of a high class Winter apple and pear 
it may be said that there is no doubt these localities stand in 
the van with the best producing sections of the world, if 
they are not in the lead as regards natural conditions. In 
the growing of the commoner, earlier ripening and more 
perishable varieties of these fruits a hundred other points 
in the State make as good a showing. 
A couple of hundred miles north, just across the British 
Columbia line, there is a section where orchard planting is 
attracting a good deal of attention, and where fruits of the 
apple and pear have now for a series of years carried off the 
honors at the great London shows against the whole world; 
also at our own interstate fair, at Spokane, when shown they 
have occupied a first place. The writer, having a curiosity 
to see the developments going on there of late, made a 
six or eight-day visit early in the present Autumn months 
to the region of Grand Forks, B. C., and particularly to the 
200-acre orchard of the Covert estate. This is situated in a 
wide extended portion of the valley of the Kettle River, a 
tributary of the Columbia, about 1,800 feet above sea level, 
or about the altitude of the city of Spokane. The valley 
here is surrounded by a vast amphitheatre of hills, so that 
it is protected from any high winds, the dry fleecy snow 
of Winter, usually 20 to 24 inches in depth for six or eight 
weeks, never blowing about or drifting. The Kettle River 
itself occupies a wide cut of some 200 feet in depth below 
the valley proper, giving the best of air drainage to the 
orchard lands. As to exemption from late or early frosts I 
noticed that corn and tender plants, while being frosted at 
Spokane, were yet green and growing here. The orchard 
has a good irrigation system from a mountain stream a few 
miles distant, and though trees and crops make a fairly 
good growth and showing without, it is needless to say that 
no fruit of the high class referred to can be produced here 
(or elsewhere for that matter) without a full flow of water 
upon the soil in the dry period when the fruit drains upon 
the soil for its fullest development in the late Summer. 
Comparing this point with the best orchard districts in the 
State of Washington, I note the following: Because of the 
dryness of the atmosphere there is a total absence of fungi. 
None of the more injurious insect pests, such as the San Josd 
scale, Codling moth, etc., are here. In the largest fruit 
districts of this State the growers have to spray as much as 
six times during the season with arsenicals to ensure im¬ 
munity from the moth. This point has the finest railroad 
facilities; two transcontinental, besides several other lines 
of road, centering here. Because of the tariff protection the 
buyers of the Canadian Northwest cities offer higher prices 
for the fruit than across the lines, and this being a great 
mining center there is a fine local market. I was much im¬ 
pressed with the appearance of some of the choicer late 
varieties of apples, as grown there. Especially was this the 
case with the McIntosh Red. It seems possible that at some 
time this may take a leading place among the dessert fruits 
m the London market. j. p. cass. 
Washington. 
THE OKANAGAN VALLEY.—I have just got back from 
a short trip to the Okanagan Valley which is about 160 
miles east of Vancouver though nearly 500 by rail. It is 
certainly a wonderland and splendidly demonstrates what 
irrigation will do in the “dry belt.” Fancy a maiden lady, 
with hardly any help, raising (amongst other crops) over 
10 tons of tomatoes on half an acre of ground. This alone 
will net her nearly $1,000. Then she had melons, beans, 
onions, and other vegetables, besides, on her 10-acre ranch. 
Another ranch, where they have large glasshouses for rais¬ 
ing early plants, is reported to have made $1,500 per acre 
out of their tomatoes. This last place is fronting on the 
Okanagan Lake. A little farther north, at Armstrong, $1,500 
per acre is the reported return for celery crop, while apples, 
peaches, pears, plums and small fruits all pay handsomely. 
Vancouver, B. C. h. t. t. 
IOWA ALFALFA.—That Iowa Alfalfa field is still grow¬ 
ing. Two good crops were cut this season, and now the third 
is ready. The trial patch is spotted. The seed was sown 
on ground from which oats had been cut the same season; 
a good many volunteered that Fall, and wherever such was 
the case, the Alfalfa is missing, but where a good stand was 
secured the Alfalfa seems to grow stronger and quicker after 
cutting. I think if the Clark method of cultivating and 
sowing more seed had been followed a good stand would have 
covered the field. I believe in breaking the crust of the 
ground, and the dust method. The owner, however, is not 
discouraged. Another trial field was sown this Fall, and is 
looking well. Part of this tract has received the wash 
from the barnyard for 30 years. Oats always fall down 
and corn grows immense. A part is also sandy, a ridge, so 
a good chance is given to test on the three soils: first the 
clay of the first field, second, the black rich loam, and the 
sandy ridge. How deep this sand is we don’t know, but 
water must be about 10 to 12 feet. We read a while ago 
in The R. N.-Y. about dwarf trees, apple, for general plant¬ 
ing. Can any of your readers give results and name variety 
and stocks; age when coming into bearing and yield per tree'? 
Iowa - m. p. w. 
year the best time to select seed corn. While the corn is 
standing in the field, go through the field and select the best 
ears, and have in mind the normal growth of stalk Have 
an eye to the condition of the stalks nearby; select ears 
that grow close to ground and that droop over as they 
mature. This is very important in wet seasons, as the water 
cannot run in and damage grain. I think this plan of se¬ 
lecting seed corn the most satisfactory way possible. See 
that this corn is well dried out before freezing weather, and 
then in the Spring before planting time go over this seed 
carefully and discard all unsound ears. Rub off the little 
end by hand. I am of the opinion that it would be better 
to take off some of the butt ends, then I have a grader that 
takes out all irregular and round grains, so as to insure a 
regular drop with planter. I sometimes make my selection 
in this way, and then plant a small piece with some of this 
select seed away from all other corn, and then select the 
best seed from this the following year, though it is not 
necessary to do this every year. We are far enough so’>th 
not to be bothered about oup cqjtjj pot drying out sufficiently 
before freezing weather, w. b. tdsjtsb. 
