such as exemption from military duty except in case of war, which indicate 
the high regard in which the teaching profession is held. A number of ele¬ 
mentary schools have recently opened kindergarten classes, but in this respect 
the most important work is still being done by the preschool section of the 
normal school at Heredia, and by such private institutions as the Escuela 
Maternal. 
Graduates of the elementary school may enter the School of Fine Arts, 
the School of Agriculture, the School of Commerce, the Normal School or 
any of the four liceos or secondary schools, namely, the Liceo de Costa Rica 
for boys, the Colegio Superior de Senoritas, and the two coeducational schools 
located in Alajuela and Cartago. These institutions enrol slightly more than 
2,000 students and grant a certificate of bachiller at the end of the five-year 
course. 
Instruction on the secondary level is also offered by a modern, coeducational 
normal school at Heredia. Students completing the five-year course are per¬ 
mitted to continue for two years, at the end of which they may receive the 
certificate of maestro normal. An additional two-year course leads to the 
degree of profesor normal. Professional courses include psychology, educa¬ 
tional administration, general methods and practice teaching. Nearly 500 
students are enrolled in the Normal School, which is provided with 60 
scholarships by the national government. 
'The School of Commerce at Limon and similar private establishments in 
Alajuela and San Jose offer opportunities for commercial education. The 
National School of Fine Arts provides courses in design, painting and sculp¬ 
ture. Professional training is limited to law, pharmacy, nursing, dentistry, 
engineering and agriculture. University degrees in other fields are generally 
sought abroad, and in this connection the national government observes a 
liberal policy of scholarships for promising students. 
30 
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