7a 
THE RURAL 
NEW-YORKER 
January 23, 
SALT IN THE SILO. 
There is some argument as to the 
value of salt when added to the silage 
while the silo is being filled. We have 
met farmers who are convinced that 
the addition of salt pays well. We 
know of a case where a western farm¬ 
er added powdered charcoal when filling 
with cut green clover and was con¬ 
vinced that it kept the clover in better 
condition and prevented a strong smell. 
The following statement of the argu¬ 
ments in favor of salting is made by 
the president of the Warsaw Wilkin¬ 
son Co. 
The Intelligent use of salt in the silo 
would he of great benefit. It has been used 
successfully on the top of the silage, when 
the silo is filled-, to prevent rot. If 12 
to 15 pounds to each foot in height is 
sprinkled next the wood when the silo is 
being filled it will prevent rot in the silage 
where the air might get access between 
the staves, and more especially it will 
prevent rot in the wooden silo itself. The 
putrefactive germs cannot live where salt 
is present in an appreciable quantity. It 
would also prevent freezing. The fermen¬ 
tative process in the siio is a complicated 
problem in organic chemistry. Is it known 
whether the bad odor in tlie clover stlage 
is due to partial putcofactivi changes or 
to some harmless chemical change? There 
is no doubt that if sufficient salt were 
mixed uniformly through the silage no fer¬ 
mentation would take place and no bad 
odor occur, but such a quantity would ren¬ 
der Iho feed too salty for use. The 'proper 
proportion is about one ounce to a daily 
ration of 40 pounds; say three or four 
pounds of salt to the ton of silage. This 
would check or modify the fermentation 
and probably prevent the had odor com¬ 
plained of. The experiment is harmless, 
would cost nothing, and it would he a sim¬ 
ple and methodical way to salt the cattle. 
If wooden silos were salted inside and 
painted outside occasionally they might 
last from 50 to 100 years. 
On the other hand Prof. T. H. King 
takes this view of the case: 
There is probably no doubt that there is 
a foundation for the general contention 
that salt may modify the character of fer¬ 
mentation in silage. It is quite doubtful, 
however, in my judgment, if the use of salt 
in silos, to an admissible extent, can very 
materially check the fermentation where 
any considerable access of air is possible. 
The destructive effects observed in silage 
and the decay of wood are largely the re¬ 
sults of the action of molds, and many 
of these we know are highly resistant to 
salt, as we find them growing on the rinds 
of cheese, lmcon, herring and even salt 
pork in barrels. I cannot refer you t< 
any specific data showing the power of 
resistance to salt -possessed by the common 
silage molds. It is true that farmers, many 
of them, apply salt to the tops of silos 
after filling, and I remember that it was 
a common practice with my father and 
many of his neighbors to salt: hay liberally 
if it must go into the barn a little green, 
with the conviction that It could do no 
harm, that Ihe salt would not; he wasted 
and that, it might do good in Ihe way of 
checking heating and molding. Possibly 
it does so, but there is nothing in my own 
•observation and nothing which I have seeij, 
that would justify a statement to the effect 
that it does so in any material way. 
Theoretically, Ihe effect of the salt is to 
lower the freezing point of the silage to 
some extent, but it must he remembered, 
in its application to the silage around the 
outer walls, that ns it dissolves in the 
juices of the silage it must to a greater 
or less extent diffuse inward from the walls 
and so reduce its concentration Just, as 
when it is applied to meat it disseminates 
itself throughout the whole mass. 
Protecting Bits in Cold Weather. 
Do you know of any special device for 
keeping horses' hits warm-when not in use7 
It is fearfully cold up here in Winter, and 
a horse jumps when a cold piece of metal 
is forced into his mouth. I have thought 
•of making a cotton hatting pad and wrap¬ 
ping the hit up in it when not in use. 
