12 Sjoong. 
SPONGER. 
Fam. 4. Ectyonidce. (Genera, Clathria , 0. S., Ectyon , Gray, 
Echinodictyum , Ridley, Ophlitaspongia, Bwk., 
Ploccimia, O. S. ?, Ectyonopsis , Crtr. ?, Echino- 
nema , Crtr. ?, Agelas, D. & M. ?, Adocia, Gray, 
Amphimedon, D. & M., Crella , Gray, Pandaros, 
D. & M., Phorbas , D. & M., Terpios, D. & M.) 
[Then follow a list of genera possibly belong¬ 
ing to the Halichondrice , and another list of 
genera possibly belonging to the Spiculispongiced\ 
Suborder IY. Ceratina. 
Fam. 1. Spongelidce. (Genera, Spongelici , Nardo, Psammo- 
clema , Marshall, Psammopemma , Marshall, Velinea , 
Yosm.) 
Fam. 2. Spongidce. (Genera, Coscinoderma , Crtr., Euspongia , 
Bronn, Hippospongia , F. E. S., Cacospongia , 
O. S., Stelospongus, 0. S., Carteriospongia , Hyatt, 
Phyllospongia , Ehlers.) 
Fam. 3. Aplysinidce. (Genera, Aplysina, Ndo., Verongia , 
Bwk., Luff aria, D. & M.) 
Fam. 4. Darwinellidce. (Genera, Darwinella , F. Muller, Aply- 
silla , F. E. S., Dendrilla , Ldf., Janthella , Gray, 
Dendrospongier ,, Hyatt, Taonura , Crtr.) 
0. Schmidt (35) admits that Ancorina aaptos is not to be regarded as 
a member of the Tetractinellida. 
Carter (2) divides the order Psammonemata (Carter) into the three 
families, Bibuiidce, Hircinidce , and Liochrotidce. A new family, Arenida, 
is instituted for the genera Holopsamma , Sarcocornea, and Dysidea. 
Families Spongelida and Phyllospongida , Hvatt, are also adopted, but 
both these and the Arenida appear to be subordinate divisions of the 
Hircinidce and Liochrotidce. In the order Echinonema (Carter), a new 
group (subfamily ?) Higginsina (p. 293), is instituted, and a new family, 
Pseudoechinonemid.ee (p. 350). 
New Genera. 
Carter (2) institutes the following :— Holopsamma , p. 211, Sarcocornea, 
p. 214, Geelongia, p. 306, Tfh7som‘«, p. 366. 
Lendenfeld (19) describes the following new genera:— 
(Myxospongise) Bajalus. Halisarcidce with regular cylindrical, not 
ramified, elongate flagellated chambers; p. 141.—(Calcarea) Homoderma. 
Homodermidce which form colonies of several spindle-shaped persons ; 
the gastral cavities of which are connected with each other by a hollow 
spongorhiza ; p. 1088.— Leucopsis. Leucopsidce without any canal system. 
The inhalent pores of the Ascon tube reticulation small, and in direct 
communication with the outer water. The exhalent pores large, and 
opening direct into the pseudogaster ; p. 1089.— Grantessa. Uteince with 
sparsely-scattered bunches of long dermal protruding acerates, which 
are not determined in their number or position by the flagellated tubes. 
