1007. 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
941 
TWO PERTINENT JERSEY QUESTIONS. 
Did Dawley buy grade Jersey heifers from F. D. 
Squiers? 
Did Dawley sell any of these grades to Rogers and 
others as purebred cattle? 
The public will readily admit that no one is better 
qualified to answer the first question that F. D. Squiers 
himself. Having been with these cattle until they left 
his farm to go to Dawley’s he must have known 
them well. We see, therefore, from what follows 
that Mr. Squiers is as well qualified to answer the 
second question as any other man, except, perhaps, 
Mr. Dawley. Other men who saw the cattle de¬ 
livered at Dawley’s and worked with them for months 
corroborate Mr. Squiers. 
Now when Mr. Squiers saw that famous tirade in 
the Country Gentleman (see last week's paper) he 
felt as hundreds of other farmers did—only “more 
so.” He had reason to object to this foolish insult 
about “the tittle-tattle of dishonest and discharged 
stablemen.” He was never discharged by Dawley. He 
is living on a farm which has been occupied by the 
family for over 100 years. There is no better Ameri¬ 
can pedigree—including a century of character fully 
equal to that of Mr. Tucker. When Mr. Squiers read 
that famous tirade he wrote Mr. Tucker what he 
thought of Dawley and gave straight answers to those 
two questions. Did The Country Gentleman in its 
great desire to print “all the facts” thank him and 
proceed to tell the public? No! With its customary 
sneer and insult it sent the letter back and advised 
Mr. Squires to send it to The R. N.-Y., which it in¬ 
formed him, would “gloat over it with great joy.” 
So Mr. Squiers took their advice and we now print 
the facts regarding this famous case which The 
Country Gentleman has refused. We omit some per¬ 
sonal references to The Country Gentleman and to 
Mr. Dawley which certainly would not give those 
worthies cause for “gloating.” 
The Questions Squarely Answered. 
Editors Country Gentleman. 
Dear Sirs.—Since reading your article on page 1173 
and some of your letters to your subscribers and 
others, I am convinced that it is your purpose to 
dodge the issue and shield Mr. Dawley as much as 
possible without exciting too much unfavorable com¬ 
ment from your readers. You knew several months 
ago that it was possible for you to obtain all the 
facts about this now famous Jersev cattle controversy 
and if it is not for the agricultural papers to expose 
frauds and more especially when they are working 
their nefarious games through the columns of said 
papers, then what in God's name are they for? Never¬ 
theless, I am going to give you in detail my transac¬ 
tion with Dawley and say to you frankly that when 
you say in your letter to my neighbor, “That the 
identity of these cattle sold to Rogers by Dawley has 
not been proven,” you have been misinformed or else 
it is a malicious falsehood, as I have been to Roger's 
place and positively identified them as cattle that I 
sold Dawley as grades. 
In regard to the A. J. C. C., I will simply say that 
they have my transaction with Dawley in full, as I 
have seen and talked with Mr. Darling, also one of 
the executive committe. If you still maintain that 
there is nothing to investigate and that you speak 
with authority for the club, why has Mr. Darling 
said, if this matter is not fixed up he should not 
remain president of the club? Also that he thought 
that Rogers’ cattle, one and all that came from Daw¬ 
ley should be thrown out of the A. J. C. C. records? 
In November, 1903, I purchased of Mr. Dawley a 
bull, then about 10 months old and said to be a pure¬ 
bred animal, at any rate I got his registry papers. 
The following Spring I happened to be in Syracuse 
and as I had never met Mr. Dawley and had read 
and heard a great deal about him, thought it a good 
opportunity to make him a friendly call. I found 
him to be a very affable gentleman. I expressed a 
desire to sometime have a purebred registered herd 
of Jerseys and asked him to name a price on some of 
his animals, which he did, selecting the ones he wished 
to sell. I told him that I had no thoughts of buying 
at that time; that before I did I should have to dis¬ 
pose of some of my grade stock. He asked me what 
I had that I would like to sell and I told him I had 
20 head of grade heifers ranging in age from eight 
months to three years and that 11 of them were then 
in milk. I also gave him a price on them. He said 
there was a milk dealer near him “that wanted him to 
get him some grade Jerseys.” As I expected to come 
back that way in a few days he said he would see 
this milkman and that if I would stop on my way 
back he thought we could make a trade for some of 
his purebreds for some of my grade heifers. I 
stopped on my return and after a good deal of parley¬ 
ing with this alleged milkman over the telephone 
about who should pay freight on these animals, also 
claiming that he would have to take the milkman’s 
note for one year for the 20 head, we agreed to ex¬ 
change my 20 head of grade stock for six head of 
purebred Jerseys registered, transferred and pedigreed. 
