19 <> 9 . 
THE RURAL NEW-YORKER 
121 
KEEPING GREEN CUT BONE. 
I have just read the article on pre¬ 
serving green cut bone for poultry on 
page 75, and wish to give you my ideas 
on the matter. I have a power cutter 
for green bone, and cut quite an 
amount of bone and meat, principally 
horse-meat; and I intend trying this 
plan: Grind meat and bone when 
frozen, pack solidly in barrels, allow it 
to freeze solid, then place in a shady 
spot upon a layer of sawdust. Put 
some sawdust around the barrels and 
wet down pretty thoroughly and let the 
whole thing freeze solid. Then cover 
this all up with more sawdust or old 
hay, and allow it to remain till wanted. 
I see no reason why this will not keep 
at least well along into hot weather, 
using it as it thaws out. It might be 
more convenient to pack some of it in 
boxes that could be more readily taken 
out of the pile. I already have two 
barrels of this cut meat and bone 
which has been exposed to some zero 
weather, and I think it is solid clear 
through. If the meat is not frozen 
when ground up the machine does not 
work so well, the meat being squeezed 
through instead of finely cut. I also 
cut dry bones with this same machine, 
for poultry feed. I have thought of 
this when the Hope Farm man was 
telling about what to do with old bones. 
I buy the bones from the children in 
the factory village where I peddle, 
paying one-half cent per pound, and 
grind it and sell it to poultrymen. It 
makes a first-class feed, and is gen¬ 
erally liked both by those who buy it 
and by “biddy” who eats it. I also 
think it a fairly remunerative proposi¬ 
tion for myself. J. b. 
Windham Co., Conn. 
Guano Questions. 
//. J. V., G ell anbury. Pa —Will you give 
me an opinion of the fertilizer described in 
the circulars enclosed herewith? I was in¬ 
formed a few years ago that the supply 
of natural guanos had been exhausted. Is 
this correct? 
Ans. —Guano is chiefly bird manure. 
In southern latitudes great flocks of 
birds gather on certain islands to roost 
or breed. Their food is chiefly fish, 
and with the manure is found dead 
bodies of birds and some fish. In the 
Pacific, off the coast of Peru and Chili, 
are such islands, where there is practi¬ 
cally no rainfall. Here the deposits 
dry without great loss of ammonia. 
They are dug up, crushed or ground, 
and used as a fertilizer. The original 
deposits have been largely used up, but 
new ones are being made. The circu¬ 
lar mentioned in the question refers to 
a "natural guano,” which contains no 
nitrogen or potash, and about as much 
phosphoric acid as ground bone. Very 
likely it comes from islands in the 
Caribbean Sea. There are quite exten¬ 
sive deposits on these islands, but the 
rainfall is heavy, and all or nearly alt 
the soluble plant food has been washed 
out of the guano. Nothing but phos¬ 
phoric acid is left, consequently it does 
not pay well to mine and grind this 
material. We doubt if it would be any 
better than ground bone as a source 
of phosphoric acid. 
Effect of Oil and Gas Pumping on Earth’s 
Surface. 
•/.. Fayette, Miss. —I am an old man, 
ignorant, and too poor to subscribe for 
scientific literature. Please tell me what 
will l>e the probable effect on the crust 
of (lie earth from pumping all of this 
oil and gas from the "lower regions.” 
Wliat do scientists say about it? It must 
have a great sustaining force to the sur¬ 
face. 
Ans. —The large accumulations of 
petroleum and natural gas within the 
earth’s crust, like the much greater 
accumulations of water, are. found to 
be gathered in porous beds of rock like 
the coarse sandstones. These porous 
beds are overlaid by other layers which 
are impervious, just as is the case with 
artesian waters which maintain the 
strong flow in artesian wells. It will 
be readily understood that the removal 
of the oil or the gas from such porous 
beds would not in any material way 
weaken their supporting power. Be¬ 
sides, it is usually true that both the 
oil and the gas are under a water pres¬ 
sure, these overlying artesiafi waters, 
and as the oil and the gas are with¬ 
drawn, in many, if not in most cases, 
the water rises into the spaces vacated 
by the oil or the gas. f. h. king. 
ALFALFA PASTURE FOR HORSES. 
Have you ever beard of any bad re¬ 
sults from pasturing horses on Alfalfa? 1 
know it is dangerous for cows, as I had 
a valuable Jersey die from bloat after 
grazing for less than an hour. w. R. h. 
Pennsylvania. 
Yes, we know of several cases—all 
partly due to neglect on the part of the 
owners. The horses were left too long 
in the Alfalfa. We would not pasture 
a horse in an Alfalfa field, yet this 
is no argument against Alfalfa when 
properly fed. 
RATION FOR MILCH COW. 