New York. u- f. D- 
The simplest method of protecting 
horses’ mouths from injury or discom¬ 
fort by frosty bits is to keep the head¬ 
stalls or bridles in a warm place when 
not in use. They may be taken to the 
house if convenient, or they may be hung 
in the stables near tbe horses and cov¬ 
ered with a blanket to keep them clean. 
The ammonia from horse manure may 
•cause some injury to leather; but in 
■case of working harness this possible de¬ 
terioration is more than offset by the 
saving of time in having harness con¬ 
veniently near to the horses. Should it 
be necessary to use a bit that has be¬ 
come very cold, it can be quickly warmed 
by holding in the hand and blowing 
upon it with the warm breath. Leather- 
covered or rubber bits will cause no dis¬ 
comfort when cold, and are excellent to 
use for a horse with a tender mouth at 
an/ time. _ c. s. M. 
Canada Field Peas for Stock. 
,7. O. 8., Union City, Pn .—I would like 
experience of farmers who raise Canada 
field peas for feed for cows, horses and 
hogs. Is it better to sow alone or with 
oats? I am told Canadian farmers raise 
them separately for pig feed, pull them up 
with a hay rake into windrows, stack them 
in a lot and let the pigs have free access 
to the stack, occasionally throwing off the 
stack as the pigs clean up what they can 
get at. I low many bushels of peas per 
acre is a good crop? 
Ans.— Peas make excellent feed for 
cattle and hogs, hut are not relished by 
horses unless mixed and ground with 
oats or other grain. It is a question of 
opinion whether- it is better to sow 
peasi alone or mixed with oats, or 
with oats and barley. In this section 
few peas are sown alone—most farm¬ 
ers sowing a mixture of peas and oats, 
or of peas, oats and barley. These 
mixtures stand up well together and 
can be harvested with the binder. Har¬ 
vesting peas with a horse rake and al¬ 
lowing the pigs to help themselves from 
U\ stack would seem to me a very 
wasteful practice, and I never before 
heard of its being done. The average 
yield of peas in the Province of On¬ 
tario for the last 27 years was 19.4 
bushels per acre. c. s. m. 
Canada. _ 
The Farm Journal says that silage is not: 
good for sheep except in small quantities. 
Queer sheep they have in Philadelphia! 
My flock has lived mainly on sUage for 
four Winters, and they do as well as sheep 
can do on it. They will leave any hay 
for siliige. I find six sheep eat ns much 
silage as one cow, the sheep will not eat 
It: quite as clean as a cow, hut the pigs 
eat the shells, of tin- hulls of the corn¬ 
stalks, that the sheep leave. a. k. it. 
I )e la ware. 
When you write advertisers mention Tub 
It. N.-Y. and you’ll get a quick reply and 
“a square deal." See guarantee page 10. 
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All 
Wires 
Same 
Size 
All 
No. 9 
as far as the Ohio and Mis¬ 
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COOK YOUR FEED and SAVE 
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DUPLEX 
GRINDING MILLS 
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THE 
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Made of wire that is 
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r ir© 
Chicago 
New Y r orl4. 
Denver 
S;i n 
JFrunci 
weather 
wiremaker’s art. 
, 4 ME 
Co. 
SCO 
ARTISTIC DESIGNS 
WARD 
FENCE COMPANY 
BOX 675 DECATUR, IND. 
Cheaper than 
wood, contain¬ 
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lor Catalogue. 
| For Lawns, Churches, Ceme¬ 
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SAMPLE 
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wi; pa v Fit pic nr 
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Ita 
The only abso- 
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Southwestern Office and Warehouse, Kansas City, Mo. 
EXCELL 
ROOFING 
STEEL & SIDING 
IRON 
and 
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Jlojit. No. ■' 1 ft, Cleveland, Ohio. 
The “Jubilee Year" 
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A Quartcr-Cenlury 
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Box 230. MUNCIE, IND. 
FENCE fiado?^ 
Made of High Carbon Double Strength 
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COILED SPRING FENCE CO. 
Box 203 Winchester. Indiana. 