I had to write several times for the papers and finally 
got them after three or four months. A finer lot of 
grade stock no one ever saw than these 20 head were. 
They got their disease after they left here. In about 
six weeks one of the six cows I got of Dawley aborted 
within about a month of her time. I immediately 
wrote Mr. Dawley about this cow and he answered 
me that it was very strange that he had never had a 
case of abortion in his herd and I surely had never 
had a case of it in my herd but from this one case 
I had 25 out of 35 abort inside of eight months and 
three of the Dawley cows died with tuberculosis inside 
of two and a half years—one of them died of that 
disease in less than eight months. I repeatedly wrote 
Dawley about this and the abortion and finally came to 
the conclusion that I had been swindled and that I 
would not put up good money for bad to try and get 
any of it back, and so the matter was practically dropped 
until by chance I found out that the cattle sold to 
Rogers by Dawley were supposed to be the identical 
ones I sold Dawley as grade stock. As a matter of 
fact I have been over the whole ground with others, 
and among other swindles f conclude that I was 
duped the worst of any of them as I am informed 
and believe that at least three of the six cows I pur¬ 
chased, or rather traded for, with Dawley were falsely 
registered, one being a cow that he sent an employee 
to a neighbors auction to buy telling him not to pay 
over $30 for-her; one was a substitute for a cow that 
died with pneumonia some two years before my pur¬ 
chase, and another was a well-known cow, substituted 
for a cow we were unable to find trace of, as we 
could not find that Dawley ever had a real cow by the 
name, and this was supposed to be the dam of the bull 
I purchased of Dawley the Fall previous. Of course, 
if this cow was flying under false colors the bull I 
purchased as her calf was bogus. I also find that 
in the years 1901 and 1902 Dawley had an epidemic 
of contagious abortion in his herd. 
Before I took these cows I asked Mr. Dawley if 
he ever had any disease in his herd, and he said that 
he had not. _ f. d. squiers. 
A “FRATERNAL” INSURANCE MAN TALKS. 
On page 891 I note the insurance item from G. C. W. 
referring to the great good tiling he lias in his 20-pay¬ 
ment life policy for $2,000, annual premium $79,00. on 
which, he has paid 15 years, or $1,194. As I have worked 
insurance, both old line and fraternal, at times in the 
past, twenty-five years I cannot resist, the temptation to 
“butt in. - ’ In computing the premium on this policy the 
expense loading is fixed at $19.64 annually for 20 years. 
The (assumed) mortality cost increases annually from 
$19.96 at age 41 to $40.40 at ag - o 55, consequently the 
annual reserve contribution decreases being $40 at age 
41 and only $19.56 the fifteenth year after. The prem¬ 
ium on this as well as all other policies issued by an 
old line company is divided into three parts—mortality 
cost, reserve cost and expense cost. In this case the 
first year's mortality assumed to be $19.96, reserve 
$40.44, expense $10.64. 
The total mortality collect ion for the 15 years has 
been $419.00. an average of about $2$ annually, or $14 
per $1,000 insured. Any respectable fraternity can sell 
15-year term insurance at age 40 for that price and make 
money at it. 
The total reserve payment has lieen $479.74 : total col¬ 
lection for expenses, $294.60. Had G. C. W. carried 
fraternal insurance for $2,000 at $28 annually (which 
is almost double what I have paid for the same amount 
in the last 15 years, being now 55 myself) and deposited 
the saving of premium, $51.60, annually at only 4 per¬ 
cent. compound interest he would now have $1,172 in cash 
at his command and as G. C. IV. figures, his insurance 
would have cost him $1.47 annually instead of $4.36. 