What do you consider the nearest bal¬ 
anced ration for a cow of 1,100 to 1,200 
pounds, in full flow of milk, of the fol¬ 
lowing : Cob corn, cotton seed, bran 
(wheat) or Ajax, silage, clover hay, corn 
stover? Will it not pay to feed clover hay 
at morning and evening, feeding the silage 
at noon? The price of clover is $12.50, 
and we are somewhat short on silage. We 
do not seem able to feed cut corn stover, 
as the cows go off in flow of milk. Could 
we improve our ration by any other feeds, 
or cut out any of the present ones? lias 
it proved satisfactory to fill the silo witn 
oats and Canada field peas. t. b. 
Pldgemount, Pa. 
From the feeds you mention, I would 
suggest that you select the following ra¬ 
tion which is nearly balanced: 25 pounds 
silage, 12 pounds clover hay, four Ajax, 
1% pound cotton-seed meal, five pounds 
corn and cob meal. Corn stover will not 
aid much in the production of milk when 
you are feeding good silage and clover hay, 
but it sometimes pays to feed it when it 
is on hand, instead ot buying more expen¬ 
sive feed. In your case, if you can induce 
your cows to eat some corn stover during 
(he day in addition to the above ration, 
it will do no harm. I prefer feeding the 
silage the first thing after milking in the 
morning, together with half of the grain 
ration. A little corn stover can he given 
at noon, and the remainder of the grain 
and the clover hay at night. If you prefer 
to leave out the corn stover entirely part 
of the clover hay should bo fed at noon. 
You cannot afford to feed any wheat bran 
with this ration at all. 
In regard to the use of oats and Canada 
field peas for silage. I can only recommend 
their use under certain conditions. It is 
possible to make fairly good silage from 
these crops, hut it requires more labor, and 
on the whole they are not as satisfactory 
as corn. In filling a silo with oats and 
peas it must be packed tightly. It requires 
two men in the silo all of the time, while 
one man can .do the work where corn is 
used. * C. S. GREENE. 
CORN FODDER OR MATURE CORN. 
I was very much interested in the dis¬ 
cussion on page 2 in regard to filling the 
silo with corn and stalks, or just stalks. 
Contrary to Ross Bros.’ theory the farmers 
in this section practice the growing of 
corn and forage on the same land. It is 
true it takes a little more acreage, hut the 
grain secured, I think, pays the extra cost, 
besides mature corn makes better silage 
than the larger and later varieties. I have 
seen 800 bushels of ear corn and fodder to 
fill a 14x28 silo grown on 5% acres of 
ground; the variety planted was Learning 
dent, which matures in this section, cen¬ 
tral Connecticut, in from 90 to 100 days. 
I think Mr. Compton strikes the keynote 
when he says, ‘‘The corn in the silo is not 
the kind of grain the cows need.” It seems 
to me th.at. the grain could be fed to better 
advantage by grinding and mixing with 
other grains. Might it not be advisable in 
these days of high-priced corn, to ex¬ 
change a portion of the corn crop for cot¬ 
ton-seed meal or some of the other concen¬ 
trates? One thing I have noticed, that 
what litle corn there is in my silage passes 
through the animals whole, or at least a 
considerable proportion of it. Will some 
of the scientific ones tell us what benefit, 
if any, (he cows derive from this un¬ 
masticated corn. Speaking of feeding green 
corn, I will say that I fed about 60 pounds 
per day last Fall without any noticeable 
increase in the milk flow. j. s. G. 
Thomaston, Conn. 
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which makes them operate easier than ever 
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Notwithstanding most manufacturers 
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“SaveTheHorse’SpavinCure. 
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SOUND 
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Great country to see. Beautiful 
cities of hustling progressiveness 
and rugged scenery of great 
grandeur. New and interesting 
sights. Write for illustrated 
booklets and full information 
regarding the trip via the 
Union Pacific 
Ask about the Alaska-Yukon-Pacific Exposition 
at Seattle, Wash., 1901). 
Inquire of 
J. B. DeFRIEST, G, E. A., 
887 Broadway, New York, N. Y. 
February 16 
Mar.2 <md 16 
to go one way 
extra cost. You 
west than you 
and can better 
Ask the ticket 
over the Rock 
Lines, either 
Kansas City, St. 
Birmingham, 
If you will tell me 
I will tell you 
send you a map- 
Plan to go on one 
of these days — 
The trip will not 
cost much. These 
special low-faro 
tickets over the 
Rock Island - Frisco-C. 
& E. I. Lines will allow you 
and return another, without 
will see more of the South- 
could in any other way, 
decide where to locate, 
agent to sell you a ticket 
Island-Frisco-C. & E. I. 
through Chicago, St. Louis, 
Joseph, Memphis or 
according to your location, 
where you want to go, 
the cost of a ticket and 
schedule. 
I will also send 
hooks about the 
inform you of 
for you there, 
eyes to new 
for free copies 
JOHN SEBASTIAN, 
1914 Lasalle Sta., 
1914Frisco Bldg. 
you some interesting 
Southwest. They will 
opportunities waiting 
and will open your 
possibilities. Write 
today. 
Pass. Traffic 
Chicago 
St. Louis 
Mgr. 