But had he died during the fourteenth year his bene¬ 
ficiaries would have got $3,100 instead of the $2,000 the 
old line company would have paid him. Had he died 
at any time after the first year with the fraternal policy 
and deposit named he would have bettered h.s present 
condition. As his expectancy when insuring was about 
28 years, if he continues he must pay out $398 in next 
five years to complete his contract, and it will probably 
be eight years or more after that before the eompany 
will have to pay the policy Let him consider the loss 
of interest he will suffer in that 13 years, and remember 
that interest works night and day In making his state¬ 
ment he ignored this feature entirely. u. tv. d. 
Illinois. 
RESOLUTIONS OF THE N. Y. DAIRYMEN. 
Below is given a statement of the outcome of the Dairy¬ 
men’s meeting at Malone. President W, W. Hall, at the 
end of his address, offered the following: 
Whereas, It is known to the manufacturers of full- 
stock cheese that a practice is becoming quite general of 
so treating curd from pure milk that from four to five 
per cent, of artificial water is incorporated with it, and 
Whereas, The present brand used on fuli-stock cheese 
should not be permitted to bo used on such cheese, and 
that it is desirable that the consumers of cheese should 
be informed of this process of adulteration, therefore be it 
Resolved, First, that the Legislature should so amend 
the agricultural law that by a process of branding every 
person who purchases this article of food can rely upon 
its purity. Second, that every person who incorporates ar¬ 
tificial water in the curd in the process of manufacture 
from pure milk, or from partly skimmed milk, shall brand 
on the cheese with a label that cannot he obliterated, in 
letters one-half inch square, the words “Skimmed Gheese, 
Soaked Process” and “Full Cream Cheese, Soaked Pro¬ 
cess’’ with proper penalties attached for its violation. 
The committee on resolutions, however, modified the 
conclusion as follows: 
Resolved, That the out-going president of the associa¬ 
tion shall appoint two persons to act with him as a com¬ 
mittee to investigate the cheese product made by the 
so called “washed curd process” and report to the next 
meeting of the association what action, in the opinion 
of the committee, the association should take with refer¬ 
ence to this product. 
Other resolutions were adopted pledging support to the 
National Dairy Union in its efforts to prevent legislation 
detrimental to the dairy interests, to the National Cream¬ 
ery Bnttormakers’ Association : inviting the National 
Dairy Show Association to hold its next meeting in New 
York: urging lhe Legislature to make a sufficient appro¬ 
priation to the State Fair Commission to enable it to 
construct proper buildings for the exhibit of all the agri¬ 
cultural products of the State; asking that it maintain 
the State department and State College of Agriculture 
on a liberal and efficient basis; also the School of Agri¬ 
culture at St. Lawrence University: and finally that the 
dairy division of the United States Department of Agri¬ 
culture be raised to the dignity of a bureau. 
Officers were elected as follows: President, Dr. W. H. 
Jordan, Geneva; vice-president, Prof. H. IT. Wing, Ithaca; 
secretary, Thomas E. Tiquin, Sherburne; assistant secre¬ 
tary, R. C. IT. Fowler, Ithaca; treasurer, W. E. Griffith, 
Madrid; directors, H. A. Rees. lAJwvllle; J. D. Fred- 
eriksen. Little Falls; W. N. Giles, Skaneateles; E. A. 
Powell, Syracuse; Prof. R. A. Pearson, Ithaca, and J. IT. 
Harkness, Delhi._ 
NOTES FROM SOUTHWEST MISSOURI. 
The fruit crop in southwest Missouri was prolrably the 
most complete failure this year ever known. Even that 
old stand-h.v. the Ben Davis apple, failed to produce a 
crop. Possibly it had become discouraged by the re¬ 
peated hammerings it lias received from The R. N.-Y. 
About all the fruit raised was a fair crop of strawberries, 
some blackberries and a few grapes. This is an excellent 
strawberry country, and large quantities are raised in 
the region between Springfield and the western line of the 
State. The prices received were usually good the past 
season and growers were satisfied with the returns. In 
this immediate vicinity a severe drought during July and 
August injured the growth of new plants so that the 
prospect for next year is below the average. The apple 
market was supplied during the Summer and Fall from 
Arkansas, but prices were high, the fruit retailing from 
40 to 65 cents per peck. Later the market was filled 
with apples from the Western States and they are selling 
at high prices. At the present date. November 23, dealers 
are handlinrr some California fruit, but most of the apples 
on the market are from the East, some from as far east 
as New Hampshire. These are sold nt about $4 per barrel 
wholesale for Baldwins. Ben Davis, from Arkansas, are 
held just now at $4.75 to $5 per barrel. 
Peaches were plentiful during the entire season, the 
supply coming from Arkansas, but it look money to buy 
thpm. $2 per bushel beins; as low as good stock was sold 
in bulk, while basket slock was still higher. The market 
has been, and is still, well supplied with pears from 
California, and California grapes were to be had in their 
season. The Utah and Montana plums retailed in our 
market for 35 cents per basket. New York grapes are 
now seiing for 35 cents per basket. 'I’ll is is the greatest 
zinc and lead producing region in Hie country and the 
miners eat even if prices are high. The high prices paid 
to miners and to laborers in the limestone quarries, with 
the short hours which constitute a day’s work, make it 
very difficult to procure help for the farms and truck 
gardens, for once a miner a man is always a miner 
until bis bealtli fails or an accident ends Ills career. It 
is almost an impossibility to get a miner to do farm 
work, so more and more of the produce consumed is 
shipped in from other regions each year. The market is 
supplied with home-grown potatoes onlv during the months 
of June, July and August, the supply for the remainder of 
the year coming from Minnesota and Colorado, with a 
few from Oklahoma i'n the early Spring. The same time 
limits apply to home-grown cabbage, the supply in the 
Spring coming from the South and selling at about five 
cents per pound. Northern cabbage sells from two to 
five cents per pound during the Fall and Winter, this 
year a little - under those figures. Large quantities of 
tomatoes are brought here in the early Summer from Texas 
and southern Arkansas, which sold at retail the past 
season from 15 cents a pound down to 7' . cents. Celery 
comes from Michigan about August 1. and the later sup¬ 
ply comes from the West, arid it usually sells from 7 % 
to 10 cents per stalk. Very little celery is raised here, as 
the blight and dry weather make it a difficult crop to 
handle. Wheat and its products are the exports from 
our country in the grain line, and horses, mules and fat 
cattle in the stock line, with a few hogs for a variety. 
Sweet potatoes are raised to some extent, while consider¬ 
able quantities come from the counties lying north of 
us, which produce a better quality than grown here on 
account of a more sandy soil. Taken all together this 
is a good country for the small fruit grower and truck 
gardener. The principal drawlwicks are the liability to 
droughts in midsummer and the high price of labor. The 
recent financial disturbance, however, may somewhat re¬ 
lieve the latter situation, as some of the mines have shut 
down because of the drop in the price of ore and miners 
are idle in consequence. Our market prices for truck are 
usually equal to those of any market west of the Missis¬ 
sippi River and frequently higher. i>\ a. hubbard. 
Jasper Co., Mo. _ ' 
CROP PROSPECTS. 
We have had a very beautiful Fall here in Cedar Coun¬ 
ty. Crops and prices have been very satisfactory, 
although they have taken a set-back since the financial 
finny; especially has it affected the price of hogs and 
cattle. Prices of hogs have dropped from $6.25 to $4.25, 
and fat cattle about $1 per hundred. Corn is selling 
at the sales from 50 cents to 60 cents per bushel ; oats 
from 40 to 45 cents; potatoes about 73 cents. Farms 
are changing bauds at $30 to $150 per acre, according 
to improvements and location. Rents are from $,3 to 
$6 per acre; most tenants now pay cash rent. Some 
are selling the high-priced land here and going to places 
where land is cheaper, some South, others Northwest 
and East. d. o. f. 
Atalissa, la. 
Harvest weather was good, and with a side delivery 
rake and loader we soon put up fifty-five acres of hay 
without wetting a single acre. But the drought in August 
killed the potato crop. Seasonable rains softened the 
oat stubble for fall plowing and the wheat, which fol¬ 
lows oats in our rotation, looks better than I ever saw 
it before. A remarkable feature of the season was the 
almost entire absence of noxious insects. I did not see 
one Colorado potato beetle nor any woolly aphis, and 
other insects were conspicuously absent. But we have 
the Codling moth ever with us, and I am now finding 
their gray cocoons in every conceivable spot through my 
25 acre orchard. These will batch in May to destroy 
next year’s apple crop. Apples are a failure this year, 
through the wet weather which interfered with polloniz- 
ing the blossoms. Farm animals of all kinds are scarce, 
high in price and much in demand. Most farms here 
combine dairying with general farming in order to 
get a steady weekly income, and without this resource it 
would he hard to make ends meet. Social facilities, such 
as telephones, trolleys, macadamized roads and rural 
delivery, have been a long time coming here, but are now 
slowly extending. Our first killing frost was on the morn¬ 
ing of October 1. The whole of October was cold and 
we have now bad a two days' cold rain. Potato digging 
is finished and corn husking is in progress. Thrashing 
is completed and the straw is stacked in a huge stack 
in the barn yard to bed the horses and cattle in Winter. 
Prices (Dec. 12) are good: Apples, $1 to $2 per bushel; 
potatoes, 80 cents; oats, 65 cents; corn, 82 cents; wheat, 
$1.10; flour, $1.40 per sack, chop and middlings, $1.60 
per cwt.; hay, $16; butter, 35 cents; eggs, 36 cents; 
dressed pork, 10 cents; live chickens, 15 cents. 
Pennsylvania. J. c. j. 
Wire Fencing.- —In your campaign in the interest of 
better wire the fact was noted that the lower wires in a 
fence are frequently observed to be In better condition 
as to galvanizing than the higher ones. Recently in repair¬ 
ing a smooth wire < No. 9) fence which runs through a 
marshy place I found the lower wire where it was almost 
entirely concealed by the marsh grass hanging over it 
to have a fair amount of galvanizing on it, while the 
other wires were entirely rusted over and quite brittle. 
This fence has been built about 11 years and the wires 
appear in worse condition as to strength and toughness 
than those of annealed wire in a fence built six and seven 
years earlier. a. s. w. 
Winchester, Ya. 
R. Y.-N.—This was noticed by Prof. Cushman and ad¬ 
vanced as an argument to prove his theory that rusting 
of wire is caused by an electric action. Prof. Cushman 
claimed that when the wire is carelessly made manganese 
was unevenly distributed through the other metal, thus 
forming a weak electric battery which helped break up the 
wire. 
The Law of Brush Burning.—“A California law for¬ 
bids building a fire on one’s own land without first ob¬ 
taining a permit from a fire warden. It is said that a 
Japanese was fined $25 for burning potato vines on an 
80-acre field.—R. N.-Y. page 892. 
You don’t need to go so far to find such a law as 
that. New Jersey has a law that requires a person to 
get a permit of the fire warden before he burns brush in 
the Spring of the year. Two men in this county—James 
Ilallet of Hainesburg, and Albert Smith of Delaware, 
were arrested last Spring and fined $50 each for not 
observing the law. They refused to pay the fine. The 
case would have been tried at the last term of court had 
not the defendants’ lawyer been siek. How many men 
were fined and paid their fine without protest is not 
known. The law was enacted in the interest of forestry, 
its object being to prevent irresponsible persons from 
starting forest fires through carelessness, but the two 
men mentioned did -not know of the law and proceeded 
to burn their brush as they had done in years gone by. 
There was no wood joining the fields where the brush was 
burned and no considerable forest within miles, and I 
think in each instance the brush was on plowed Land. 
There was not a possibility of damage, but they did not 
comply with the letter of the law. 
The law gives half the fine to the person informing 
and it is said that a sot who lives near these farmers 
saw the smoke from their brushbeaps and informed on 
them so as to get his share of the fine to spend for rum. 
Every farmer familiar with the case hopes he may remain 
dry. READER. 
New Jersey. 
